Comparison of manual titrations to automated microplate and gel titration assays used in the screening of blood donors for production of Low-Titer O Whole Blood.

Background: The popularity of Low-Titer O Whole Blood (LTOWB) for treating trauma patients requires that donor centers and transfusion services make decisions on what titer testing capabilities to institute and an appropriate titer level threshold. This study compared the titer results determined by four methods to find a rate of agreement.

Study Design And Methods: Isohemagglutinin titers were tested on 300 plasma samples utilizing various methods, each determining IgM antibody levels by direct hemagglutination with A1 and B reference cells.

Treatment Strategies for Obstetric Puerperal Genital Hematomas: A Case Series.

Background: Puerperal genital hematoma is an infrequent but potentially life-threatening complication of childbirth. There are three approaches to care: expectant management, surgical evacuation, or uterine artery embolization.

Cases: This retrospective case series compares the clinical courses of three patients who developed puerperal genital hematoma and were managed differently.

A Case Series: Describing the Coronavirus Pandemic Response in Small Naval OCONUS Military Treatment Facilities.

Introduction: The European SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) outbreak threatened military beneficiaries receiving care outside of the United States. Military treatment facilities located outside the United States were the first to respond to the pandemic, requiring immediate action to establish novel protocols. The purpose of this case series is to describe challenges, solutions, and future recommendations during a pandemic response at three small naval military treatment facilities located outside the continental United States (OCONUS).

Hemorrhoids: Diagnosis and Treatment Options.

Many Americans between 45 and 65 years of age experience hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoidal size, thrombosis, and location (i.e.

Mentor training in a military nurse corps.

Mentoring relationships benefit the mentor, protege, and the organization. Although the Air Force, Army, and Navy Nurse Corps recognize the importance and potential of such relationships, formal methods to develop and support new mentors have not been widely adopted. A brief literature review of mentoring relationships, followed by a description of the uniqueness of military nursing, and finally, the details of development, implementation, and suggestions for evaluation of a formal mentor training workshop are presented.

Application of United States advance directives on Italian soil.

United States medical facilities located overseas must comply with American laws and the laws that govern the host nation. The Patient Self-Determination Act of 1990 is in direct conflict with Italian law. Honoring the advance directives of American patients on Italian soil constitutes a criminal offense for the physician, who is subject to 15 years of imprisonment.