Use of Magtrace as an Alternative Approach in Staging the Axilla in Early-Stage Breast Cancer: A Single-Center Experience.

Background The sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is the standard method used to determine the stage of breast cancer in patients with no clinical signs of axillary involvement. The current gold standard for the intraoperative assessment of the axilla involves the use of dual radioisotope and patent blue dye. However, researchers have been studying the use of superparamagnetic iron oxide Magtrace® (Endomagnetics Limited, Cambridge, United Kingdom) agents as an alternative to overcome the limitations of the standard SLNB technique.

Impact of surrogates for insulin resistance on mortality and life expectancy in primary care: a nationwide cross-sectional study with registry linkage (LIPIDOGRAM2015).

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is an important risk factor for multiple chronic diseases, increasing mortality and reducing life expectancy. The associations between emerging surrogates for IR, triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and TyG-related indicators, with all-cause mortality and life expectancy in middle-aged and older patients in primary care are unclear.

Methods: This study originated from the Polish primary care cohort LIPIDOGRAM2015, including patients aged ≥45 years.

Impact and cost-effectiveness of scaling up HCV testing and treatment strategies for achieving HCV elimination among people who inject drugs in England: a mathematical modelling study.

Background: England aims to reach the World Health Organization (WHO) elimination target of decreasing HCV incidence among people who inject drugs (PWID) to <2 per 100 person-years (/100pyrs) by 2030. We assessed what testing and treatment strategies will achieve this target and whether they are cost-effective.

Methods: A dynamic deterministic HCV transmission model among PWID was developed for four England regions, utilising data on the scale-up of HCV treatment among PWID in prisons, drug treatment centres (DTC, where opioid agonist therapy is provided), and any other setting (e.

Association between HPV vaccination and cervical screening policy changes and cervical cancer incidence and grade-3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia incidence in England, 2006-2020: a population-based trends analysis.

Background: Monitoring trends in diseases after the implementation of new public health interventions or policy changes is crucial for public health planning and surveillance. In this study we look at variations in rates of cervical cancer and grade-3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN3) incidence between 2006 and 2020 in England and relate them to predictions based on the changes in HPV vaccination and cervical screening policy.

Methods: Using population-based registry data, we estimated incidence rates and their 95% confidence intervals for cervical cancer and CIN3 by age group and by either year of diagnosis or 1-year birth cohort.

Operationalizing goal setting as an outcome measure in trials involving patients with frailty, multimorbidity or complexity.

Background/aims: In the absence of disease-modifying therapies for Parkinson's disease, much research focuses on improving quality of life, health and wellbeing. It is important to evaluate potential treatments and innovative care models in a robust and standardised way. Disease-specific outcomes have limitations in older people, those with cognitive impairment, multimorbidity, disability or short life expectancy.

The effects of diet enhancement on the health of commercial bumblebee colonies.

Unlabelled: Commercially reared bees provide economically important pollination services for a diversity of crops. Improving their health is important both to maximise their pollination services and to avoid possible pathogen spillover or spillback with wild pollinators. Diet quality may directly or indirectly affect diverse aspects of bumblebee health, including colony development, individual size and immune health, but the impact of this remains unclear.

Predicting incident dementia in community-dwelling older adults using primary and secondary care data from electronic health records.

Predicting risk of future dementia is essential for primary prevention strategies, particularly in the era of novel immunotherapies. However, few studies have developed population-level prediction models using existing routine healthcare data. In this longitudinal retrospective cohort study, we predicted incident dementia using primary and secondary care health records at 5, 10 and 13 years in 144 113 Scottish older adults who were dementia-free prior to 1st April 2009.

Looped quality improvement project of consent forms in patients admitted with hip fracture.

Introduction: Neck of femur (NOF) fractures constitute a significant proportion of the workload of orthopaedic departments, with approximately 65 000 admissions across the UK annually. There are various surgical procedures available to repair NOF fractures and each is associated with numerous intraoperative and perioperative risks. Informed consent is an essential part of the workup when planning to undertake any surgical procedure, whereby the risks and benefits of surgery are discussed with the patient, so they are able to make decisions about their care.

Detection and continuous monitoring of moisture content in transformer oil using fractal-based capacitive sensor.

The contaminated transformer oil is one of the major causes of failure in the power system. Detection and continuous monitoring of moisture content in transformer oil is required for the smooth operation of a system. In this paper, a Fractal-based Sinusoidal-shaped Capacitive Sensor (FSCS) is proposed to increase the contact area between capacitor plates and dielectric medium by 17.

Spontaneous and perturbation-based EEG cortical excitability markers are associated with plasma p-tau181 concentration in healthy middle-aged adults.

In early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition can induce neuronal hyperactivity, thereby potentially triggering activity-dependent neuronal secretion of phosphorylated tau (p-tau), ensuing tau aggregation and spread. Therefore, cortical excitability is a candidate biomarker for early AD detection. Moreover, lowering neuronal excitability could potentially complement strategies to reduce Aβ and tau buildup.

Lipid imbalance and inflammatory oxylipin cascade at the maternal-fetal interface in recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Background: Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is intricately linked to metabolic dysregulation at the maternal-fetal interface during early gestation. Abnormal levels of essential fatty acids and downstream oxylipins in decidua and chorionic villi have been identified as potential risk factors for RSA. Oxylipins have been linked to excessive inflammation, which might disrupt maternal-fetal immune tolerance, potentially contributing to RSA.

Numerical investigation of micro solid oxide fuel cell performance in combination with artificial intelligence approach.

The current study presents a multiphysics numerical model for a micro-planar proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cell (H-SOFC). The numerical model considered an anode-supported H-SOFC with direct internal reforming (DIR) of methane. The model solves coupled nonlinear equations, including continuity, momentum, mass transfer, chemical and electrochemical reactions, and energy equations.

The doctor will polygraph you now.

Artificial intelligence (AI) methods have been proposed for the prediction of social behaviors that could be reasonably understood from patient-reported information. This raises novel ethical concerns about respect, privacy, and control over patient data. Ethical concerns surrounding clinical AI systems for social behavior verification can be divided into two main categories: (1) the potential for inaccuracies/biases within such systems, and (2) the impact on trust in patient-provider relationships with the introduction of automated AI systems for "fact-checking", particularly in cases where the data/models may contradict the patient.

Mapping heat tolerance QTLs in backcross introgression lines to enhance thermotolerance in wheat.

Wheat, a major cereal crop, is the most consumed staple food after rice in India. Frequent episodes of heat waves during the past decade have raised concerns about food security under impending global warming and necessitate the development of heat-tolerant wheat cultivars. Wild relatives of crop plants serve as untapped reservoirs of novel genetic variations.

Infrastructuring Educational Genomics: Associations, Architectures, and Apparatuses.

Technoscientific transformations in molecular genomics have begun to influence knowledge production in education. Interdisciplinary scientific consortia are seeking to identify 'genetic influences' on 'educationally relevant' traits, behaviors, and outcomes. This article examines the emerging 'knowledge infrastructure' of educational genomics, attending to the assembly and choreography of organizational associations, epistemic architecture, and technoscientific apparatuses implicated in the generation of genomic understandings from masses of bioinformation.

Assessing microbial growth in drinking water using nucleic acid content and flow cytometry fingerprinting.

This study utilizes flow cytometry (FCM) to evaluate the high nucleic acid (HNA) and low nucleic acid (LNA) content of intact cells for monitoring bacterial dynamics in drinking water treatment and supply systems. Our findings indicate that chlorine and nutrients differently impact components of bacterial populations. HNA bacteria, characterized by high metabolic rates, quickly react to nutrient alterations, making them suitable indicators of growth under varying water treatment and supply conditions.

Reduced lung metastasis in endothelial cell-specific transforming growth factor β type II receptor-deficient mice with decreased CD44 expression.

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is abundantly present in the tumor microenvironment, contributing to cancer progression. However, the regulatory mechanism by which TGF-β affects vascular endothelial cells (ECs) in the tumor microenvironment is not well understood. Herein, we generated tamoxifen-inducible TGF-β type II receptor () knockout mice, specifically targeting ECs (TβRII), by crossbreeding TβRII-floxed mice with Pdgfb-icreER mice.

Increased gastrointestinal bleeding-related mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Despite its significant health burden, there is a lack of national-level temporal patterns in gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) mortality.

Objectives: To comprehensively decipher the annual and monthly trend of GIB-related mortality in the United States.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

The role of aspirin in preventing gastrointestinal cancers.

Cancer remains an increasing global health issue and is projected to cause 50% of all global deaths by 2050. Gastrointestinal (GI) tract cancers currently account for approximately 25-30% of all cancer deaths. Consequently, there has been an emerging focus to optimize preventative measures for these cancers through varied avenues such as dietary change, public policy, screening/surveillance via endoscopy and most recently, chemoprevention.

Biometric Technology at the Borders of Citizenship: Identifying Technical Standards for Introducer-Based Remote Onboarding in Global Contexts of Statelessness, Nomadism, Displacement, and Refuge.

All throughout the so-called "Global South", hundreds of millions of individuals from entire communities in the rural, poorer, or most peripheral areas are not officially recorded by the States they are citizens of or they habitually reside in. This is why several of such States are resorting to extensive and purportedly "universal" digital remote onboarding programs, pioneered by India's Aadhaar, whereby individuals are centrally recorded onto a public database with their identity (and possibly citizenship) confirmed. Whenever paper documents are obsolete, inaccurate, deteriorated, or inexistent, individuals may have their identity confirmed through an "introducer", who mediates between marginalised communities and central authorities and is entrusted by both with this delicate task.

Overcoming resistance to arginine deprivation therapy using GC7 in pleural mesothelioma.

Pleural mesothelioma is a highly chemotherapy-resistant cancer. Approximately 50% of mesotheliomas do not express argininosuccinate synthetase 1 (ASS1), the rate-limiting enzyme in arginine biosynthesis, making arginine depletion with pegylated arginine deiminase (ADI-PEG20) an attractive therapeutic strategy. We investigated whether combinatory treatment composed of ADI-PEG20 and polyamine inhibitors constitutes a promising novel therapeutic strategy to overcome ADI-PEG20 resistance in mesothelioma patients.

TBC1D24 interacts with the v-ATPase and regulates intraorganellar pH in neurons.

The vacuolar ATPase (v-ATPase) is essential for acidification of intracellular organelles, including synaptic vesicles. Its activity is controlled by cycles of association and dissociation of the ATP hydrolysis (V) and proton transport (V) multi-protein subunits. Mutations in genes coding for both v-ATPase subunits and TBC1D24 cause neurodevelopmental disorders with overlapping syndromes; therefore, it is important to investigate their potentially interrelated functions.

The efficacy of acupuncture for diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trails.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).

Methods: Randomized controlled trial (RCT) of acupuncture for diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Chinese Knowledge Network (CNKI), Wanfang database, VIP database (VIP), PubMed, web of science, cochrane library, AMED and CINAHL were searched by computer since the establishment of the database. All publications in English and Chinese as of 30 December 2023 will be searched, without country or article type restrictions.

Optimal proprioceptive training combined with rehabilitation regimen for lower limb dysfunction in stroke patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the optimal rehabilitation regimen for lower limb dysfunction in stroke patients by analyzing the effects of proprioceptive training (PT) in combination with different rehabilitation interventions.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to April 23, 2024, were searched from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and SinoMed. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (ROB 2.