Association of a healthy lifestyle index with anthropometric indices and obesity in Hong Kong Chinese women: Evidence from the MECH-HK cohort study.

Aim: This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the associations of a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) with several anthropometric indices and obesity among Hong Kong Chinese women.

Subjects/methods: A total of 3174 women (56.16 ± 8.

Advancing canopy-level entomological surveillance to monitor vector-borne and zoonotic disease dynamics.

Faced with the increased frequency of zoonotic spillover in recent decades, emerging vector-borne diseases from nonhuman primates pose a significant threat to global public health. Understanding transmission dynamics driven by arthropod vectors between wildlife populations is critical for surveillance, modeling, and mitigation. Elevated canopy-level sampling is a valuable approach for elucidating vector behavior and sylvatic transmission.

Ecological risk factors for the establishment of West Nile virus in Britain.

West Nile virus (WNV) is a zoonotic mosquito-borne virus which is emerging across Europe, largely due to climate and other environmental changes. Detection of WNV at increasingly northern latitudes raises concern that WNV may be introduced to Britain, where ecological conditions could eventually support sustained transmission. Establishment of WNV depends on spatial and temporal overlap between infectious migratory birds and native vectors.

Associations of glycemic status with dynamic disease trajectories of atrial fibrillation and dementia.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been associated with elevated dementia risk, while few studies have examined the role of the optimal glycemic status in disease trajectories of AF and dementia.

Objectives: We aim to evaluate associations between glycemic status with disease trajectories of AF and dementia, as well as major dementia subtypes, including Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.

Design: Population-based cohort study.

Impact of Endorectal Coil Use on Extraprostatic Extension Detection in Prostate MRI: A Retrospective Monocentric Study.

Rationale And Objectives: Accurate preoperative mpMRI-based detection of extraprostatic extension (EPE) in prostate cancer (PCa) is critical for surgical planning and patient outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the impact of endorectal coil (ERC) use on the diagnostic performance of mpMRI in detecting EPE.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study with prospectively collected data included participants who underwent mpMRI and subsequent radical prostatectomy for PCa between 2007 and 2024.

Pulmonary rehabilitation healthcare professionals understanding and experiences of the protected characteristics of service users: A qualitative analysis.

Background: Health inequalities can affect access and uptake to pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). An individual's protected characteristics (age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion or belief, sex and sexual orientation) may contribute to health inequalities. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) experiences of the inclusivity and representativeness of PR services and knowledge of protected characteristics are unknown, however are vital for the identification and resolution of health inequalities.

'Obviously, because it's a tear it won't necessarily mend itself': a qualitative study of patient experiences and expectations of treatment for a meniscal tear.

Objectives: There is a paucity of qualitative research exploring the patient experience of living with a meniscal tear, vital to effective patient management. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences and expectations of treatment of patients aged 18-55 years with a meniscal tear of the knee.

Design: Qualitative study involving semistructured interviews.

Lived experience of pilonidal sinus disease: Systematic review and meta-ethnography.

Aim: Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) poses significant treatment challenges due to a lack of consensus on the diverse range of surgical approaches routinely employed, prompting a renewed focus on the patient experience. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experience of patients with PSD to better inform future person-centred treatment.

Method: A systematic review was performed to identify papers reporting qualitative studies on the lived experience of PSD.

Reducing fragmentation of primary healthcare financing for more equitable, people-centred primary healthcare.

Despite primary healthcare (PHC) being recognised in global declarations-Alma Ata in 1978 and Astana in 2018-and prioritised in national health strategies, chronic under-resourcing of PHC persists in most low-income and middle-income countries. More public spending is needed for PHC, but macrofiscal and political constraints often limit the ability of governments to allocate more public resources to PHC. Under-resourcing has been compounded by fragmented and rigid funding flows, which are inefficient and may erode equity, quality of care and public trust in PHC.

Delayed osteomyelitis following an open ankle fracture in an immunocompetent patient.

is a ubiquitous environmental fungus, and several osteomyelitis cases have been reported in recent years. We present the case of a woman in her 70s who sustained a comminuted open ankle fracture, with garden soil contamination of the wound, which was treated according to orthoplastic principles. The patient developed osteomyelitis 6 months postsurgery.

Neuroendocrine tumour of the urinary bladder.

We report a rare case of urinary bladder neuroendocrine tumour (NET) in a young, non-smoking man. He had no known risk factors and no comorbidities. After being diagnosed with a bladder tumour while being investigated for flank pain and poor renal function, he was treated with transurethral resection of the bladder tumour and deroofing of ureters bilaterally.

Evidence for a causal link between lipoprotein (a) and mental disorders: A retrospective and Mendelian randomization study.

Study Objectives: Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is a biomarker of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, but its role in mental disorders is controversial. Our study aimed to explore the causality between Lp(a) levels and mental disorders by combining retrospective and Mendelian randomization (MR) studies.

Methods: All genome-wide association study datasets used in the MR study were obtained from UK Biobank, FinnGen, and the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium.

RNA splicing: a split consensus reveals two major 5' splice site classes.

The established consensus sequence for human 5' splice sites masks the presence of two major splice site classes defined by preferential base-pairing potentials with either U5 snRNA loop 1 or the U6 snRNA ACAGA box. The two 5' splice site classes are separable in genome sequences, sensitized by specific genotypes and associated with splicing complexity. The two classes reflect the commitment to 5' splice site usage occurring primarily during 5' splice site transfer to U6 snRNA.

The effect of a brief intervention video on gambling advertising resistance: Results of a randomized, on-line experimental study.

Background And Aims: Gambling advertising is nowadays prevalent in multiple jurisdictions and can take multiple forms, such as TV adverts and social media promotions. However, few independently designed interventions for gambling advertising have been empirically tested. We aimed to measure the effectiveness of an inoculative intervention video for gambling advertising, which was developed based on previous interventions for alcohol and tobacco, and which used input from academics and experts by experience.

Cellular damage triggers mechano-chemical control of cell wall dynamics and patterned cell divisions in plant healing.

Reactivation of cell division is crucial for the regeneration of damaged tissues, which is a fundamental process across all multicellular organisms. However, the mechanisms underlying the activation of cell division in plants during regeneration remain poorly understood. Here, we show that single-cell endodermal ablation generates a transient change in the local mechanical pressure on neighboring pericycle cells to activate patterned cell division that is crucial for tissue regeneration in Arabidopsis roots.

Toward curing neurological autoimmune disorders: Biomarkers, immunological mechanisms, and therapeutic targets.

Autoimmune neurology is a rapidly expanding field driven by the discovery of neuroglial autoantibodies and encompassing a myriad of conditions affecting every level of the nervous system. Traditionally, autoantibodies targeting intracellular antigens are considered markers of T cell-mediated cytotoxicity, while those targeting extracellular antigens are viewed as pathogenic drivers of disease. However, recent advances highlight complex interactions between these immune mechanisms, suggesting a continuum of immunopathogenesis.

Mg-dependent mechanism of environmental versatility in a multidrug efflux pump.

Tripartite resistance nodulation and cell division multidrug efflux pumps span the periplasm and are major drivers of multidrug resistance among gram-negative bacteria. Cations, such as Mg, become concentrated within the periplasm and, in contrast to the cytoplasm, its pH is sensitive to conditions outside the cell. Here, we reveal an interplay between Mg and pH in modulating the structural dynamics of the periplasmic adapter protein, AcrA, and its function within the prototypical AcrAB-TolC multidrug pump from Escherichia coli.

Gut microbial GABA imbalance emerges as a metabolic signature in mild autism spectrum disorder linked to overrepresented Escherichia.

Gut microbiota (GM) alterations have been implicated in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet the specific functional architecture remains elusive. Here, employing multi-omics approaches, we investigate stool samples from two distinct cohorts comprising 203 children with mild ASD or typical development. In our screening cohort, regression-based analysis for metabolomic profiling identifies an elevated γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to glutamate (Glu) ratio as a metabolic signature of ASD, independent of age and gender.

Influential Factors on Survival in Laryngeal Cancer and Treatment Modalities Comparison.

Introduction Laryngeal cancer (LC) is the most common malignancy in otolaryngology, comprising 30-40% of head and neck malignancies. With an increasing incidence worldwide over the past few decades, LC has resulted in substantial strain on the NHS. There have been notable advancements in the treatment of LC over the years, particularly with the adoption of non-surgical methods, which emerged after the 1991 study conducted by the Veterans Affairs.

Association of Right Bundle Branch Block with Ischemic Stroke Incidence: A UK Biobank Cohort Study.

Introduction: Right bundle branch block (RBBB) is often considered benign; however, its association with ischemic stroke (IS) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the relationship between RBBB and the incidence of IS.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the UK Biobank database (2004-2021), which included 3,634 participants with new-onset RBBB and 3,643 matched controls.

Evidence from Mendelian randomization analysis combined with meta-analysis for the causal validation of the relationship between 91 inflammatory factors and lumbar disc herniation.

Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common spinal disease. In recent years, an increasing number of observational studies have reported the impact of inflammatory factors on LDH. By conducting Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis on 91 inflammatory factors, it is possible to reveal their causal relationship with LDH, providing new insights for prevention and treatment strategies.

Unveiling the truth: Pathogen infections linked to miscarriage: A STROBE-Compliant Mendelian randomization study.

Miscarriage represents a prevalent yet insufficiently studied adverse pregnancy outcome. The definitive causal links between various pathogens and miscarriage remain to be established. To investigate the causal connections between pathogen infections and miscarriage, we utilized a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Diketopiperazine/piperidine alkaloid as a potential broad-spectrum coronaviral entry inhibitor identified by supercomputer-based virtual screening from a large natural product-based library.

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the urgent need for antiviral agents capable of targeting a broad range of coronaviruses, including emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2. While vaccines have been pivotal, the search for drugs that can prevent viral entry into host cells remains crucial, especially against evolving viral forms and other coronaviruses. In this study, we investigated natural products as a source of antiviral agents, focusing on their potential to block the spike protein's receptor-binding domain (RBD).

The current clinical practice and experiences in buccal midazolam prescribing in community for status epilepticus termination in the United Kingdom: The Rescue Epilepsy Medication and Training (REMIT) study.

Background: Epilepsy is one of the commonest neurological conditions worldwide and confers a significant mortality risk, partly driven by status epilepticus (SE). Terminating SE is the goal of pharmaceutical rescue therapies. This survey evaluates UK-based healthcare professionals' clinical practice and experience in community-based rescue therapy prescribing.

Effect of fezolinetant on patient-reported quality-of-life outcomes: Data from a phase 3b study (DAYLIGHT) of the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause in women considered unsuitable for hormone therapy.

Objective: To report patient-reported quality-of-life (QOL) outcomes in the DAYLIGHT study.

Study Design: DAYLIGHT was a phase 3b, randomized, double-blind, 24-week, placebo-controlled study. Participants were women aged ≥40 to ≤65 years with moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms (VMS) considered unsuitable for hormone therapy (HT) (contraindications, caution, stoppers, or averse) randomized 1:1 to placebo or fezolinetant 45 mg once daily.