The safety and efficacy of anti-inflammatory-impregnated gelatin sponge in spine surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of anti-inflammatory-impregnated gelatin sponges in spine surgeries. Gelatin sponges are increasingly used as delivery vehicles for anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs during spine surgeries. However, concerns about their safety and efficacy persist.

Emotional Eating Interventions for Adults Living With Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Behaviour Change Techniques.

Background: Emotional eating (EE) is a barrier to the long-term success of weight loss interventions. Psychological interventions targeting EE have been shown to reduce EE scores and weight (kg), though the mechanisms remain unclear. This review and meta-analysis aimed to identify the specific behaviour change techniques (BCTs) associated with improved outcomes.

Family carers and the provision of person-centred dementia care for activities of daily living.

Care provided by family members is not always consistent with the principles of person-centred dementia care (PCDC) and interventions to improve the quality of care are needed. A good foundation for the development of such interventions is provided by an understanding of how good and poor care practices are manifested in everyday care, and of the challenges to providing good quality care. Thirty people providing care to a spouse or partner with dementia were interviewed, and asked to describe examples of the care they provided for activities of daily living and the challenges to providing good quality care.

Phenotypic and genotypic landscape of antibiotic resistance through One Health approach in Sri Lanka: A systematic review.

Objectives: Antibiotic resistance (ABR) constitutes a significant burden to economies in developing countries. In the 'One-Health' concept, ABR in human, animals, and environment is interconnected. The aim of this study was to critically appraise literature on ABR in all three domains in One Health, within the Sri Lankan geographical context.

Murphy's Law in cataract surgeries: A retrospective analysis.

Objective: Around 400,000 cataract operations are performed annually in the UK, with a complication rate of 1.95% and the associated financial costs at over £13 million. Cataract operations are occasionally cancelled when patients cannot attend.

The phytoplasma SAP54 effector acts as a molecular matchmaker for leafhopper vectors by targeting plant MADS-box factor SVP.

Obligate parasites often trigger significant changes in their hosts to facilitate transmission to new hosts. The molecular mechanisms behind these extended phenotypes - where genetic information of one organism is manifested as traits in another - remain largely unclear. This study explores the role of the virulence protein SAP54, produced by parasitic phytoplasmas, in attracting leafhopper vectors.

Spontaneous Resolution of the Fe(CO) Anion and Inclusion of Chiral Guest Molecules in BEDT-TTF Radical-Cation Salts.

We report the synthesis of three radical-cation salts of BEDT-TTF from racemic tris(oxalato)ferrate by electrocrystallization in the presence of chiral molecules. In the presence of enantiopure l-(+)-tartaric acid, we observe spontaneous resolution of the labile tris(oxalato)ferrate anion to produce the chiral radical-cation salt α-(BEDT-TTF)[Δ-Fe(CO)].[l-(+)-tartaric acid] which contains only the Δ enantiomer of Fe(CO).

Précis of .

We summarise key messages from the World Bank Report . A central lesson of the Report is that in decision-making on the path to Universal Health Coverage (UHC), procedural fairness matters alongside substantive fairness. Decision systems should be assessed using a complete conception of procedural fairness that embodies core commitments to impartial and equal consideration of interests and perspectives.

The 2023 fatal dengue outbreak in Bangladesh highlights a paradigm shift of geographical distribution of cases.

In 2023, Bangladesh experienced its largest and deadliest outbreak of the Dengue virus (DENV), reporting the highest-ever recorded annual cases and deaths. Historically, most of the cases were recorded in the capital city, Dhaka. We aimed to characterize the geographical transmission of DENV in Bangladesh.

Professionalisation of Community Health Workers: Time for a Formal Contract.

Community health workers (CHWs) are the backbone of strong primary healthcare systems. If properly supported, they can add significant value to access to healthcare service delivery. Yet, despite their proven effectiveness globally, systemwide support for CHWs remains sub-optimal.

High Intensity Physician-Based Service Use for Mental Health Concerns in a General-Population Sample of Children and Youth: Utilisation des services de haute intensité dispensés par des médecins pour les problèmes de santé mentale dans un échantillon d'enfants et de jeunes de la population générale.

Objective: To examine factors associated with high intensity physician-based mental health care services in a population-based sample of children and youth in Ontario, Canada.

Methods: Data from the 2014 Ontario Child Health Study (OCHS) were linked at the person-level to longitudinal health administrative databases containing physician contacts in outpatient settings, emergency departments and hospitals. Our analytical sample (15.

Non-pharmacological Interventions for Preoperative Anxiety in Children: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Aims: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions in children with preoperative anxiety.

Background: It is estimated that preoperative anxiety affects up to 60% of children which is associated with both immediate and long-term adverse outcomes. Several non-pharmacological interventions have been demonstrated to be effective, but further research is necessary to determine which is the most effective.

Sexual Health, Pleasure, Justice, and Well-Being in People With Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases: A Scoping Review Protocol.

Introduction: Sexual health, pleasure, justice (equity in sexual rights and experiences), and well-being are crucial determinants of health and life quality, yet often overlooked in the rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMD) field. However, this topic has received more attention recently, and there is a need to map the current literature to inform the direction of future studies. Hence, this protocol outlines a scoping review to systematically map existing evidence on sexual health in people with RMD, exploring key themes and identifying evidence gaps across multiple dimensions, including sexual well-being, justice and pleasure.

Head and Neck Rhabdomyosarcoma in Pediatric Patients: An International Collaborative Study.

Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a rare malignant tumor, frequently affects pediatric patients, with 35%-40% occurring in the head and neck. This study analyzes the clinicopathologic profile of pediatric head and neck rhabdomyosarcomas from Brazil, Guatemala, Mexico, and South Africa.

Methods: We reviewed 44 cases from 10 Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology services, conducting immunohistochemical analyses of desmin, myogenin, Myo-D1, and Ki67, with quantification via QuPath software.

Person-Centredness and Paternalism: The Dance With Power.

Objective: The World Health Organization advocates for person-centredness (PC) as essential for quality care, yet its definitions and interpretations vary widely among professionals. Most qualitative research on PC focuses on physiotherapists in countries such as the UK, Australia, and the US, where PC is explicitly emphasised. In contrast, the term PC is absent in French educational standards, and its promotion is lacking in the French healthcare system.

Unlocking the Vitamin Puzzle: Investigating Levels in People With Alzheimer's Disease Versus Healthy Controls Through Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

The progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is intricately tied to the impairment of neurons, crucial for neurological functions. Despite extensive research, the precise mechanism underlying AD development remains elusive due to its multifaceted aetiology. Vitamin deficiency has emerged as a notable contributor to AD onset and progression, exerting a significant influence on brain function.

Controlling of Applied Force and Cornea Displacement Estimation in Robotic Corneal Surgery With a Gripper Surgical Instrument.

Background: The human eye consists of highly sensitive, hydrated, and relatively thin tissues, making precise control and accurate force estimation crucial in robotic eye surgery. This paper introduces a novel control method and state observer designed for a gripper surgical instrument used on the external ocular surface during robotic eye surgery.

Methods: A novel state observer, operating in tandem with the controller, estimates the applied force.

The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on people living with HIV.

Intro: Public health restrictions were introduced in the UK in March 2021 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of our study was to understand the impact of the disruptions to routine healthcare services among people with HIV during this time and the effect on their engagement with healthcare, social, employment, and relationship networks and mental and physical well-being, to inform advanced planning in the event of future healthcare service disruptions.

Methods: An online survey was conducted, with participants recruited from one HIV clinic and one community organization in England.

High Molecular-Weight Organics as Precursors for Toxic Iodinated Disinfection Byproducts during Chloramination.

Iodinated DBPs (I-DBPs), many more toxic than regulated chlorinated and/or brominated DBPs, are a major challenge in the supply of safe drinking water. While over 800 DBPs have been identified, the occurrence and precursors of toxic I-DBPs remain poorly understood. Herein, natural organic matter from two raw drinking waters was fractionated using ultrafiltration membranes into different groups based on molecular weight (MW).

Effects of repeated intravenous esketamine administration on affective biases.

Objectives: While neuropsychological effects of conventional antidepressants are well-documented, more research is needed for rapid-acting antidepressants. This study examines the effects of esketamine on emotion processing and cognitive functioning, both acutely and sub-chronically.

Methods: Eighteen treatment-resistant depression (TRD) patients received repeated intravenous esketamine infusions.

Promoting Physical Activity in People With Parkinson's Disease Through a Smartphone App: A Pilot Study.

Background And Purpose: Physical activity has beneficial symptomatic effects for people with Parkinson's disease (PD), but increasing-and sustaining-a physically active lifestyle remains challenging. We investigated the feasibility (ability to increase step counts) and usability of a behavioral intervention using a motivational smartphone application to remotely increase physical activity in PD.

Methods: We performed a 4-week, double-blind pilot trial.

Molecular basis of human angiotensin-1 converting enzyme inhibition by a series of diprolyl-derived compounds.

Angiotensin-1-converting enzyme (ACE) is a zinc-dependent carboxypeptidase of therapeutic interest for the treatment of hypertension, inflammation and fibrosis. It consists of two homologous N and C catalytic domains, nACE and cACE, respectively. Unfortunately, the current clinically available ACE inhibitors produce undesirable side effects due to the nonselective inhibition of these domains.

Alström syndrome: the journey to diagnosis.

Background: Alström syndrome (AS) is a recessively inherited genetic condition which is ultra-rare and extremely complex. Symptoms include retinal dystrophy, nystagmus, photophobia, hearing loss, obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes and cardiomyopathy. The condition is progressive, but it is important to note that not all the complications associated with AS occur in everyone affected.