Automated quantification of anterior chamber cells using swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To validate automated counts of presumed anterior chamber (AC) cells in eyes with histories of uveitis involving the anterior segment using swept-source (SS) anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) against manual counts and compare automated counts against Standardized Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) criteria.

Methods: Eyes were imaged with the ANTERION SS AS-OCT device (Heidelberg Engineering). A fully automated custom algorithm quantified the number of hyper-reflective foci (HRF) in line-scan images.

Implementation of a Teleophthalmology Screening Program for Diabetic Retinopathy in New York City.

To examine the implementation of a teleophthalmology program for diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening at a metropolitan hospital system and identify the challenges that the clinical teams encountered using the program. The study was conducted in 2 parts. The first was a pilot retrospective chart review of 300 consecutive patients screened for DR by the teleophthalmology screening program.

Prediction of visual field progression with serial optic disc photographs using deep learning.

Aim: We tested the hypothesis that visual field (VF) progression can be predicted with a deep learning model based on longitudinal pairs of optic disc photographs (ODP) acquired at earlier time points during follow-up.

Methods: 3919 eyes (2259 patients) with ≥2 ODPs at least 2 years apart, and ≥5 24-2 VF exams spanning ≥3 years of follow-up were included. Serial VF mean deviation (MD) rates of change were estimated starting at the fifth visit and subsequently by adding visits until final visit.

Periorbital Necrotizing Sweet's Syndrome: A Case Report.

Sweet's syndrome (acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis) is an uncommon inflammatory condition most often associated with painful skin lesions of the head, neck, and upper extremities. To the authors' knowledge, this case report is the only published record of the necrotizing clinical variant of Sweet's syndrome in the periorbital space. This case follows a 91-year-old female who presented with generalized cutaneous eruptions of tender erythematous plaques, including a necrotic plaque of the left upper eyelid, and pancytopenia.

Frosted Branch Angiitis in the Setting of Active COVID-19 Infection and Underlying Mixed Connective Tissue Disease.

Frosted branch angiitis (FBA) is an uncommon form of retinal vasculitis and is typically associated with vision loss. We report a unique case of FBA that manifested in the setting of an active COVID-19 infection in a patient with Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD). A 34-year-old female with a history of MCTD, including overlapping findings of dermatomyositis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis, on immunosuppressive medications, presented for left-sided vision loss.

Inadvertent Viscoelastic Separation of the Pre-Descemet (Dua) Layer in Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty With Structural Features Revealed by Polarization Microscopy.

Introduction: Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) is a corneal transplant technique that removes the host stroma down to either the pre-Descemet (Dua) layer or Descemet membrane. It is most common for the big bubble technique to create a cleavage plane between the posterior stroma and the pre-Descemet layer. This is advantageous because the pre-Descemet layer has been found to be much stronger than Descemet membrane, and makes the procedure easier to perform.

Reduction of Artificial Tears and Use of Adjunctive Dry Eye Therapies After Lifitegrast Treatment: Evidence from Clinical and Real-World Studies.

Purpose: To assess the frequency of patients reducing the use of artificial tears (ATs) among patients with dry eye disease (DED) following lifitegrast treatment.

Patients And Methods: Two independent analyses were performed using the data from the 1-year, randomized, multicenter, Phase 3 SONATA trial and a noninterventional, real-world evidence (RWE) study conducted in patients with DED who were treated with lifitegrast in the United States and Canada. In SONATA, patients who had used ATs in the lifitegrast and placebo groups were included.

Ocular Toxoplasmosis: No Stranger to the Masquerade Ball.

Purpose: This article illustrates multiple atypical manifestations of ocular toxoplasmosis masquerading as acute retinal necrosis and vitreoretinal lymphoma.

Methods: Two case presentations are discussed, and the body of pertinent literature is reviewed and discussed.

Results: In these cases, an extensive workup and attention to history lead to the correct diagnosis and management.

Real-World Experience with Lifitegrast Ophthalmic Solution (Xiidra) in the US and Canada: Retrospective Study of Patient Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, and Clinical Effectiveness in 600 Patients with Dry Eye Disease.

Purpose: This study evaluated real-world treatment of dry eye disease (DED) with lifitegrast.

Patients And Methods: Ophthalmologists and optometrists treating patients with DED were invited to participate through a healthcare provider (HCP)-based panel. HCPs completed a provider survey and contributed data toward a chart review for up to five qualifying patients with DED who initiated lifitegrast ophthalmic solution (index date) between 01/01/2017 (US) or 01/01/2018 (Canada) and 06/30/2019.

COVID-19: Review of a 21st Century Pandemic from Etiology to Neuro-psychiatric Implications.

COVID-19 is a severe infectious disease that has claimed >150,000 lives and infected millions in the United States thus far, especially the elderly population. Emerging evidence has shown the virus to cause hemorrhagic and immunologic responses, which impact all organs, including lungs, kidneys, and the brain, as well as extremities. SARS-CoV-2 also affects patients', families', and society's mental health at large.

Patient-reported outcomes of multifocal and accommodating intraocular lenses: analysis of 117 patients 2-10 years after surgery.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the satisfaction levels of patients at least 2 years after cataract surgery implantation with bilateral accommodating or bilateral multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) and to determine the relative rate of spectacle independence and adverse symptoms in that same time frame.

Design: Patient questionnaire administered in a single-center private practice at least 2 years after cataract surgery with presbyopia-correcting IOL implantation.

Methods: Patients who had undergone uncomplicated cataract surgery with an accommodating or multifocal IOL implant were eligible for inclusion.

Facial Trauma: Delayed Development of a Subluxated Traumatic Cataract as Visualized on a Panoramic Image.

The immediate and long-term consequences of blunt orbital trauma leading to a subluxated lens and its subsequent calcification and opacification are reviewed. The accompanying panoramic image documents the process.

Meaningful correlation between asymptomatic retinal arteriole emboli and calcified carotid plaque found on panoramic dental imaging of males with diabetes.

Objective: There is ongoing controversy with regard to the stability of calcified carotid artery plaques (CCAPs) seen in the bifurcation area on panoramic images (PIs). Therefore, we sought to evaluate the possibility of these plaques shedding emboli by observing their relationship with ipsilateral retinal emboli.

Study Design: The study group included 50 neurologically and visually asymptomatic males with diabetes, with PIs that incidentally demonstrated CCAPs (CCAP+) and contemporaneous digital retinal images that had been obtained for evaluation of diabetic retinopathy.

Macular pucker in association with RPE adenoma: a report of a case and review of the literature.

Background: Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) adenoma is an extremely rare tumor of the posterior segment which must be differentiated from other choroidal tumors, such as choroidal nevus or melanoma. We report the case of a patient with RPE adenoma coincident with macular pucker who underwent successful pars plana vitrectomy and membrane peeling.

Patient And Methods: A 58-year-old female patient was diagnosed with RPE adenoma and epiretinal membrane and subsequently underwent pars plana vitrectomy and epiretinal membrane peeling.

Uncorrected refractive error among first-grade students of different racial/ethnic groups in southern California: results a year after school-mandated vision screening.

Context: The California Department of Education requires that kindergartners receive vision screening in preparation for school. Information is not available in the literature, however, on the prevalence of and factors associated with uncorrected refractive error (ie, the lack of eyeglasses), which is the primary cause of decreased visual acuity in children, among first-grade students of different racial/ethnic groups in California.

Objective: To determine the proportion of first-grade students with decreased visual acuity who need eyeglasses but do not have any and whether the lack of eyeglasses is associated with racial/ethnic and other factors.

Pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: clinical features and surgical outcomes.

Objective: To describe the characteristics of and surgical outcomes for primary pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and to evaluate whether specific characteristics impact anatomical outcomes after surgical intervention.

Methods: Data for consecutive patients (18 years of age or younger) with RRD who required surgery over a 5-year period were studied retrospectively. Patients with recurrent retinal detachment or active retinopathy of prematurity were excluded.

Combined 25- and 23-gauge surgery: a new sutureless vitrectomy technique.

The 25- and 23-gauge sutureless vitrectomy techniques decrease the surgical trauma and improve patients' postoperative comfort. The disadvantages of the 25-gauge system include pliable instrument and slower gel removal. The 23-gauge system provides faster speed of vitrectomy and the instruments have stiffer shafts, but it requires a larger incision.

Blepharoplasty and periorbital surgery.

Blepharoplasty is one of the most successful aesthetic surgical procedures. Careful preoperative planning and conservative tissue resections can help to minimize complications and optimize results. Although some young patients request blepharoplasty specifically because of age-related changes in the eyelid skin, the surgery is that of sculpture and contouring of the entire aesthetic unit.