Association of radiation-induced normal tissue toxicity with a high genetic risk for rheumatoid arthritis.

Purpose: Overlapping genes are involved with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and DNA repair pathways. Therefore, we hypothesised that patients with a high polygenic risk score (PRS) for RA will have an increased risk of radiotherapy (RT) toxicity given the involvement of DNA repair.

Methods: Primary analysis was performed on 1494 prostate cancer, 483 lung cancer and 1820 breast cancer patients assessed for development of RT toxicity in the REQUITE study.

Critical Time Points for Assessing Long-Term Clinical Response After Sleeve Gastrectomy-A Retrospective Study of Patients with 13-Year Follow-Up.

Background: Weight loss after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) demonstrates significant diversity in the long term and the implicated mechanisms behind suboptimal clinical response (SCR) or recurrent weight gain (RWG) need to be scrutinized. This study retrospectively examines weight-loss trajectories, aiming to identify critical time points to optimize follow-up strategies and guide future prospective research.

Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective study of 104 patients that underwent SG.

Oxytocin versus carbetocin at elective Cesarean delivery in parturients with class III obesity: a double-blind randomized controlled noninferiority trial.

Purpose: Class III obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 40 kg·m) is associated with high rates of Cesarean deliveries and postpartum hemorrhage, with increased maternal and fetal morbidity. The doses of oxytocin and carbetocin are two to four times higher at Cesarean delivery in patients with class III obesity. We sought to investigate the efficacy of carbetocin 80 µg iv compared with oxytocin 1 IU iv (plus infusion) at elective Cesarean delivery in parturients with class III obesity.

Recovery at 30: Integrating Lived Experience Expertise into Mental Health Research in Israel.

A major component of recovery is the inclusion of lived experience to transform the culture of Mental Health (MH) services. In Israel lived experience has been increasingly integrated into services through peer roles. However, lived experience knowledge and expertise has not been sufficiently nor systematically integrated into the design of mental health research.

Evaluation of Three Viral Capsid Integrity qPCR Methods for Wastewater-Based Viral Surveillance.

Capsid Integrity qPCR (CI-qPCR) assays offer a promising alternative to cell culture-based infectivity assays for assessing pathogenic human virus viability in wastewater. This study compared three CI-qPCR methods: two novel (Crosslinker, TruTiter) and one established (PMAxx dye). These methods were evaluated on heat-inactivated and non-heat-inactivated 'live' viruses spiked into phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and wastewater, as well as on viruses naturally present in wastewater samples.

Perceptions of sarcopenia in patients, health and care professionals, and the public: a scoping review of studies from different countries.

Rationale And Objective: Perceptions of sarcopenia have rarely been explored, yet understanding these will be key for successful translation of sarcopenia research findings into meaningful benefits for patients and the public. This scoping review aimed to explore how sarcopenia is perceived amongst patients, health and care professionals (HCP), and the public in different countries.

Methods: Seven electronic databases were searched from inception up to December 2023 with no geographical or language limitations.

Pre-Transplant Immune Dysregulation Predicts for Poor Outcome Following Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Adolescents and Adults with Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI).

Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) is safe and effective for adolescents and adults with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) with severe disease manifestations of their disease. The haematopoietic cell transplantation comorbidity index (HCT-CI) score predicts transplant survival in non-malignant diseases, including IEIs. We hypothesised that immune dysregulation pre-transplant may also influence transplant outcomes.

Social jetlag and sleep habits in children and adolescents: Associations with autonomy (bedtime setting and electronics curfew) and electronic media use before sleep.

For young people attending school, social jetlag (SJL) refers to discrepancy in sleep/wake timing between school days and weekends. This study investigated SJL in school-aged children and adolescents in England and whether this is associated with age, gender, and sleep habits including bedtimes and electronic media use. Students (school y 5-13; typical age 9-18 y) completed the 2021 OxWell Student Survey.

How do early weight trajectories explain social inequalities in lung function in children with cystic fibrosis? A longitudinal interventional disparity effects analysis with time-varying mediators and intermediate confounders.

Background: Children with cystic fibrosis (CF) from socioeconomically deprived areas have poorer growth, worse lung function, and shorter life expectancy than their less-deprived peers. While early growth is associated with lung function around age 6, it is unclear whether improving early growth in the most deprived children reduces inequalities in lung function.

Methods: We used data from the UK CF Registry, tracking children born 2000-2010 up to 2016.

Validation of the International Trauma Interview (ITI) among treatment-seeking people with adverse childhood experiences in South Korea.

The International Trauma Interview (ITI) is a clinician-administered assessment that has been newly developed for the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) diagnoses of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD). The current study evaluated the psychometric properties of the ITI for treatment-seeking people with adverse childhood experiences (ACE) in South Korea, with the aims of verifying the validity and reliability of ITI as well as examining the differentiation of ICD-11 CPTSD and borderline personality disorder (BPD). In total, data of 103 people were analysed.

Reduced Thermal Conductivity and Improved Stability by B-Site Doping in Tin Halide Perovskites.

Halide perovskites have attracted recent attention as thermoelectric materials due to their low thermal conductivity combined with good charge transport characteristics. The tin halide perovskites hold the highest within metal halide perovskites and offer lower toxicity than lead-containing perovskites that are well-known for photovoltaics. In this study, we partially substitute Sn (II) with Ge (II) to form mixed metal CsSnGeI perovskite thin films that have substantially improved stability, remaining in the black orthorhombic phase after hours of ambient air exposure.

Artificial intelligence and stroke imaging.

Purpose Of Review: Though simple in its fundamental mechanism - a critical disruption of local blood supply - stroke is complicated by the intricate nature of the neural substrate, the neurovascular architecture, and their complex interactions in generating its clinical manifestations. This complexity is adequately described by high-resolution imaging with sensitivity not only to parenchymal macrostructure but also microstructure and functional tissue properties, in conjunction with detailed characterization of vascular topology and dynamics. Such descriptive richness mandates models of commensurate complexity only artificial intelligence could plausibly deliver, if we are to achieve the goal of individually precise, personalized care.

Perinatal outcomes among pregnant women living with HIV initiating antiretroviral therapy preconception and antenatally: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Increasingly, pregnant women living with HIV (WLHIV) initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) before conception. We assessed the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes among pregnant WLHIV initiating ART preconception or antenatally, compared with women without HIV or ART-naïve WLHIV.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

IFN-α neutralizing antibodies distinguish LADA from early-onset type 1 diabetes.

Context: Autoantibodies against IFN-α (AAb-IFN-α) might be associated with the less aggressive autoimmunity in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) compared to early-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Objective: To investigate the presence and clinical relevance of the positivity to AAb-IFN-α in people with LADA compared to T1D.

Research Design And Methods: Serum levels of AAb against IFN-α isoforms were measured using a cell-based approach in 41 subjects with LADA and in 90 subjects with T1D.

Investigating the Role of TNF-Alpha through Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity in Stress-Induced Depression.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex psychiatric condition significantly impacted by environmental stress and inflammation. Previous research suggests that stress-induced alterations in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) may allow pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-6 (IL-6) to enter the brain, contributing to depression. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is another prominent cytokine implicated in depression, but its role in the context of BBB integrity and stress-mediated depression remains unclear.

Gallic acid-guar gum and chitosan-based polyelectrolyte complex film exhibited enhanced wound healing in full-thickness excision wound model.

Recently, there has been a great interest in the development of innovative wound dressing materials based on natural bioactives, as they can accelerate the healing process and address the issues related to traditional wound dressings. The current study focuses on developing a novel derivative of guar gum (GG) and gallic acid (GA) using a simple, free radical-mediated polymerization reaction aimed at enhancing the antioxidant properties of GG. Multiple spectroscopic investigations were performed to validate the GA-GG conjugate.

Unveiling the Truth of Interactions between Microplastics and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Wastewater Treatment Plants: Microplastics as a Carrier of PFASs and Beyond.

Microplastics (MPs) and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are ubiquitous contaminants in environments, yet their co-occurrence and interactions remain insufficiently understood. In this study, we confirmed the concurrent presence of MPs and PFASs and their distinct distribution patterns in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) through a comprehensive sampling and analysis effort. Significant correlations ( < 0.

Identifying Challenges Related to the Management of Comorbidities in People with Dementia in Residential Care: Expert Delphi Consensus Exercise.

Improving early detection, management, and treatment of comorbid conditions to dementia in residential care could slow down cognitive and functional decline, and increase residents' quality of life. We conducted a Delphi study comprising three rounds (two surveys and an interview) to identify the most difficult dementia comorbidities to deal with in residential care and related issues. Participants were 15 UK-based experts including academics, residential care workers, geriatricians, and neuropsychologists.

Association between body mass index and all-cause mortality in older people: A prospective analysis of the Chilean National Health Survey 2009-2010.

Unlabelled: There is a divergence in the results of studies that have explored the association between body mass index (BMI) and health outcomes in different contexts.

Aim: This study investigated the association between BMI and all-cause mortality in older Chilean people.

Methods: 1.