Dietary fiber chemical structure determined gut microbiota dynamics.

Precision modulation of gut microbiota requires elucidation of the relation between dietary fiber intake and gut microbe dynamics. However, current studies on this aspect are few due to many technical limitations. Here, we used to minimize the complicated host-microbial factors and to find the relation between dietary fiber chemical structures and gut microbiota dynamics.

Large volume headspace GC/MS analysis for the identification of volatile compounds relating to seafood decomposition.

Decomposition in seafood products in the United States is monitored by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) laboratories using sensory testing, which requires highly trained analysts. A large-volume headspace (LVHS) gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method was developed to generate analytical results that can be directly compared to sensory evaluation. Headspace vapor was withdrawn from a 1-L vial containing 50 g seafood sample using a large volume headspace autosampler.

Reference-free discovery of nuclear SNPs permits accurate, sensitive identification of (hickory) species and hybrids.

Premise: DNA-based species identification is critical when morphological identification is restricted, but DNA-based identification pipelines typically rely on the ability to compare homologous sequence data across species. Because many clades lack robust genomic resources, we present here a bioinformatics pipeline capable of generating genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data while circumventing the need for any reference genome or annotation data.

Methods: Using the SISRS bioinformatics pipeline, we generated de novo ortholog data for the genus , isolating sites where genetic variation was restricted to a single species (i.

A convenient detection system consisting of efficient Au@PtRu nanozymes and alcohol oxidase for highly sensitive alcohol biosensing.

Effective alcohol detection represents a substantial concern not only in the context of personal and automobile safety but also in clinical settings as alcohol is a contributing factor in a wide range of health complications including various types of liver cirrhoses, strokes, and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, many kinds of nanomaterials with enzyme-like properties have been widely used as biosensors. Herein, we have developed a convenient detection method that combines Au@PtRu nanozymes and alcohol oxidase (AOx).

Evolution and Diversity of Listeria monocytogenes from Clinical and Food Samples in Shanghai, China.

Listeria monocytogenes is a significant foodborne pathogen causing severe systemic infections in humans with high mortality rates. The objectives of this work were to establish a phylogenetic framework of L. monocytogenes from China and to investigate sequence diversity among different serotypes.

Comparison of Microbial Communities Isolated from Feces of Asymptomatic Salmonella-Shedding and Non-Salmonella Shedding Dairy Cows.

In the United States Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotypes Kentucky and Cerro are frequently isolated from asymptomatic dairy cows. However, factors that contribute to colonization of the bovine gut by these two serotypes have not been identified.

Ecological prevalence, genetic diversity, and epidemiological aspects of Salmonella isolated from tomato agricultural regions of the Virginia Eastern Shore.

Virginia is the third largest producer of fresh-market tomatoes in the United States. Tomatoes grown along the eastern shore of Virginia are implicated almost yearly in Salmonella illnesses. Traceback implicates contamination occurring in the pre-harvest environment.

An isotopically labeled internal standard liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for determination of ephedrine alkaloids and synephrine in dietary supplements.

We report a simplified analytical procedure for determination of ephedrine alkaloids and synephrine in dietary supplements. Cleanup by simple filtration, when combined with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) detection, provided results comparable to our published method with solid phase extraction (SPE) cleanup and single-stage MS detection with in-source fragmentation. We also compared three mass spectrometric experimental configurations: electrospray (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) with MS/MS and APCI-MS with fragmentation provided by increasing cone voltage.