Life expectancy and years of life lost for adults with diagnosed ADHD in the UK: matched cohort study.

Background: Nearly 3% of adults have attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although in the UK, most are undiagnosed. Adults with ADHD on average experience poorer educational and employment outcomes, worse physical and mental health and are more likely to die prematurely. No studies have yet used mortality data to examine the life expectancy deficit experienced by adults with diagnosed ADHD in the UK or worldwide.

Do community-based digital health inclusion programmes contribute to tackling health inequalities in disadvantaged population groups?: a qualitative study of experiences of a city-wide programme in the North of England.

Background: Advances in digital healthcare and health information provide benefits to the public. However, lack of digital skills together with access, confidence, trust and motivation issues present seemingly insurmountable barriers for many. Such digital health exclusion exacerbates existing health inequalities experienced by older people, people with less income, less education or who don't have English as a first language.

Outcome Measures for Sjögren Disease-Novel Developments and Further Needs.

Sjögren disease (SjD) is a systemic autoimmune disorder affecting both children and adults, with a wide range of clinical phenotypes. It remains a challenging condition to recognise and diagnose early and manage effectively. The heterogeneous nature of the presentation, variable disease course and overlapping symptoms with other autoimmune conditions often result in delayed diagnosis.

First Palmar Intermetacarpal Flap for Congenital First Web Contracture: A Case Series.

Background: Pediatric first web space contractures of the hand can lead to disability in hand function. Several techniques have been proposed for treating this condition. Recently, a new technique involving the first palmar cutaneous flap was described in a cadaveric study.

Women's Experience of the Consent Process to Planned Caesarean Section and Its Surgical Risk: A Qualitative Study.

Objective: To explore how women appreciated the risks discussed within the consent process for planned caesarean section (CS).

Design: Exploratory qualitative interview study.

Setting: NHS Teaching Hospital in Central London.

Changes in Waveguiding Cone Photoreceptors and Color Vision in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus.

Purpose: Although it is well known that photoreceptor damage and color vision loss occur in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR), the relationship between structural and functional changes in diabetes mellitus (DM) remains unclear. Using highly sensitive measures of photoreceptor structure and function, we aim to determine whether early loss of color sensitivity in DM is also accompanied by decreased cone density.

Methods: Monocular data from 26 patients with DM and 25 healthy controls were examined to assess cone photoreceptor metrics, using confocal adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy, and red/green (RG) and yellow/blue (YB) color vision thresholds, using the Colour Assessment and Diagnosis test.

An update on the pharmacotherapy of gout.

Introduction: Gout is a common form of acute inflammatory arthritis caused by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals within synovium of joints. This leads to severe pain, reducing quality of life for patients with this condition.

Areas Covered: This review summarizes the treatment of both acute flares of gout and urate-lowering therapy based on guidance from various major international societies.

Skin graft monitoring using forward-looking infrared thermal imaging.

This study examined the feasibility of non-invasive infrared thermography to monitor skin graft viability. Sixty-three patients with skin defects attending a single institution from May 2022 to August 2023 were included. Patients underwent full-thickness or split-thickness skin grafts based on clinical indication.

Salvage of anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap with indocyanine green assessment of a flap pedicle and subsequent perforator-to-perforator anastomosis.

Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography has emerged as an intraoperative method to accurately assess real-time tissue vascularity, perfusion and anastomotic patency in flap surgery. We illustrate a complex case of elbow reconstruction in an elderly patient with a free anterolateral thigh flap, which relied on intraoperative ICG to evaluate the flap pedicle and map the site of arterial occlusion. Supermicrosurgical instrumentation was employed to perform complex perforator-to-perforator anastomosis following resection of the vascular site of the lesion.

The hostile environment in primary care: Qualitative analysis of a cross sectional survey of health care professionals in primary care.

Background: In 2014 the UK government rolled out the then called hostile environment as a series of punitive policies designed to disenfranchise undocumented migrants from living in Britain. As part of these measures upfront charging was introduced in 2017 which saw patients being denied treatment without prior full payment based on their immigration status.

Aim: Assess the knowledge of the charging regulations in a sample of primary care practitioners.

Exposure to and awareness of oral and maxillofacial surgery for first degree dental undergraduates in the United Kingdom.

Evidence shows that the majority of OMFS trainees undertook dentistry as their first degree, however, an increasing number of undergraduates undertaking OMFS training have completed medicine first. It is vital that all undergraduates wanting to commit to another degree have adequate exposure to, and understanding of, the specialty. The aim of our study was to evaluate the perspectives of final-year dental students concerning their exposure to, and perceptions of, OMFS during their undergraduate teaching.

Cryobiological aspects of upscaling cryopreservation for encapsulated liver cell therapies.

For the efficient delivery of a cell therapy a treatment must be provided rapidly, at clinical scale, contain a sufficient active cellular component (biomass), and adhere to a multitude of regulatory requirements. Cryopreservation permits many of these demands to be met more readily. Here we present the cryopreservation and recovery of large volume (2.

Evidence on the accreditation of health professionals' education in the WHO Africa region: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: This scoping review aims to map and examine the extent and type of available evidence on health professionals' education accreditation within Africa.

Introduction: The demand for health professionals is unprecedentedly high globally. One response to this challenge has been expanding training through more liberal education policies, facilitating private sector participation in education service provision.

Healthcare workers' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative analysis of a text message-based NHS workforce support line.

Background: The National Health Service (NHS) is suffering from a workforce crisis of mental and physical sickness and attrition following the COVID-19 pandemic. An in-depth understanding of healthcare workers' (HCWs) experiences during the pandemic is required to understand the impacts on their mental health in this challenging work environment. This qualitative study explores HCWs' concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic-expressed in real time during an active mental health crisis.

Snapping Biceps Femoris Syndrome: A Case Presentation and Review of Current Literature.

Snapping of the biceps femoris tendon over the fibular head is a cause of symptomatic lateral knee pain. We presented the case of an active patient in his mid-20s who had bilateral snapping of his biceps femoris tendon, with no history of trauma. The pathophysiology in our case was thought to be secondary to prominent fibular heads.