National Survey of Otolaryngology Program Directors Regarding Recruitment Methods for Underrepresented in Medicine Residents.

Objective: To characterize Otolaryngology residency program strategies for recruiting underrepresented minorities in medicine (URiM) residents and their perceived effectiveness, and explore perceived barriers to recruitment.

Design: We conducted a survey of Otolaryngology program directors (PDs) at the 122 accredited programs within the United States, utilizing a validated and previously published survey utilized within the OB-GYN literature. We solicited information regarding recruitment of underrepresented minorities in medicine (URiM) applicants, effectiveness of strategies, and perceived barriers in recruitment.

Perfusion Abnormalities on 24-Hour Perfusion Imaging in Patients With Complete Endovascular Reperfusion.

Background: Perfusion abnormalities in the infarct and salvaged penumbra have been proposed as a potential reason for poor clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale score >2) despite complete angiographic reperfusion (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction [TICI3]). In this study, we aimed to identify different microvascular perfusion patterns and their association with clinical outcomes among TICI3 patients.

Methods: University Hospital Bern's stroke registry of all patients between February 2015 and December 2021.

Inequities in Alliance Acute Leukemia Clinical Trial and Biobank Participation: Defining Targets for Intervention.

Purpose: Representativeness in acute leukemia clinical research is essential for achieving health equity. The National Cancer Institute's mandate for Comprehensive Cancer Centers (CCCs) to define and assume responsibility for cancer control and treatment across a geographic catchment area provides an enforceable mechanism to target and potentially remediate participatory inequities.

Methods: We examined enrollee characteristics across 15 Cancer and Leukemia Group B/Alliance cooperative group adult acute leukemia clinical trials (N = 3,734) from 1998 to 2013, including participation in optional companion biobanks.

Histopathological characteristics of explanted human prosthetic arterial grafts: implications for the prevention and management of graft infection.

Objective: to study the histopathological characteristics of prosthetic vascular graft infection.

Design: prospective clinical study over 2 years.

Setting: University Hospital.

Position statement: cholesterol screening in children is not indicated, even with positive family history.

The same reasons for the policy of rejecting universal blood cholesterol screening in all children also lead us to reject selective screening in those with a family history of premature CHD or high blood cholesterol. It is probably true that this large group--roughly 25% of all children, 12 million in the United States and many tens of millions worldwide--is at somewhat higher risk than the other 75% of children of eventually dying of CHD many decades later. But the small size and remoteness of any benefit achieved by cholesterol intervention is illustrated by the projection that we would need to treat 300 girls in the top cholesterol quintile, and treat them effectively for 50-60 years, in order to defer just one premature CHD death before age 65.