Affinity descriptor of metal catalysts: concept, measurement and application of oxygen affinity in the catalytic transformation of oxygenates.

Multiple oxygenate groups in biomass-based feedstocks are open to multiple catalytic pathways and products, typically resulting in low selectivity for the desired products. In this context, strategies for rational catalyst design are critical to obtain high selectivity for the desired products in biomass upgrading. The Sabatier principle provides a conceptual framework for designing optimal catalysts by following the volcanic relationship between catalyst activity for a reaction and the binding strength of a substrate on a catalyst.

Repurposing Linezolid in Conjunction with Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Access in the Realm of Glioblastoma Therapies.

Since decades after temozolomide was approved, no effective drugs have been developed. Undoubtedly, blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration is a severe issue that should be overcome in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) drug development. In this research, we were inspired by linezolid through structural modification with several bioactive moieties to achieve the desired brain delivery.

A new model of experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy using combination of multiple doses of anomer-equilibrated streptozotocin and high fat diet: sex matters.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to a more rapid development of DM cardiomyopathy (dbCM) and progression to heart failure in women than men. Combination of high-fat diet (HFD) and freshly-injected streptozotocin (STZ) has been widely used for DM induction, however emerging data shows that anomer-equilibrated STZ produces an early onset and robust DM model. We designed a novel protocol utilising a combination of multiple doses of anomer-equilibrated STZ injections and HFD to develop a stable murine DM model featuring dbCM analogous to humans.

Non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway activated NFATC3 promotes GDF15 expression in MASH: prospective analyses of UK biobank proteomic data.

Background: Our previous research demonstrated that growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) exhibited superior predictive capability for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) development with an AUC of 0.86 at 10 years before disease diagnosis. However, the specific pathways and molecular mechanisms associated with GDF15 expression during MASH development remain to be fully investigated in humans.

Optimising Instrumented Mouthguard Data Analysis: Video Synchronisation Using a Cross-correlation Approach.

Purpose: Head acceleration events (HAEs) are a growing concern in contact sports, prompting two rugby governing bodies to mandate instrumented mouthguards (iMGs). This has resulted in an influx of data imposing financial and time constraints. This study presents two computational methods that leverage a dataset of video-coded match events: cross-correlation synchronisation aligns iMG data to a video recording, by providing playback timestamps for each HAE, enabling analysts to locate them in video footage; and post-synchronisation event matching identifies the coded match event (e.

Diagnostic Certainty in Characterizing Liver Lesions in Rectal Cancer: Abbreviated Liver MRI versus CT.

Background: Early diagnosis of metastases is crucial but routine staging with contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography (ceMDCT) is suboptimal. A total of 20% will have indeterminate or too small to characterize (TSTC) liver lesions on CT, requiring formal characterization by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This UK cross-sectional study reports our experience undertaking routine abbreviated liver MRI (MRI).

The Role of Cross-Institutional and Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Defining and Executing a Quantitative Systems Pharmacology Strategy.

The application of quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) has enabled substantial progress and impact in many areas of therapeutic discovery and development. This new technology is increasingly accepted by industry, academia, and solution providers, and is enjoying greater interest from regulators. In this chapter, we summarize key aspects regarding how effective collaboration among institutions and disciplines can support the growth of QSP and expand its application domain.

[Next generation sequencing (NGS)-based molecular panel analysis for metastatic prostate cancer: how often can we detect druggable mutations? : NGS for metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate].

Introduction: Prostate cancer guidelines recommend molecular analysis of biomaterial following resistance to first-line systemic therapy in order to identify druggable mutations. We report on our results of molecular analysis of tissue specimens via next generation sequencing (NGS) in men with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Patients And Methods: In all, 311 mCRPC patients underwent NGS analysis from biopsy samples of progressive metastatic lesions or archival radical prostatectomy specimens.

"Update on pediatric primary liver tumors".

Liver masses are common in children, however primary malignant neoplasms are rare, representing only 1% of all pediatric cancers. Hepatocellular neoplasms are the most common primary liver malignancies and hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most frequently diagnosed. The incidence of HB, which is increasing, is approximately of 2 cases per million in the United States, followed by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Melanoma: Assessment and Management summary of 2022 update of the NICE guidelines.

Melanoma is the fifth most common skin cancer in the UK, accounting for 4% of all new cancer cases, with a predicted 7% increase in incidence between 2014-35. In parallel, since the initial publication of the Melanoma NICE Guidelines in 2015, there has been a paradigm shift in the management of the disease, with the introduction of effective systemic therapies. These innovations have reshaped the management of melanoma throughout the patient journey, and improved clinical outcomes.

Cytoophidium complexes resonate with cell fates.

Metabolism is a fundamental characteristic of life. In 2010, we discovered that the metabolic enzyme CTP synthase (CTPS) can assemble a snake like structure inside cells, which we call the cytoophidium. Including CTPS, an increasing number of metabolic enzymes have been found to form cytoophidia in cells.

The COVID-19 pandemic's impact on UK social workers working with people with learning disabilities: A mixed methods study.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health and wellbeing of social workers working with people with learning disabilities has not been fully explored. This paper reports findings from a large United Kingdom study that surveyed health and care workers in six phases of the pandemic and shortly thereafter (2020-23) relating to 310 social workers who worked with people with learning disabilities. Mann-Whitney U tests revealed that these social workers experienced a decline in wellbeing over the pandemic period, but this lessened as time passed.

COPD Airway Epithelial Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles Spread Cellular Senescence via MicroRNA-34a.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with the acceleration of lung aging, and the accumulation of senescent cells in lung tissue. MicroRNA (miR)-34a induces senescence by suppressing the anti-aging molecule, sirtuin-1 (SIRT1). Senescent cells spread senescence to neighbouring and distant cells, favouring COPD progression and its comorbidities.

Deletion of and genes in serovars induces a comparable immune response to wild-type infection in different chicken lineages.

It was previously reported that utilization of tetrathionate and 1,2-propanediol by spp. through the metabolic pathways encoded by and operons are related to overgrowth and out-competing microbiota in an anaerobic environment. However, recent knowledge demonstrated which strains in the absence of and genes provoke both higher intestinal colonization and spreading bacteria on faeces in relation to their respective wild-type strain, and generate more prominent inflammation as well.

XopAE Effector from pv. Targets HSP20-Like p23 Cochaperone to Suppress Plant Basal Immunity.

Pathogenic bacteria use Type 3 effector proteins to manipulate host defenses and alter metabolism to favor their survival and spread. The non-model bacterial pathogen pv. () causes devastating disease in cassava.

MOMENT registry: Patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer harboring exon 14 skipping treated with systemic therapy.

exon 14 ex14) skipping occurs in 3-4% of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases. Low frequency of this alteration necessitated open-label, single-arm trials to investigate MET inhibitors. Since broad MET biomarker testing was only recently introduced in many countries, there is a lack of historical real-world data from patients with ex14 skipping NSCLC receiving conventional therapies.

Rapid and Sustained Resolution of Peristomal Pyoderma Gangrenosum With Aerosol Steroid Treatment.

Background: Peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum (PPG) is a non-infectious neutrophilic dermatosis most commonly seen in the context of ostomies in inflammatory bowel disease. The lack of established treatment guidelines and high-quality evidence in the form of randomized controlled trials present a major challenge in PPG management, owing to the rarity of the condition. Treatment can be further complicated by difficulties in maintaining the stoma pouch seal with conventional topical corticosteroids.

Reusable Intermittent Catheters are Acceptable but Product Innovation is Needed: An Interview Study of Catheter Users' Experiences.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of intermittent catheter users after using both reusable and single-use catheters, with a particular focus on factors that affected acceptability.

Design: Qualitative descriptive study following a clinical trial.

Participants And Setting: Thirty-six participants who had used both reusable and single-use catheters in a clinical trial were interviewed between June 2022 and March 2024.

Parents' lived experience of support through their neonate's end of life and grief journey: An interpretative phenomenology study.

Medical and pharmacological advancements have influenced the ability to treat acutely ill neonates. However, complications of prematurity mean that death is unpreventable in some cases. The aim of this study was to explore parents' lived experiences of end of life care and their perceptions of support needs during and following the death of their baby in neonatal intensive care units in the United Kingdom.

Gesture screening in young infants: Highly sensitive to risk factors for communication delay.

Introduction: Children's early language and communication skills are efficiently measured using parent report, for example, communicative development inventories (CDIs). These have scalable potential to determine risk of later language delay, and associations between delay and risk factors such as prematurity and poverty. However, there may be measurement difficulties in parent reports, including anomalous directions of association between child age/socioeconomic status and reported language.

The Influence of Sex, Fitness, BMI, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Cerebral Blood Velocity Responsiveness to Graded Exercise Testing in Middle-Aged Adults.

Mean middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv) and the pulsatility index (PI), at rest and in response to exercise, are important markers of cerebrovascular health status in middle-aged adults, when vascular decline assumes substantial relevance. Thus, this study aimed to describe and compare the responses of MCAv and PI to incremental exercise. Two hundred and forty-eight volunteers (50-58 years, 55% women) completed a ramp test on a cycle-ergometer.