Orbital and Ocular Ischemic Syndrome With Blindness After Facial Filler Injection.

The authors herein describe a case of orbital and ocular ischemic syndrome with blindness after cosmetic hyaluronic acid filler injection. Orbital function, but not visual function, returned after treatment with orbital hyaluronidase and corticosteroids.

Bony Regrowth After Deep Lateral Orbital Decompression.

Purpose: To report on 2 cases of late bony regrowth with clinically apparent proptosis after deep lateral orbital decompression for thyroid orbitopathy.

Methods: A retrospective review of 2 cases identified by the authors as having late bony regrowth. The authors review the clinical, historical, radiologic, and anatomical findings and discuss the significance thereof.

Medial Buttressing in Orbital Blowout Fractures.

Purpose: To study whether ethmoidectomy predisposes the orbit to medial wall fracture with lesser trauma.

Methods: An interventional cadaver study of 5 heads (10 orbits); the left or right orbit was randomized to undergo endoscopic complete ethmoidectomy with the fellow orbit as control. Fractures were induced with direct globe trauma, and heads underwent CT scanning.

PERIVASCULAR GRANULOMATA IN THE RETINA DEMONSTRATED BY EN FACE OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY IN A PATIENT WITH BLAU SYNDROME.

Purpose: To describe the multimodal retinal imaging findings of a case of Blau syndrome.

Methods: Case report. The multimodal retinal imaging findings, including widefield angiography, cross-sectional and en face spectral domain optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography angiography, of a case of Blau syndrome are described.

Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomographic Angiography in Children With Amblyopia.

Importance: Amblyopia is the most common cause of visual impairment in childhood, with a prevalence of 1% to 4% in children in the United States. To date, no studies using noninvasive optical coherence tomographic angiography (OCTA) have measured blood flow in the retinal capillary layers in children with amblyopia.

Objective: To evaluate the retinal and microvascular features using OCTA in children (<18 years) with amblyopia.

Clinical and Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Appearance of Optic Disc Melanocytoma: A New Classification and Differentiation from Pigmented Choroidal Lesions.

Aims: The aim of this paper was to compare the features of both the classic, darkly pigmented and the atypical, more lightly pigmented optic disc melanocytoma with those of pigmented choroidal lesions.

Methods: We analyzed the spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) features of 9 eyes with optic disc melanocytoma and compared them with those of choroidal melanoma and nevus.

Results And Conclusion: We identified 2 categories of SD-OCT findings in optic disc melanocytoma: (a) type 1, the typical, prominent, hyperpigmented lesion with SD-OCT findings of a hyperreflective, disorganized overlying retina and a posterior hyporeflective shadow, and (b) the less common, atypical, minimally pigmented type 2 lesion overlaid by a relatively well-organized retina that lacks a posterior hyporeflective shadow.

Fundus Autofluorescence Findings in Eyes With Birdshot Chorioretinitis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe fundus autofluorescence (FAF) findings in eyes with birdshot chorioretinitis (BSCR) and to compare findings to demographic, medical, and clinical characteristics.

Methods: In this multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional study, 172 eyes (86 patients) with BSCR were investigated. Participants underwent a standardized evaluation including collection of demographic data, ophthalmic and treatment history, and ophthalmologic examination.

Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial of Povidone-Iodine 1.25% Solution Versus Topical Antibiotics for Treatment of Bacterial Keratitis.

Purpose: To compare povidone-iodine 1.25% ophthalmic solution with topical antibiotics for treatment of bacterial keratitis in areas of the world where use of effective topical antibiotics may not be an option.

Study Design: Randomized, controlled, investigator-masked clinical trial.

Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in Patients With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome After Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy.

Purpose: To evaluate the rates of new-onset cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis and worsening existing CMV retinitis in patients with AIDS after initiating combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and the role of an immune recovery inflammatory syndrome (IRIS).

Design: Cohort study.

Methods: Immune recovery was defined as an increase in CD4 T cells to ≥100 cells/μL; rates of new-onset CMV retinitis and of worsening of CMV retinitis (either increasing border activity or retinitis progression) were compared between those with and without immune recovery.

Choroidal Findings in Eyes With Birdshot Chorioretinitis Using Enhanced-Depth Optical Coherence Tomography.

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to describe choroidal findings observed using optical coherence tomography with enhanced depth imaging (EDI-OCT) in eyes with birdshot chorioretinitis (BSCR) and to test the hypothesis that these findings are related to participant demographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment.

Methods: In a multicenter, cross-sectional study, 172 eyes of 86 individuals with BSCR underwent a standardized clinical evaluation, including defined protocols for EDI-OCT imaging, with macular and peripapillary volume scans. Choroidal findings were compared to demographic information, ophthalmic examination findings, and treatment history, using logistic regression models.

Corneal Endothelium in Patients with Anterior Uveitis.

Purpose: To investigate a possible effect of intraocular inflammation on corneal endothelium by describing corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) and morphologic variables in eyes with anterior uveitis, and to investigate factors that may influence these findings.

Design: Cross-sectional, observational study. Observers were not masked.

Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery: current status and future prospects.

Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery aims to provide a medication-sparing, conjunctival-sparing, ab interno approach to intraocular pressure reduction for patients with mild-to-moderate glaucoma that is safer than traditional incisional glaucoma surgery. The current approaches include: increasing trabecular outflow (Trabectome, iStent, Hydrus stent, gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy, excimer laser trabeculotomy); suprachoroidal shunts (Cypass micro-stent); reducing aqueous production (endocyclophotocoagulation); and subconjunctival filtration (XEN gel stent). The data on each surgical procedure for each of these approaches are reviewed in this article, patient selection pearls learned to date are discussed, and expectations for the future are examined.

How Big Data Informs Us About Cataract Surgery: The LXXII Edward Jackson Memorial Lecture.

Purpose: To characterize the role of Big Data in evaluating quality of care in ophthalmology, to highlight opportunities for studying quality improvement using data available in the American Academy of Ophthalmology Intelligent Research in Sight (IRIS) Registry, and to show how Big Data informs us about rare events such as endophthalmitis after cataract surgery.

Design: Review of published studies, analysis of public-use Medicare claims files from 2010 to 2013, and analysis of IRIS Registry from 2013 to 2014.

Methods: Statistical analysis of observational data.

Outcome of Treatment of Uveitic Macular Edema: The Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment Trial 2-Year Results.

Purpose: To evaluate the 2-year outcomes of uveitic macular edema.

Design: Longitudinal follow-up of a randomized cohort.

Participants: At baseline, 148 eyes of 117 patients enrolled in the Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial had macular edema, and 134 eyes of 108 patients completed 2-year follow-up.

Heterogeneity of primary outcome measures used in clinical trials of treatments for intermediate, posterior, and panuveitis.

Background: Uveitis describes a heterogeneous group of conditions characterized by intraocular inflammation. Since most of the sight-threatening forms of uveitis are individually rare, there has been an increasing tendency for clinical trials to group distinct uveitis syndromes together despite clear variations in phenotype which may reflect real aetiological and pathogenetic differences. Furthermore this grouping of distinct syndromes, and the range of manifestations within each uveitis syndrome, leads to a wide range of possible outcome measures.