Optimal exercise dose-response improves health-related quality of life in cancer survivors: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of RCTs.

Objective: Cancer survivors often face significant health-related quality of life (HRQoL) challenges. Although exercise has been proven to improve HRQoL in cancer survivors, the optimal dose and intensity of exercise for this population has not been fully determined. Adherence to exercise may vary based on exercise intensity, affecting results.

High-risk medication errors: Insight from the UK National Reporting and learning system.

Background: Ensuring patient safety is of paramount importance in healthcare systems. Rising concerns about medical errors in the UK have necessitated a greater focus on studying the nature of such errors, particularly those involving high-risk medications.

Objectives: To conduct a retrospective analysis of incidents related to patient safety in the UK based on data from the National Rporting and Learning System (NRLS).

Acceptability of human papillomavirus vaccination in the United Kingdom: a systematic review of the literature on uptake of, and barriers and facilitators to HPV vaccination.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide, with HPV and HPV-related diseases representing a substantial disease burden. HPV vaccination has reduced HPV infections and HPV-related diseases; however, there is growing evidence of delayed or refused vaccination due to a lack of trust in vaccines. Understanding the factors that impact vaccine uptake will allow the development and implementation of successful vaccination programmes.

Patient Experience and Satisfaction With Chiropractic Care: A Systematic Review.

Despite numerous studies that measure satisfaction in patients undergoing chiropractic care, these have not yet been systematically summarized. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of existing literature to identify factors that contribute to high levels of satisfaction in chiropractic care. A comprehensive search was conducted to identify quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-methods studies exploring patient experience with chiropractic care.

Proteomics-Based Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Levels Are Associated With Incident Heart Failure Risk.

Background: Higher soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) levels are associated with adverse outcomes in chronic heart failure (HF).

Objectives: The authors assessed the association between proteomics-based suPAR levels and incident HF risk in the general population.

Methods: In 40,418 UK Biobank participants without HF or coronary artery disease at enrollment, the association between Olink-based suPAR levels measured as relative protein expression levels and incident all-cause, ischemic, and nonischemic HF was analyzed by competing-risk regression, while accounting for all-cause death as a competing risk.

Genetically encoded biosensors for the circular plastics bioeconomy.

Current plastic production and consumption routes are unsustainable due to impact upon climate change and pollution, and therefore reform across the entire value chain is required. Biotechnology offers solutions for production from renewable feedstocks, and to aid end of life recycling/upcycling of plastics. Biology sequence/design space is complex requiring high-throughput analytical methods to facilitate the iterative optimisation, design-build, test-learn (DBTL), cycle of Synthetic Biology.

Accountability and objectivity: Humanitarian narratives at the intersection of evidence and localisation.

In the last decade, there has been a push for greater evidence-based practice within the humanitarian sector, alongside an increasing turn towards localising humanitarian assistance. Humanitarian actors and organisations have been increasing their production and use of evidence, while also being encouraged to reflect more critically on power hierarchies and decolonise humanitarian aid. This paper explores the intersection of these two narratives, examining how the use of evidence in humanitarian decision-making fits within a localisation agenda.

The ADHD Assessment Quality Assurance Standard for Children and Teenagers (CAAQAS).

Around 5% of the children and teenagers worldwide are affected by Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder [ADHD], making it a major public health concern. Recently, demand for assessments has substantially increased, putting strain on healthcare and waiting lists. There is concern that pressure to clear service bottlenecks is leading to variable quality and reliability of ADHD assessments in this population.

Physiological and clinical parameters under different protocols of total intravenous anesthesia in llama () undergoing unilateral ovariectomy.

Background: The limited and detailed literature on total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA), as well as the clinical indications for unilateral ovariectomy in llamas, are not well-defined. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the anesthetic events and the surgical intervention in this species.

Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the intraoperative physiological and clinical parameters in llamas undergoing unilateral ovariectomy, under three protocols of TIVA.

Spatio-temporal dynamics and risk cluster analysis of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) in poultry: Advancing outbreak management through customized regional strategies in Egypt.

Background: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) (H5N1) has been endemic in Egypt for almost two decades, profoundly impacting both the poultry industry and public health. Egypt stands as a prominent epicenter for HPAI H5N1 outbreaks in Africa, marked by the highest number of positive human cases. Despite continuous governmental efforts, prior research underscored the inadequacy of strategies in controlling the virus spread.

Determining effective dietary and ruminal fermentation parameters on live weight gain in diets formulated with selected agro-industrial by-products and their validation in performance fattening lambs.

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary agro-industrial by-products (AIBP) with different amounts of metabolizable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) on fermentation (96 h) and gas production (GP) kinetics in vitro, as well as acceptability, animal performance, digestibility, and blood parameters in lambs. The gas production technique (GPT) and fermentation characteristics were used in an in vitro trial. This experiment used diets with ME contents of 6.

Blood component therapy for dry eye disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Objective: Blood component therapy has shown promising potential as an emerging treatment for dry eye disease; however, it remains unclear which specific blood component is the most effective. This study aims to compare the efficacy of different blood components in the treatment of dry eye disease through a network meta-analysis, with the goal of providing the latest and most reliable evidence for clinical practice.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, and Scopus databases, with the search concluding on June 1, 2024.

Numbness on the Medical Take: An Atypical Presentation of Guillain-Barre Syndrome With Unilateral Paraesthesia and Rapid Progression to Bulbar Palsy: A Case Report.

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is characterized classically by progressive and symmetrical motor weakness and areflexia. We describe a case of GBS with initially preserved reflexes and power, leading to delayed diagnosis, who latterly required urgent ventilator support and plasmapharesis to highlight the importance of considering atypical presentations of this common condition.

Sepsis in a 9-Month-Old Female Infant: A Case Report.

Grimontia hollisae, an uncommon cause of sepsis, was identified in a 9-month-old infant in Africa without confirmed seafood consumption. Prompt diagnosis through blood culture and targeted antibiotic therapy ensured recovery, emphasizing the need for increased awareness, enhanced diagnostic tools, and active monitoring of emerging pathogens in tropical and resource-limited regions. We present a case report involving a 9-month-old infant who exhibited symptoms of acute gastroenteritis.

The cadenza woodwind dataset: Synthesised quartets for music information retrieval and machine learning.

This paper presents the Cadenza Woodwind Dataset. This publicly available data is synthesised audio for woodwind quartets including renderings of each instrument in isolation. The data was created to be used as training data within Cadenza's second open machine learning challenge (CAD2) for the task on rebalancing classical music ensembles.

The characteristic expression of circulating in osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the characteristics of the circulating microRNA expression profiles in patients with osteoporosis.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP, and WANFANG databases from inception until 1 March 2024. The search strategy employed keywords, encompassing "osteoporosis", "bone loss", or "osteopenia" and "miRNA" or "microRNA".

Functional screening identifies miRNAs with a novel function inhibiting Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell proliferation.

Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) is a crucial contributor to pathological vascular remodelling. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are powerful gene regulators and attractive therapeutic agents. Here, we aim to systematically identify and characterise miRNAs with therapeutic potential in targeting vSMC proliferation.

Insights into the biology and insecticide susceptibility of the secondary malaria vector Anopheles parensis in an area with long-term use of insecticide-treated nets in northwestern Tanzania.

Background: The Anopheles funestus group includes at least 11 sibling species, with Anopheles funestus Giles being the most studied and significant malaria vector. Other species, like Anopheles parensis, are understudied despite their potential role in transmission. This article provides insights into the biology and insecticide susceptibility of An.

Beyond reliability: assessing rater competence when using a behavioural marker system.

Background: Behavioural marker systems are used across several healthcare disciplines to assess behavioural (non-technical) skills, but rater training is variable, and inter-rater reliability is generally poor. Inter-rater reliability provides data about the tool, but not the competence of individual raters. This study aimed to test the inter-rater reliability of a new behavioural marker system (PhaBS - pharmacists' behavioural skills) with clinically experienced faculty raters and near-peer raters.

Comparison of models to predict incident chronic liver disease: a systematic review and external validation in Chinese adults.

Background: Risk prediction models can identify individuals at high risk of chronic liver disease (CLD), but there is limited evidence on the performance of various models in diverse populations. We aimed to systematically review CLD prediction models, meta-analyze their performance, and externally validate them in 0.5 million Chinese adults in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB).

Attractive targeted sugar baits for malaria control in western Kenya (ATSB-Kenya): enrolment characteristics of cohort children and households.

Background: In western Kenya, a cluster-randomized trial is assessing the impact of attractive targeted sugar baits (ATSBs) on malaria in children enrolled in three consecutive cohorts. Here, characteristics of children and households at enrolment, and factors associated with baseline malaria prevalence are described.

Methods: Children aged 1 to < 15 years were randomly selected by cluster (n = 70) from a census database.

Impaired pulmonary function increases the risk of gout: evidence from a large cohort study in the UK Biobank.

Background: Pulmonary function is increasingly recognized as a key factor in metabolic diseases. However, its link to gout risk remains unclear. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between pulmonary function and the risk of developing gout and the underlying biological mechanisms.

G-cleave LC3B biosensor: monitoring autophagy and assessing resveratrol's synergistic impact on doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells.

Autophagy, a crucial process in cancer, is closely intertwined with both tumor progression and drug resistance development. However, existing methods used to assess autophagy activity often pose invasiveness and time-related constraints, limiting their applicability in preclinical drug investigations. In this study, we developed a non-invasive autophagy detection system (NIADS-autophagy, also called G-cleave LC3B biosensor) by integrating a split-luciferase-based biosensor with an LC3B cleavage sequence, which swiftly identified classic autophagic triggers, such as Earle's Balanced Salt Solution and serum deprivation, through protease-mediated degradation pathways.