Therapeutic Potential of N-acetylcysteine and Glycine in Reducing Pulmonary Injury in Diabetic Rats.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is associated with systemic complications, including the development of pulmonary injury, characterized mainly by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix components and inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue. This process is driven by oxidative stress and chronic inflammation, both caused and exacerbated by hyperglycemia. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and glycine, known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, offer potential therapeutic benefits in mitigating diabetes-induced lung injury.

Aspartate Aminotransferase to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) as a Predictor of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) Development in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Introduction: Despite ongoing findings on the relationship between liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), this association in diabetic patients remains unclear. Early diagnosis of liver fibrosis is important due to the easily available diagnostic tools, such as noninvasive indices that combine clinical and laboratory variables, and the possibility of preventing its complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with MetS.

Objective: This study examines the potential predictive values of non-invasive liver fibrosis indices for MetS in T2DM patients.

PROCALCITONIN GUIDED ANTIBIOTIC STEWARDSHIP: A BALKAN EXPERT CONSENSUS STATEMENT.

Sepsis as a consequence of infection is a frequent cause of death among critically ill patients. The most common sites of infection are lover respiratory tract, abdominal, urinary tract and catheter-associated blood stream infections. Early empiric, broad-spectrum therapy in those with severe sepsis and/or shock with the aim of reducing mortality may lead to antibiotic overuse, resistance and increased costs.

THE USE OF MICROBIOLOGICAL AND LABORATORY DATA IN THE CHOICE OF EMPIRICAL ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY - THE ROLE OF LOCAL ANTIBIOGRAMS.

Antibiotic therapy is indicated during acute cholecystitis. However, in the treatment of uncomplicated cholelithiasis, prophylactic use of antibiotics is controversial. Microbiological and laboratory data are the basis for the choice of antibiotic treatment.

Floods Associated with Environmental Factors and Leptospirosis: our Experience at Tuzla Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Background: Leptospirosis is the most common zoonotic disease in Tuzla Canton. Objective: Determine the influence of environmental and precipitation factors on the incidence of leptospirosis.

Methods: A retrospective study included 80 patients with leptospirosis.

Short-term and long-term results after intravitreal bevacizumab therapy for macular oedema in branch retinal vein occlusion.

The aim of this study was to determine the possible correlation between the short- and long-term effects of intravitreal bevacizumab on macular oedema after branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). This prospective clinical study included fifteen eyes of patients with macular oedema after BRVO. Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), recorded in LogMAR units, central foveal thickness (CFT) and maximum foveal thickness (MFT) were evaluated at one month after first application and at least every 2 months for one year.

COVID-19 in Northeast Bosnia and Herzegovina and patient's length of hospitalization.

Background: Since the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, clinical data from various parts of the world have been reported. Up till now, there has been no clinical data with regards to COVID-19 from Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). The aim was to report on the first cohort of patients from B&H and to analyze factors that influence COVID-19 patient's length of hospitalization (LOH).

Voice Characteristics in Patients with Thyroid Disorders.

Objective: This study investigated acoustic and perceptual characteristics of the voice of patients with thyroid gland disorders such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism immediately after the diagnosis was made and six months later, after using drug therapy.

Materials And Methods: The study includes 20 female outpatients with hypothyroidism and 27 female outpatients with hyperthyroidism. The criterion for the selection of the patients was a thyroid gland disorder medical diagnosis, no history of voice disorders and absence of other possible causes of voice changes.

Development of Respiratory Allergies, Asthma and Allergic Rhinits in Children with Atopic Dermatitis.

Children with atopic dermatitis (AD) usually develop symptoms when they reach the age of 6-7 years, but the risk of developing respiratory allergies, asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) remains high. In most children with AD, the development of asthma and AR is associated with sensitization to food allergens and/or aeroallergens, while only a small percentage missed atopic diathesis. In about 35% of children with AD, food allergy is the provoking cause, and 60% of infants who had AD in the first 3 months of life were sensitized against aeroallergens by the age of 5.

Quality of Life in Mothers of Children with Cerebral Palsy.

The aim of the study was to investigate whether there is difference in the quality of life between mothers of children with cerebral palsy and mothers of healthy children, as well as whether the quality of life in mothers of children with cerebral palsy depends on their level of education, child's mobility and child's functional status. A total of 141 mothers participated in the research. Mothers were divided into two groups, 71 mothers of children with cerebral palsy and 70 mothers of healthy children from the Tuzla Canton (Bosnia and Herzegovina).

Do growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 affect prognosis in patients with killip I and II class acute myocardial infarction?

We investigated concentrations and roles of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and its binding protein (IGF1BP-3), growth hormone (GH), insulin, and markers of insulin resistance and inflammation in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We aimed to assess any possible association between serum GH/IGF-1 axis following AMI and short-term survival rates. A follow up study was performed in 2010.

Hypersensitivity to aeroallergens in children with atopic dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronically relapsing, inflammatory skin disease characterized by severe itch, rash and dry skin. Hypersensitivity to aeroallergens is found in 40%-50% of children with AD and it is the cause of intensive skin lesions. The aim of the study was to assess the presence of hypersensitivity to aeroallergens in AD children.

Surviving genocide in Srebrenica during the early childhood and adolescent personality.

Aim: To examine how the experience of genocide in Srebrenica in the early childhood (ages 1-5) influences the psychological health in adolescence.

Methods: This study included 100 school-attending adolescents, age 15-16 (born in 1990-91) who were divided in two groups according to the place of residence from 1992-1995: the Srebrenica group - adolescents who lived in Srebrenica during the siege and the non-Srebrenica group who lived in the "free territory," were not wounded, and experienced no losses. We used the socio-demographic questionnaire created for the purposes of our study and the War Trauma Questionnaire, Posttraumatic Stress Reactions Questionnaire, Self-report Depressive Scale (Zung), Freiburg Personality Inventory, and the Lifestyle Questionnaire.

Incidence and types of speech disorders in stroke patients.

The aim of the study was to determine the incidence and types of speech disorders in patients with acute stroke. The study was performed in 936 acute stroke patients admitted to University Department of Neurology, Tuzla University Clinical Center, in the period from January 1, 2007 through December 31, 2008. Out of 936 study patients, speech disorders were verified on admission in 771 (82.

Psychological symptoms among workers employed in companies undergoing privatization in postwar Bosnia and Herzegovina.

In Central and Eastern European countries, after abandoning communism, significant political, economic and social changes occurred, followed by the increase in income inequality and social disparity. The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between psychological symptoms and monthly income of employees in companies undergoing privatization. The study included 258 workers from seven companies undergoing privatization in the Tuzla Canton region.

Heterotopic pregnancy in natural conception -- our initial experience: case report.

Heterotopic pregnancy refers to the presence of simultaneous pregnancies at two different implantation sites. Heterotopic pregnancy is rare, estimated to occur in 1 per 30,000 pregnancies. We report a case of a 27-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with the diagnosis of ruptured ectopic pregnancy.

Misgav-Ladach cesarean section: general consideration.

Among obstetric techniques, cesarean section seemed to represent a well-defined procedure and significant advances in this intervention were considered to be unlikely. However, obstetric surgery has recently undergone many improvements. In 1972, Joel-Cohen presented a new method for transverse incision of the abdomen.

Post-stroke language disorders.

Post-stroke language disorders are frequent and include aphasia, alexia, agraphia and acalculia. There are different definitions of aphasias, but the most widely accepted neurologic and/or neuropsychological definition is that aphasia is a loss or impairment of verbal communication, which occurs as a consequence of brain dysfunction. It manifests as impairment of almost all verbal abilities, e.

Incidence of asthma in children in Tuzla Canton--Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases whose incidence shows constant growth in childhood. The objective of this work was to look into asthma incidence in children in relation to their age group and sex in a retrospective study, at Tuzla Canton area. The study comprised children of both sexes, age 0-14 who fell sick with asthma within the period from January 1st 2003 to December 31st 2007.

Daily hospice: Depression and anxiety after mastectomy for breast cancer.

The aim of the study was to define the effects of daily hospice team's activities on depression and anxiety in breast cancer patients having undergone mastectomy after three-month therapy. This prospective study included 35 patients that underwent mastectomy for breast cancer, followed by 3-month treatment at daily hospice, Tuzla University Clinical Center. Control group consisted of 35 mastectomized patients that did not visit daily hospice.

Betaferon in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

The aim of the study was to analyze the usefulness and side effects of treatment with interferon beta 1B (Betaferon) in patients with the relapsing-remitting form of multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The study included 32 RRMS patients that had completed two-year therapy with interferon beta 1B or were still receiving this therapy. Every six months, patients were clinically evaluated and scored by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).

Duration of delirium in the acute stage of stroke.

The aim of the study was to determine duration of delirium in patients with acute stroke according to sex, age, type and localization of lesion. We assessed delirium prospectively in a sample of 233 consecutive patients with an acute (< or =4 days) stroke using the Delirium Rating Scale (DRS-R-98) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV). The average duration of delirium was 4 days in patients with ischemic stroke and 3 days in patients with hemorrhagic stroke.

[Clinical characteristics at onset of first febrile convulsions].

Aim: The aim of this retrospective study was to establish clinical characteristics of first febrile convulsions in children admitted to Department of Pediatrics in Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and diagnosed with febrile convulsions in the period from January 1, 1999 till December 31, 2004.

Methods: Data were collected from medical records of the children admitted to Department of Pediatrics in Tuzla during the study period. The study included 716 medical records of children aged from one month to 7 years, analyzed for the following data: type of seizure (simple or complex), clinical manifestation of the convulsion (tonic-clonic, tonic, atonic, partial unilateral), body temperature after convulsion, and the length of convulsion.

Psychological disturbances of war-traumatized children from different foster and family settings in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Aim: To assess the psychological health of war-traumatized children in different foster settings and compare them with children living with one or both parents, 7 years after the 1992-1995 war in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Method: The study was carried out in Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, in March 2002. We assessed 186 (93 girls and 93 boys) elementary school children aged 12.