10,766 results match your criteria: "U.S. Army Medical Department Center & School[Affiliation]"

Tactile feedback from brain-controlled bionic hands can be partially restored via intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) of the primary somatosensory cortex. In ICMS, the location of percepts depends on the electrode's location and the percept intensity depends on the stimulation frequency and amplitude. Sensors on a bionic hand can thus be linked to somatotopically appropriate electrodes, and the contact force of each sensor can be used to determine the amplitude of a stimulus.

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Radiotherapy showed synergy with immunotherapy, yet the comparative effectiveness of combining immunotherapy (iRT) or chemotherapy (CRT) after platinum therapy failure in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unexplored. We analyzed 163 patients (iRT:  = 120 vs. CRT:  = 43) eligible for combination radiotherapy.

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Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), known as Kala-azar on the Indian subcontinent, is a parasitic disease caused by the flagellated protozoa Leishmania donovani and can be fatal if left untreated. The sand fly Phlebotomus argentipes is the only proven vector of VL in the Southeast Asia region, and VL control in this region has relied on the use of synthetic insecticides for indoor residual spraying (IRS). The use of DDT in VL control programmes has led to the development of resistance to this insecticide in sand flies, resulting in DDT being replaced with the insecticide alpha-cypermethrin.

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Chest trauma is a common injury in civilian and military polytrauma patients and is a leading cause of death and chronic disabilities. Evolving surgical techniques and advancements in chest wall reconstruction have improved clinical outcomes, reduced operative complications, and decreased mortality. In this case report, a 23-year-old male U.

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Introduction: Health provider burnout is highly prevalent (28-51%) in the US and may contribute to a projected national health provider shortage by 2030. The Socioecological Model (SEM) is a proven conceptual framework used to identify influencing factors and design relevant solutions to improve health outcomes across multiple ecological levels. This study applied the SEM to identify modifiable drivers and solutions of burnout across multiple levels among US Military health providers.

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Microgravity's effects on miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks in a mouse model of segmental bone defects.

PLoS One

December 2024

Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America.

Rehabilitation from musculoskeletal injuries (MSKI) complicate healing dynamics typically by sustained disuse of bone and muscles. Microgravity naturally allows limb disuse and thus an effective model to understand MSKI. The current study examined epigenetic changes in a segmental bone defect (SBD) mouse model in a prolonged unloading condition after spaceflight (FLT).

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Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) is a fast and reliable method to quantify viral genomes as a surrogate to titering on monolayers of cells for measuring virus replication. Whether it be for determining the number of virions released, the total number of genomes produced during infection, or the number of virions bound to a cell, qPCR assays can be adapted to quickly enumerate total viral genomes in a broad range of experiments comparing virus replication under different conditions. In addition, qPCR offers several advantages compared to plaque assays including time, linearity over 9 logs, and scalability from tens-to-hundreds of samples, depending on the qPCR machine.

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Article Synopsis
  • Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disorder that can cause various health issues, including cognitive impairments, which are not well-studied in adults; this research focused on evaluating these cognitive issues in adults with NF1.* -
  • The study involved 103 NF1 adults and 38 control participants, utilizing a range of neurocognitive tests and a self-report questionnaire to analyze various cognitive functions including intelligence, memory, attention, and executive functions.* -
  • Results revealed that adults with NF1 experience significant impairments, particularly in areas like intelligence and visual memory, while some cognitive functions remained intact, suggesting a specific pattern of cognitive deficits rather than a widespread impairment.*
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Transmembrane B cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein inhibitor motif-containing (TMBIM) 6, also known as Bax Inhibitor-1 (BI-1), has been heavily researched for its cytoprotective functions. TMBIM6 functional diversity includes modulating cell survival, stress, metabolism, cytoskeletal dynamics, organelle function, regulating cytosolic acidification, calcium, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Clinical research shows TMBIM6 plays a key role in many of the world's top diseases/injuries (i.

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Elimination of latent HIV-1 is a major goal of AIDS research but the host factors determining the size of these reservoirs are poorly understood. Here, we investigated whether differences in host gene expression modulate the size of the HIV-1 reservoir during suppressive ART. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from fourteen individuals initiating ART during acute infection who demonstrated effective viral suppression but varying magnitude of total HIV-1 DNA were characterized by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).

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  • - Tissue nanotransfection (TNT) uses plasmids (Etv2, Foxc2, and Fli1) to enhance the formation of vasculogenic fibroblasts (VF) in ischemic skin of mice, promoting new blood vessel growth.
  • - In vitro studies show that human dermal fibroblasts exhibit increased endothelial gene expression upon EFF nanoelectroporation, with a link to higher ten-eleven translocase (TET) expression.
  • - The study demonstrates that TET activation is crucial for VF development in diabetic ischemic limbs, facilitating blood flow restoration and improved wound healing, especially since TET levels are usually lower in diabetic conditions.
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Aims: To develop a novel nanomicelle system to target and eradicate CD133-expressing lung cancer stem cells (CSCs) while imaging lung cancer.

Methods: Averatinib nanomicelles with CD133 aptamers incorporated with gadolinium imaging reagents (M-Afa&Gd-CD133) were synthesized. The anticancer and imaging activities of M-Afa&Gd-CD133 were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo.

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Background And Objective: Albuminuria is an important early marker of kidney damage and progression of chronic kidney disease and is also linked to several chronic systemic diseases. The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) is widely used in the assessment of multiple diseases. However, research dealing with the relationship between PNI and albuminuria remains scarce.

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Throughout history, seafarers have been exposed to potential thermal injuries during naval warfare; however, injury prevention, including advances in personal protective equipment, has saved lives. Thankfully, burn injuries have decreased over time, which has resulted in a significant clinical skills gap. Ships with only Role 1 (no surgical capability) assets have worse outcomes after burn injury compared to those with Role 2 (surgical capability) assets.

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Burn injuries are a constant threat in war. Aspects of the modern battlefield increase the risk of burn injuries and pose challenges for early treatment. The initial resuscitation of a severely burn-injured patient often exceeds the resources available in front-line medical facilities.

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Article Synopsis
  • Burns account for 5% to 20% of injuries in modern warfare, with hand injuries being the most common cause of long-term functional impairment.
  • This paper aims to guide the management of complex hand burns in battlefield settings by emphasizing the importance of early assessment and care plans.
  • Key treatment strategies include managing swelling, providing quick wound coverage, performing necessary surgical procedures, starting aggressive hand therapy early, and preventing burn-related contractures.
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As mortality relating to severe acute burn injury improves, patients are surviving longer into the critical care phase, which is commonly complicated by multisystem organ failure. Extracorporeal organ support (ECOS) represents a set of potential therapeutic technologies for managing patients with organ-specific complications. This article provides a comprehensive review of the existing literature, focusing on the use of continuous kidney replacement therapy, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal, and extracorporeal blood purification.

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Background: Failure of systemic corticosteroid therapy is common in patients with newly diagnosed acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) above grade II. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used as a tolerable and potentially effective second-line therapy for steroid-refractory aGVHD (SR-aGVHD); however, well-designed, prospective, controlled studies are lacking.

Methods: This multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, exploratory phase 2 study enrolled patients with SR-aGVHD above grade II from 7 centres.

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Advantages of statin usage in preventing fractures for men over 50 in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

PLoS One

November 2024

Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Objectives: The relationship between statin treatment and fracture risk is still controversial, especially in in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). We aim to determine whether statin therapy affects the occurrence of fractures in the general US population and in patients with CVDs.

Methods: Epidemiological data of this cross-sectional study were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2001-2020, n = 9,893).

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Objectives: We aimed to implement a post-cardiac arrest targeted temperature management (TTM) bundle to reduce the percent of time with a fever from 7% to 3.5%.

Design: A prospective, quality improvement (QI) initiative utilizing the Method for Improvement.

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Background: Many research-based burn models rely on creating homogenous burns that are subsequently studied and treated. However, the majority of burn wounds sustained - and in particular those that are combat-related - are heterogeneous in nature, with varying degrees of severity intermixed throughout the entire wound, creating a complex debridement and overall treatment plan. The purpose of this study was to develop a clinically relevant heterogeneous porcine burn wound model.

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The translational value of the marble burying task (MBT) is debatable. Here we performed video analysis of behaviors during the MBT to accurately capture the details of all behaviors displayed during this task. Our results show that a count of marbles buried at the end of the task may not be a good translational correlate of the 'intentional marble burying' that the task is assumed to measure.

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Background/objectives: Ebola virus disease (EVD) survivors develop post-acute ophthalmic sequelae, including a high prevalence of uveitis that may be complicated by vision-threatening cataract. After the non-detection of Ebola virus (EBOV) RNA in sampled ocular fluid, vision impairment due to cataract can be treated safely and effectively via manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS). However, the long-term ocular visual outcomes and assessment of ocular tissues, including for genomic RNA, have been infrequently or not reported in Western African survivors.

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