The Outsider Within. Anticolonial Critiques of Humanity and the Cosmopolitan Vision.

This article re-examines the anticolonial critique of the concept of 'humanity'. It uses the example of Leopold Senghor to show the extent to which this critique is shaped by their sociological marginality. Drawing on Georg Simmel's discussion of the 'stranger' and Patricia Hill Collins's discussion of the 'outsider within', the study rethinks the production of knowledge in racially structured societies.

Parents' wellbeing: perceptions of happiness and challenges in parenthood in Latin America.

Introduction: Traditional research on parenthood and wellbeing often employs a positivist perspective and focuses on non-LA samples -limiting our knowledge and understanding of the influence of cultural components such as Machismo and Marianismo, have in parents' wellbeing. This study explored how Latin American (LA) parents' wellbeing is influenced by parenthood in a culture strongly influenced by such gender-based perspectives.

Methods: An interpretative perspective was employed to qualitatively explore fifteen LA parents' lived experiences and data were analysed via Thematic Analysis.

Clinicians' Experiences of Eating Disorder Focused Family Therapy With Autistic Young People.

Objective: Eating disorder focused family therapy (FT-ED) is the leading outpatient intervention for adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa. Autistic people report poorer eating disorder treatment experiences and may be at increased risk of inpatient admissions. There is a need to consider adaptions to eating disorder treatment for this population.

Neighbourhood Effects Across Generations and the Reproduction of Inequality.

This paper analyses the enduring impact of neighbourhood deprivation on youth development, exploring multigenerational aspects often overlooked in existing research. I investigate how neighbourhood environments experienced across two generations impact youth outcomes, focussing on cognitive skills and socio-emotional behaviour. Using data from the 1958 National Child Development Study in the UK, this study employs a Regression with Residuals (RWR) design to comprehensively assess any long-lasting effects.

Assessing the impact of sewage and wastewater on antimicrobial resistance in nearshore Antarctic biofilms and sediments.

Background: Despite being recognised as a global problem, our understanding of human-mediated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) spread to remote regions of the world is limited. Antarctica, often referred to as "the last great wilderness", is experiencing increasing levels of human visitation through tourism and expansion of national scientific operations. Therefore, it is critical to assess the impact that these itinerant visitors have on the natural environment.

Autistic and transgender/gender diverse people's experiences of health and healthcare.

Background: Autistic people and transgender/gender diverse people experience poorer healthcare experiences and greater risk of diagnosed, suspected, and assessment recommended health conditions, compared to non-autistic and cisgender individuals, respectively. Despite this, there is a paucity of studies on the healthcare experiences and health outcomes of transgender/gender diverse autistic individuals.

Methods: We compared the healthcare experiences and health outcomes of cisgender autistic (n = 1094), transgender/gender diverse autistic (n = 174), and cisgender non-autistic adults (n = 1295) via an anonymous, self-report survey.

Association of socioeconomic status with diabetic microvascular complications: a UK Biobank prospective cohort study.

Background: Prior studies on the link between socioeconomic status (SES) and diabetic microvascular complications have been inconclusive. This study aimed to explore whether SES is associated with the risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR), nephropathy (DN) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) using large prospective cohort.

Methods: SES was evaluated using education attainment (individual level), household income (household level), and Townsend deprivation index (TDI, neighborhood level).

Next generation bioelectronic medicine: making the case for non-invasive closed-loop autonomic neuromodulation.

The field of bioelectronic medicine has advanced rapidly from rudimentary electrical therapies to cutting-edge closed-loop systems that integrate real-time physiological monitoring with adaptive neuromodulation. Early innovations, such as cardiac pacemakers and deep brain stimulation, paved the way for these sophisticated technologies. This review traces the historical and technological progression of bioelectronic medicine, culminating in the emerging potential of closed-loop devices for multiple disorders of the brain and body.

Insecticide resistant Anopheles from Ethiopia but not Burkina Faso show a microbiota composition shift upon insecticide exposure.

Background: Malaria remains a key contributor to mortality and morbidity across Africa, with the highest burden in children under 5. Insecticide-based vector control tools, which target the adult Anopheles mosquitoes, are the most efficacious tool in disease prevention. Due to the widespread use of these interventions, insecticide resistance to the most used classes of insecticides is now pervasive across Africa.

Barriers and drivers to exclusive breastfeeding in Kyrgyzstan: a qualitative study with mothers and health workers.

Background: The WHO/UNICEF global nutrition target for exclusive breastfeeding for six months is at least 70% of infants by 2030. However, global prevalence rates are 48% with variations between countries and within regions. Kyrgyzstan has consistently high early breastfeeding initiation rates, yet exclusive breastfeeding for six months is 46%.

Large simple randomized controlled trials-from drugs to medical devices: lessons from recent experience.

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the cornerstone of modern evidence-based medicine. They are considered essential to establish definitive evidence of efficacy and safety for new drugs, and whenever possible they should also be the preferred method for investigating new high-risk medical devices. Well-designed studies robustly inform clinical practice guidelines and decision-making, but administrative obstacles have made it increasingly difficult to conduct informative RCTs.

Reducing the risk of visual disability for children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis uveitis through disease surveillance: past and future challenges.

Childhood blindness significantly impacts development, education, employment, and mental health, creating burden for families and society. Between 8% and 30% of children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) develop a potentially blinding chronic inflammatory eye disease, uveitis (JIAU). Alongside the use of disease-modifying agents and anti-TNF immunomodulators, JIAU surveillance has helped to reduce the risk of JIAU related blindness.

Direct-acting oral anticoagulant removal by intraoperative hemoadsorption in CABG and/or single valve surgery: interim analysis of the International Safe and Timely Antithrombotic Removal (STAR) registry.

Objective: Patients on direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are at high risk of perioperative bleeding complications. Intraoperative hemoadsorption is a novel strategy to reduce perioperative bleeding in patients on DOACs undergoing non-deferable cardiac surgery. The international STAR-registry reports real-world clinical outcomes associated with this application.

Mixed vulnerabilities: the biological risk of high parity is aggravated by emergency referral in Benin, Malawi, Tanzania and Uganda.

Identification of interacting vulnerabilities is essential to reduce maternal and perinatal mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). High parity (≥ 5 previous births) is an underemphasized biological vulnerability linked to poverty and affecting a sizeable proportion of SSA births. Despite increased risk, high parity women rarely use hospitals for childbirth.

Addressing unmet mental health needs of older adults in Turbo, Colombia: a multi-component psychosocial intervention feasibility study.

Background: Older adults have lived through extreme and stressful live events in Colombia, including during the armed conflict. Without adequate mental health resources in place, the aim of this study was to feasibility test a co-produced community-integrated intervention for older adults to improve their mental health and well-being in Turbo, Colombia.

Methods: Based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of community-based mental health interventions for older adults in LMICs, qualitative interviews with older adults and local stakeholders, as well as a mental health needs assessment survey of the local older adult population in Turbo, Colombia, we consulted older adults in the region to co-produce a community-based intervention.

Improving diagnostics and surveillance of malaria among displaced people in Africa.

African communities that have been forced to leave their homes experience a considerably greater susceptibility to malaria as a result of densely populated living conditions, restricted availability of healthcare, and environmental influences. Internally displaced individuals frequently live in large settlements with restricted availability to drinking water, essential sanitation, and medical services, intensifying the spread of malaria. As a result, the occurrence of malaria is significantly more common among refugees and internally displaced individuals compared to those who are not displaced.

How do staff work in NHS hospital operations management meetings to support resilience in everyday service delivery? A qualitative study.

Background: Operations Management meetings in NHS hospitals provide an opportunity for operational and clinical staff to monitor demand and capacity and manage patient flow. These meetings play an important role in the achievement of resilient performance over time. However, little is known about the work that takes place within these meetings in the United Kingdom's National Health Service.

Lasater clinical judgment rubric in nursing education: a Turkish validity and reliability study.

Introduction: Gaining clinical judgment competence among student nurses is a significant outcome of nursing education. In this education process, an assessment tool based on observable behaviors is needed for evaluating students' clinical judgment skills.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric, which assesses student nurses' stages of clinical judgment competency in simulation-based education.

Full-length and N-terminally truncated recombinant interleukin-38 variants are similarly inefficient in antagonizing interleukin-36 and interleukin-1 receptors.

Background: Interleukin (IL)-38 is an IL-1 family cytokine that was proposed to exert anti-inflammatory effects. However, its mechanisms of action are not well understood and the identity of the IL-38 receptor(s) remains debated. Proposed candidates include the IL-1 receptor (IL-1R1), the IL-36 receptor (IL-36R) and the orphan receptor IL-1RAPL1.

After neonatal care, what next? A qualitative study of mothers' post-discharge experiences after premature birth in Kenya.

Background: Approximately 15 million babies are born prematurely every year worldwide. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and Asia account for more than half of the global preterm deliveries. Prominent healthcare structural and socio-economic factors in SSA, for example poverty and weak health systems, amplify vulnerabilities for mothers and premature babies; often leading to poor outcomes.

Additive interaction of conjoint tobacco smoking and heavy drinking on hypertension prevalence in rural Uganda: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Background: The prevalence of hypertension is high in Uganda, which places a significant burden on an already strained healthcare system. The behavioural risk factors, such as unhealthy diet, tobacco use, physical inactivity, and heavy drinking, contribute to hypertension development and complications. This study explored the associations of combined tobacco smoking and heavy alcohol consumption with existing hypertension in a community-based cross-sectional study conducted in two rural districts of Uganda.

Cost-effectiveness of decentralising acute malnutrition treatment with a standard or simplified treatment protocol: an economic evaluation in the region of Gao, Mali.

Background: Acute malnutrition treatment coverage remains low worldwide, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Decentralisation of treatment to Community Health Worker (CHW) sites has shown to be an effective strategy to improve access and increase coverage, but evidence on the cost and cost-effectiveness of this approach as well the use of simplified treatment protocols in conflict settings is lacking. The objective of this study was to determine cost per child treated as well as the cost-effectiveness of the hybrid model of treatment delivery (where treatment is provided at both health facilities and CHW sites) using either a standard protocol (Intervention 1) or simplified protocol (Intervention 2) compared to standard treatment at health facilities only (Control) in the conflict affected region of Gao in Northern Mali.

Combination therapy versus monotherapy: retrospective analysis of antibiotic treatment of enterococcal endocarditis.

Background: Guidelines suggest treating fully penicillin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis strains causing infective endocarditis with amoxicillin combined with gentamicin or ceftriaxone, but clinical evidence to support this practice is limited and monotherapy cohorts were excluded from studies. We describe antibiotic treatment, complications, and outcomes in patients with Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis, specifically comparing monotherapy versus combination therapy.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected cohort of patients with definite or possible infective endocarditis from 2 English centres between 2006 and 2021.

Experiences of change following a blended intervention for adults with ADHD and emotion dysregulation: a qualitative interview study.

Background: Emotion dysregulation commonly co-occurs with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), leading to a range of negative outcomes. While psychological interventions have shown promise in bringing about positive changes in emotional and cognitive domains, there is still limited knowledge on the subjective experiences of change among the participants in these interventions.

Aim: The present study explores the experiences of adults with ADHD who had participated in a blended digital and face-to-face intervention aimed at improving emotion dysregulation.