1,642,594 results match your criteria: "UK; Cleveland Clinic[Affiliation]"
Addict Behav Rep
June 2025
School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.
Background: To address high levels of drug-related harms among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Glasgow, a novel contingency management intervention was developed to engage high-risk PWID with four harm reduction measures (known as the WAND initiative: ound care, ssessment of injecting, aloxone, and ried blood-spot test). Our aims were to assess if WAND engaged and re-engaged high-risk PWID.
Methods: Baseline data of WAND participants (n = 831) from 1st Sept-2020 to 30th Aug-2021 were analysed.
While "complexity science" has achieved significant successes in several interdisciplinary fields such as economics and biology, it is only a very recent observation that legal systems -from the way legal texts are drafted and connected to the rest of the corpus, up to the level of how judges and courts reach decisions under a variety of conflicting inputs- share several features with standard Complex Adaptive Systems. This review is meant as a gentle introduction to the use of quantitative tools and techniques of complexity science to describe, analyse, and tame the complex web of human interactions that the Law is supposed to regulate. We offer an overview of the main directions of research undertaken so far as well as an outlook for future research, and we argue that statistical physicists and complexity scientists should not ignore the opportunities offered by the cross-fertilisation between legal scholarship and complex-systems modelling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Chem Chem Phys
January 2025
The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China.
At present, the modification of palladium (Pd) catalysts is an important topic due to its potential to enhance catalytic performance and reduce catalyst costs. In this work, boron (B) and carbon (C) are interstitially doped into the subsurface of Pd to construct PdB and PdC catalysts. The adsorption properties of acetylene and ethylene, the mechanism of acetylene hydrogenation, and ethylene selectivity are studied based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Soc Rev
January 2025
Birmingham Centre for Energy Storage & School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, UK.
This review explores the behavior of low-concentration CO (LCC) in various energy media, such as solid adsorbents, liquid absorbents, and catalytic surfaces. It delves into the mechanisms of diffusion, adsorption, and catalytic reactions, while analyzing the potential applications and challenges of these properties in technologies like air separation, compressed gas energy storage, and CO catalytic conversion. Given the current lack of comprehensive analyses, especially those encompassing multiscale studies of LCC behavior, this review aims to provide a theoretical foundation and data support for optimizing CO capture, storage, and conversion technologies, as well as guidance for the development and application of new materials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
January 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
Bismuth-layered ferroelectric nanomaterials exhibit great potential for piezo-photocatalysis. However, a major challenge lies in the difficulty of recovering the catalytic powders, raising concerns regarding secondary pollution of water. In this work, a novel hierarchical porous ferroelectric ceramic containing {110} surface-exposed BiNdTiO (BIT-Nd) nanosheet arrays is grown on a porous ceramic matrix for efficient and recyclable piezo-photocatalysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStroke
January 2025
Department of Experimental Neurology, Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany (M.F., S.B., S.M., K.W., M.E., A.M., U.D., C.S.).
Background: Contrary to the common belief, the most commonly used laboratory C57BL/6J mouse inbred strain presents a distinctive genetic and phenotypic variability, and for several traits, the genotype-phenotype link remains still unknown. Recently, we characterized the most important stroke survival factor such as brain collateral plasticity in 2 brain ischemia C57BL/6J mouse models (bilateral common carotid artery stenosis and middle cerebral artery occlusion) and observed a Mendelian-like fashion of inheritance of the posterior communicating artery (PcomA) patency. Interestingly, a copy number variant (CNV) spanning locus was reported to segregate in an analogous Mendelian-like pattern in the C57BL/6J colonies of the Jackson Laboratory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Neurosci
January 2025
European Brain Council, Brussels, Belgium.
Good brain health plays a significant role in an individual's well-being and profoundly impacts the collective economy and society. Brain development does not stop at birth, and some aspects continue throughout childhood and adolescence, allowing the full development of cognitive functions. Different determinants related to physical health, healthy environments, safety and security, life-long learning and social connection as well as access to quality services influence the way our brains develop, adapt and respond to stress and adversity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioethics
January 2025
Ethox Centre, Nuffield Department for Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Recent literature has drawn attention to the complex relationship between health care and the environmental crisis. Healthcare systems are significant contributors to climate change and environmental degradation, and the environmental crisis is making our health worse and thus putting more pressure on healthcare systems; our health and the environment are intricately linked. In light of this relationship, we might think that there are no trade-offs between health and the environment; that healthcare decision-makers have special responsibilities to the environment; and that environmental values should be included in healthcare resource-allocation decisions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis analysis assessed the relationship between the plasma concentrations of loperamide and its N-desmethyl loperamide meta- bolite (M1) and the potential QT interval prolongation at therapeutic and supratherapeutic doses. The exposure-response analysis was performed using the data from healthy adults participating in a randomized, double-blind, single-dose, four-way (placebo; loperamide 8 mg [therapeutic]; loperamide 48 mg [supratherapeutic]; moxifloxacin 400 mg [positive control]) crossover study. The electrocardiographic measurements extracted from 12-lead digital Holter recordings were time-matched to pharmacokinetic sampling of loperamide/M1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Endocrinol (Oxf)
January 2025
Newcastle Renal Services, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.
BJPsych Open
January 2025
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Background: Racism is increasingly recognised as a key contributor to poor mental health. However, the existing literature primarily focuses on its effects on adults.
Aim: To identify literature on the association between experiences of racism and mental health in children and young people in the UK.
Aims And Method: This study explored the association among dissociative experiences, recovery from psychosis and a range of factors relevant to psychosis and analysed whether dissociative experiences (compartmentalisation, detachment and absorption) could be used to predict specific stages of recovery. A cross-sectional design was used, and 75 individuals with psychosis were recruited from the recovery services of the Gloucestershire Health and Care NHS Foundation Trust. Five questionnaires were used - the Dissociative Experiences Scale - II (DES), Detachment and Compartmentalisation Inventory (DCI), Questionnaire about the Process of Recovery, Stages of Recovery Instrument (STORI), and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale - and a proforma was used to collect demographic data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Biol
January 2025
1School of Natural Sciences, Brambell Laboratories, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK.
The allatostatin (AST) family of neuropeptides are widespread in arthropods. The multitude of structures and pleiotropic actions reflect the tremendous morphological, physiological and behavioral diversity of the phylum. Regarding the AST-C (with C-terminal PISCF motif) peptides, crustaceans commonly express three (AST-C, -CC, -CCC) that have likely arisen by gene duplication.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
Clinical Research Center, Postdoctoral Station of Clinical Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, P. R. China.
Vascular calcification is a highly regulated process in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is strongly correlated with morbidity and mortality, especially in the adverse stage of vascular remodeling after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). However, the pathogenesis of vascular graft calcification, particularly the role of endothelial-smooth muscle cell interaction, is still unclear. To test how ECs interact with SMCs in artery grafts, single-cell analysis of wild-type mice is first performed using an arterial isograft mouse model and found robust cytokine-mediated signaling pathway activation and SMC proliferation, together with upregulated endothelial tripartite motif 35 (TRIM35) expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Screen
January 2025
Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Background: Low-dose computed tomography screening reduces lung cancer-specific mortality in high-risk individuals. Lung cancer risk factors overlap with comorbid diseases, highlighting the significance of frailty and comorbidities for lung cancer screening (LCS). Here, we describe the prevalence of frailty and comorbidity in those invited for LCS and evaluate their associations with response to telephone risk assessment invitation and subsequent uptake of LCS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViolence Against Women
January 2025
College of Law and Governance, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
This study examines the critical roles of women in post-conflict peace-building, with a particular focus on the Guji-Gedio conflict in southern Ethiopia. Using a qualitative research approach that integrates primary and secondary data, the study draws insights from 61 participants through key informant interviews, in-depth discussions with community members, and focus group sessions with women. The findings reveal that, despite enduring significant hardships during conflict, women's contributions to peace-building are severely restricted by entrenched patriarchal norms, traditional gender expectations, and limited access to education.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrends Hear
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Noise and Vibration Research, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Wide dynamic range compression (WDRC) and noise reduction both play important roles in hearing aids. WDRC provides level-dependent amplification so that the level of sound produced by the hearing aid falls between the hearing threshold and the highest comfortable level of the listener, while noise reduction reduces ambient noise with the goal of improving intelligibility and listening comfort and reducing effort. In most current hearing aids, noise reduction and WDRC are implemented sequentially, but this may lead to distortion of the amplitude modulation patterns of both the speech and the noise.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiol Young
January 2025
Adult Congenital Heart Centre and National Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St Thomas's NHS Foundation Trust, Imperial College, London, UK.
We present the case of a 31-year-old female with Fontan circulation who developed signs of protein-losing enteropathy 10 days after second COVID-19 vaccination. After standard investigations for identification of potential triggers for protein-losing enteropathy, we concluded that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) booster vaccination could have been the most probable underlying trigger. Prompt investigation of new symptoms post-vaccination in high-risk patients is necessary.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPalliat Support Care
January 2025
Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António, ICBAS Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Objectives: More than 50% of patients with dementia visit the emergency department (ED) each year. Patients with dementia experience frequently unrelieved symptoms that can benefit from . Response to needs in the ED can be quite challenging and access to is generally scarce.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Psychiatry
January 2025
Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK.
Nurs Stand
January 2025
programme leader BSc (Hons) Nutrition, Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, England.
Iron deficiency anaemia develops when there is not enough iron in the body to sustain normal red blood cell production. It is a major cause of morbidity worldwide and is linked to a range of comorbid conditions, including gastrointestinal cancer. In the UK, iron deficiency anaemia is the most common cause of anaemia identified in primary care and is estimated to affect 3% of men and 8% of women.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Neuropsychol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Boston University CTE Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Exposure to repetitive head impacts (RHI), such as those experienced in American football, is linked to cognitive dysfunction later in life. Traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES) is a proposed clinical syndrome thought to be linked to neuropath-ology of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a condition associated with RHI from football. Cognitive intra-individual variability (d-CIIV) measures test-score dispersion, indicating cognitive dysfunction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain
January 2025
Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Brain
January 2025
Medical Research Council Prion Unit, University College London Institute of Prion Diseases, London, W1W 7FF, UK.
Prions are assemblies of misfolded prion protein that cause several fatal and transmissible neurodegenerative diseases, with the most common phenotype in humans being sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD). Aside from variation of the prion protein itself, molecular risk factors are not well understood. Prion and prion-like mechanisms are thought to underpin common neurodegenerative disorders meaning that the elucidation of mechanisms could have broad relevance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.