Exploring the lived experiences of diagnostic radiographers after transitioning to non-emergency imaging settings.

Introduction: The demand for diagnostic imaging in emergency clinical settings has increased in recent years, placing pressure on the available workforce. However, challenges including staff shortages and inflexible shift patterns may prompt radiographers to leave emergency settings. This study explores the lived experiences of radiographers who have transitioned to non-emergency settings and factors that might influence their decision to return.

The prevalence of disability among adolescents and young adults in low and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional comparison of two measures.

Background: The Washington Group Short Set on Functioning (WG-SS) is frequently used to identify disability among adults in national surveys. Concerns have been raised about the utility of the WG-SS given that it fails to include any items relating to psychosocial disability.

Objective: To compare prevalence estimates for adolescents and young adults derived from the Washington Group's Child Functioning Module (WG-CFM; age 15-17) and the WG-SS (age 18-25).

Effects of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring on body weight and glycemic variability in overweight individuals with impaired glucose tolerance or mild diabetes: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To investigate the effect of visualizing blood glucose variability by intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) on weight reduction in overweight individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or mild type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Materials And Methods: Forty overweight (BMI, ≥25 kg/m2) individuals with IGT or T2DM (drug naïve; HbA1c, ≤7.0 %) were included in this 24-week randomized controlled trial.

Final Overall Survival and Molecular Data Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Patients Receiving Ipatasertib and Abiraterone in the Phase 3 IPATential150 Trial.

Background And Objective: In the phase 3 IPATential150 trial, ipatasertib addition to abiraterone significantly reduced the risk of disease progression in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with PTEN loss on immunohistochemistry (IHC), but not in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population. Here we report the final overall survival (OS) analysis and present results for prespecified and exploratory biomarker analyses.

Methods: Patients were randomized to receive ipatasertib (400 mg once daily) or placebo.

Klebsiella pneumoniae emerging anti-immunology paradigms: from stealth to evasion.

Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is a global threat to human health due to the isolation of multidrug-resistant strains. Despite advancements in understanding KP's population structure, antibiotic resistance mechanisms, and transmission patterns, a gap remains in how KP evades defenses, allowing the pathogen to flourish in tissues despite an activated immune system. KP infection biology has been shaped by the notion that the pathogen has evolved to shield from defenses more than actively suppress them.

Role of inflammasomes in acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is present in >10% of all people admitted to critical care and is associated with severe morbidity and mortality. Despite more than half a century since its first description, no efficacious pharmacological therapies have been developed, and little progress has been made in improving clinical outcomes. Neutrophils are the principal drivers of ARDS, with their priming and subsequent aberrant downstream functions, including interleukin (IL) 1β and IL-18 secretion, central to the disease pathogenesis.

Xanthomatous hypophysitis relapsing and remitting over two decades.

Inflammation of the pituitary gland can be primary (without another underlying cause) or secondary (associated with a systemic inflammatory condition). Primary hypophysitis is very rare, among which xanthomatous hypophysitis as a histological type is extremely unusual. A woman in her late 50s presented with recurrent pituitary lesions over 20 years.

Oral tranexamic acid for immediate use in major trauma: implications for mass casualty events.

The early administration of tranexamic acid is recognised as significantly reducing mortality in traumatically injured patients with major haemorrhage, typically given via intravenous or intramuscular routes. In the context of mass casualty events, there may exist multiple traumatically injured casualties that would benefit from tranexamic acid, however, it's administration may be delayed through the need to establish intravenous access. Additionally, if the initial assessment of the traumatically injured casualty is undertaken by an individual who cannot administer intravenous or intramuscular medications, time to administration will be further delayed.

Risk factors for visual loss after excision of orbital cavernous venous malformations: a systematic review.

Background: Orbital cavernous venous malformations (OCVMs) are the most common primary orbital mass lesion and presenting symptoms are usually secondary to a mass effect. Surgical excision presents unique challenges and vision loss is a rare, but devastating, complication. This review aims to identify risk factors for vision loss with excision of OCVMs.

Real-world application of physiologically based pharmacokinetic models in drug discovery.

The utility of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models in support of drug development has been well documented. During the discovery stage, PBPK modeling has increasingly been applied for early risk assessment, prediction of human dose, toxicokinetic dose projection, and early formulation assessment. Previous review articles have proposed model-building and application strategies for PBPK-based first-in-human predictions with comprehensive descriptions of the individual components of PBPK models.

Absolute membrane protein abundance of P-glycoprotein, breast cancer resistance protein, and multidrug resistance proteins in term human placenta tissue and commonly used cell systems: Application in physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of placental drug disposition.

The placenta acts as a barrier, excluding noxious substances while actively transferring nutrients to the fetus, mediated by various transporters. This study quantified the expression of key placental transporters in term human placenta (n = 5) and BeWo, BeWo b30, and JEG-3 placenta cell lines. Combining these results with pregnancy physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, we demonstrate the utility of proteomic analysis for predicting placental drug disposition and fetal exposure.

A Phase I/IIa Clinical Trial to Evaluate Safety and Adrenal Uptake of Para-Chloro-2-[F]Fluoroethyletomidate in Healthy Volunteers and Patients with Primary Aldosteronism.

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a common, potentially reversible, cause of hypertension. Distinguishing unilateral from bilateral PA is critical when deciding who should be offered surgery (unilateral adrenalectomy). Recent studies have shown that PET/CT with [C]metomidate can accurately identify unilateral PA, with localization of the causative aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA).

Accelerated epigenetic aging worsens survival and mediates environmental stressors in fibrotic interstitial lung disease.

Background: The role of epigenetic aging in the environmental pathogenesis and prognosis of fibrotic interstitial lung disease (fILD) is unclear. We evaluated whether ambient particulate matter ≤2.5 μm (PM) and neighbourhood disadvantage exposures are associated with accelerated epigenetic aging, and whether epigenetic age is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with fILD.

Efficacy and safety of the activin signalling inhibitor, sotatercept, in a pooled analysis of PULSAR and STELLAR studies.

Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Sotatercept is a first-in-class activin signalling inhibitor that acts to restore the balance between the growth-promoting and growth-inhibiting signalling pathways.

Methods: This post-hoc, exploratory, pooled analysis combines data from the double-blind placebo periods of the phase 2 PULSAR (NCT03496207) and phase 3 STELLAR (NCT04576988) studies.

Enhancing nanopore adaptive sampling for PromethION using readfish at scale.

A unique feature of Oxford Nanopore Technologies sequencers, adaptive sampling, allows precise DNA molecule selection from sequencing libraries. Here we present enhancements to our tool, readfish, enabling all features for the industrial scale PromethION sequencer, including standard and "barcode-aware" adaptive sampling. We demonstrate effective coverage enrichment and assessment of multiple human genomes for copy number and structural variation on a single PromethION flow cell.

Subdermal contraceptive implant migration to pulmonary artery branch.

Subdermal contraceptive implants are now commonly used throughout the world. One of the rare complications of these implants is migration to the lungs due to misplacement of the implant during insertion, with only a limited number of cases documented. Here, we present a case where a subdermal contraceptive implant embolised in the subsegmental branch of the pulmonary artery within the anterobasal segment of the left lower lobe.