Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking Superconductivity in HfRhGe: A Noncentrosymmetric Weyl Semimetal.

Weyl semimetals are a novel class of topological materials with unique electronic structures and distinct properties. HfRhGe stands out as a noncentrosymmetric Weyl semimetal with unconventional superconducting characteristics. Using muon-spin rotation and relaxation (µSR) spectroscopy and thermodynamic measurements, a fully gapped superconducting state is identified in HfRhGe that breaks time-reversal symmetry at the superconducting transition.

Impact of Climate Change on Adolescents' Health Outcomes: An Evidence Gap Map Review.

Background: The evolving impact of climate change on adolescents' health is a pressing global concern. Climate change's effects on their physical, mental, and social well-being worsen unique developmental challenges for adolescents. This study aims to map existing evidence, identify gaps, and highlight research and intervention needs.

Probing Out-Of-Plane Charge Transport in Organic Semiconductors Using Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy.

High contact resistance remains the primary obstacle that hinders further advancements of organic semiconductors (OSCs) in electronic circuits. While significant effort has been directed toward lowering the energy barrier at OSC/metal contact interfaces, approaches toward reducing another major contributor to overall contact resistance - the bulk resistance - have been limited to minimizing the thickness of OSC films. However, the out-of-plane conductivity of OSCs, a critical aspect of bulk resistance, has largely remained unaddressed.

Adolescents Are More Utilitarian Than Adults in Group Moral Decision-Making.

This study explores how peers influence the moral decisions of Chinese adolescents (12- to 16-year-olds, M = 14.32, n = 84) and young adults (18- to 26-year-olds, M = 20.92, n = 99) in moral dilemmas.

Achieving malaria-free: Egypt's journey to WHO certification and global implications for disease control.

Egypt's recent malaria-free certification by the World Health Organization (WHO) marks a significant achievement in public health, underscoring the effectiveness of sustained national efforts in disease eradication. This milestone, achieved after nearly a century of strategic intervention, highlights the importance of integrated public health programmes and cross-sector collaboration. Egypt's journey involved early initiatives to reduce human-mosquito contact, the establishment of malaria control stations, and comprehensive outbreak management strategies.

Experience of the menopause transition in Irish women and how it impacts motivators, facilitators, and barriers to physical activity engagement.

Background: Research shows a decline in physical activity (PA) in women during the menopause transition (MT). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore experiences of the MT in Irish women and how it impacts motivators, facilitators, and barriers to PA engagement.

Methods: Twelve Irish women (age: 49 ± 4 years) who were in the MT participated in individual, online, semi-structured interviews.

Access to specialist plastic surgery in rural vs. Urban areas of Africa.

Introduction: Plastic surgery is an essential yet underdeveloped field in many African nations, especially in rural areas. The demand for plastic surgery is increasing, but differences in access to respective services between rural and urban domiciles remain ever existent, despite the exponentiation of trauma, burns, and congenital disorders. According to this review, urban areas have access to better facilities and specialized surgeons, while rural areas frequently lack infrastructure, educated healthcare personnel, and medical resources.

Do adolescents with different types and degrees of idiopathic scoliosis curves differ in postural control compared to their healthy peers? a cross-sectional study.

Background: Numerous scoliosis research studies have investigated postural control changes in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis and compared them to healthy controls. However, the results have been controversial. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare whether postural control in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients is different from their age-matched healthy counterparts.

Experience of primary dental care teams in managing the oral health of oncology patients.

Background: Estimates suggest that one in two people will experience cancer in their lifetime. Cancer and the treatment of cancer can have several impacts on oral health. It is therefore important that dental teams are supported in managing this group of patients especially in primary care dental settings, where most of these patients will first present to dental services.

"I have never felt so alone and vulnerable" - A qualitative study of bereaved people's experiences of end-of-life cancer care during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Background: COVID-19 drastically affected healthcare services world-wide. In the UK, many cancer services were overwhelmed as oncology staff were reassigned, and cancer diagnoses and treatments were delayed. The impact of these pressures on end-of-life care for patients with advanced cancer and their relatives is not well understood.

Child mortality in Eastern Ethiopia: acceptability of Postmortem minimally invasive tissue sampling in a predominantly muslim community.

Background: It is crucial to consider cultural, religious, and socio-behavioural factors that may influence the acceptability of Minimally Invasive Tissues Sampling (MITS). MITS is being used to understand the causes of child death and conducted in nine countries within Africa and South Asia with the highest child mortality. Progress has been made in the development of laboratory infrastructures and training for physicians to do MITS, but many communities are concerned about the religious acceptability of taking samples from deceased children.

A reflection on paradigmatic tensions within the FDA advisory committee for MDMA-assisted therapy.

The recent rejection of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted therapy by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is a dramatic moment in the re-emergence of psychedelic research.

Role of irradiated and un-irradiated alginate as edible coating in physicochemical and nutritional quality of cherry tomato.

Background: Fresh vegetables are commodities that have a high tendency to deteriorate after harvest, causing significant losses in economic and environmental costs associated with plant food loss. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the effects of both un-irradiated (UISA) and irradiated sodium alginate (ISA) as an edible coating for preserving cherry tomato fruits under storage conditions. The FTIR, XRD, TGA, SEM, and TEM were used to characterize the UISA and ISA (25, 50, 75, and 100 kGy), which demonstrated that the alginate polymer was degraded and low molecular-weight polysaccharides were formed as a result of irradiation, particularly with the 100 kGy dose level.

Differences between neonatal units with high and low rates of breast milk feeding for very preterm babies at discharge: a qualitative study of staff experiences.

Background: Breast milk has significant benefits for preterm babies, but 'very preterm' babies are unable to feed directly from the breast at birth. Their mothers have to initiate and sustain lactation through expressing milk for tube feeding until their babies are developmentally ready to feed orally. There are wide disparities between neonatal units in England in rates of breast milk feeding at discharge.

Impact of dementia and mild cognitive impairment on bone health in older people.

Mild cognitive impairment, dementia and osteoporosis are common diseases of ageing and, with the increasingly ageing global population, are increasing in prevalence. These conditions are closely associated, with shared risk factors, common underlying biological mechanisms and potential direct causal pathways. In this review, the epidemiological and mechanistic links between mild cognitive impairment, dementia and skeletal health are explored.

A Multilayer Network Model for Motor Competence from the View of the Science of Complexity.

Motor competence is related to a large number of correlates of different natures, forming together a system with flexible parts that are synergically and cooperatively connected to produce a wide range of motor outcomes that cannot be explained from a predetermined linear view or a unique mechanism. The diversity of interacting correlates, the various connections between them, and the fast changes between assessments at different time points are clear barriers to the study of motor competence. In this manuscript, we present a multilayer framework that accounts for the theoretical background and the potential mathematical procedures necessary to represent the non-linear, complex, and dynamic relationships between several underlying correlates that emerge as a motor competence network.

The causal association between asthma and the risk of frailty: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The correlation between asthma and frailty is increasingly garnering attention. The association between asthma and frailty remains inconclusive in observational studies, and the causality of this relationship still needs to be established.

Aims: Therefore, we employed two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses using genetic instruments to determine the causal association of asthma on frailty.

How are patient inputs considered in HTA? A thematic document analysis of NICE ultra-rare disease appraisals.

Patient organisations are increasingly involved in HTA. Given this, it is important to understand what these organisations contribute and how their voices are accounted for in the decision-making process. This study characterises inputs from patient organisations and/or their nominated patient experts in technology appraisals for ultra-rare diseases in England and Wales and seeks to understand how these are considered in NICE final recommendations.

Centenarians-the way to healthy vascular ageing and longevity: a review from VascAgeNet.

The prevalence of centenarians, people who lived 100 years and longer, is steadily growing in the last decades. This exceptional longevity is based on multifaceted processes influenced by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as sex, (epi-)genetic factors, gut microbiota, cellular metabolism, exposure to oxidative stress, immune status, cardiovascular risk factors, environmental factors, and lifestyle behavior. Epidemiologically, the incidence rate of cardiovascular diseases is reduced in healthy centenarians along with late onset of age-related diseases compared with the general aged population.

VZV IE4 downregulates cellular surface MHC-I via sequestering it to the Golgi complex.

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection downregulates surface major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) expression and retains MHC-I in the Golgi complex of infected cells. However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. The VZV IE4 protein is a multifunctional protein that is essential for VZV infection.

Love as a Commitment Device : Evidence from a Cross-Cultural Study across 90 Countries.

Given the ubiquitous nature of love, numerous theories have been proposed to explain its existence. One such theory refers to love as a commitment device, suggesting that romantic love evolved to foster commitment between partners and enhance their reproductive success. In the present study, we investigated this hypothesis using a large-scale sample of 86,310 individual responses collected across 90 countries.

Risk factors and surgical outcomes in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease and ischemic colitis.

Introduction: This study investigates risk factors and surgical outcomes in pediatric patients with congenital heart defects (CHD) who develop ischemic colitis (IC). Previous research indicates a higher IC risk in very low birth weight neonates with CHD.

Methods: A retrospective analysis compared an IC-CHD group to a CHD-only group.

Fast detection of protein kinase B in chrysin treated colorectal cancer cells using a novel multicore microfiber biosensor.

Rapid and accurate determination of target proteins in cells provide essential diagnostic information for early detection of diseases, evaluation of drug responses, and the study of pathophysiological mechanisms. Traditional Western blotting method has been used for the determination, but it is complex, time-consuming, and semi-quantitative. Here, a tapered seven-core fiber (TSCF) biosensor was designed and fabricated.