Impaired Gait, Postural Instability, and Rigidity in Relation to CB1 Receptor Availability in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: In Parkinson's disease (PD), postural instability and gait disorder (PIGD) symptoms are associated with a worse prognosis for an unknown reason.

Objective: The objective was to explore the relationship between cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) availability and motor symptoms in PD with [F]FMPEP-d positron emission tomography (PET).

Methods: Fifteen individuals with PD underwent [F]FMPEP-d PET to measure cerebral CB1R availability.

National trends of surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia in Finland.

Purpose: To investigate national trends of surgical treatment for benign prostatic obstruction (BPO).

Methods: The Care Register for Healthcare in Finland was used to investigate the annual numbers and types of surgical procedures, operation incidence and duration of hospital stay between 2004 and 2018 in Finland. Procedures were classified using the Nordic Medico-Statistical Committee Classification of Surgical Procedures coding.

Relaxation Along a Fictitious Field, continuous wave T1rho, adiabatic T1rho and adiabatic T2rho imaging of human gliomas at 3T: A feasibility study.

In pre-clinical models of brain gliomas, Relaxation Along a Fictitious Field in second rotating frame (TRAFF2), continues wave T1rho (T1ρcw), adiabatic T1rho (T1ρadiab), and adiabatic T2rho (T2ρadiab) relaxation time mappings have demonstrated potential to non-invasively characterize brain gliomas. Our aim was to evaluate the feasibility and potential of 4 different spin lock methods at 3T to characterize primary brain glioma. 22 patients (26-72 years) with suspected primary glioma.

Risk of subsequent gliomas and meningiomas among 69,460 5-year survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer in Europe: the PanCareSurFup study.

Background: Childhood cancer survivors are at risk of subsequent gliomas and meningiomas, but the risks beyond age 40 years are uncertain. We quantified these risks in the largest ever cohort.

Methods: Using data from 69,460 5-year childhood cancer survivors (diagnosed 1940-2008), across Europe, standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and cumulative incidence were calculated.

Cumulative Absolute Risk of Subsequent Colorectal Cancer After Abdominopelvic Radiotherapy Among Childhood Cancer Survivors: A PanCareSurFup Study.

Purpose: Childhood cancer survivors are at the risk of developing subsequent colorectal cancers (CRCs), but the absolute risks by treatment modality are uncertain. We quantified the absolute risks by radiotherapy treatment characteristics using clinically accessible data from a Pan-European wide case-control study nested within a large cohort of childhood cancer survivors: the PanCareSurFup Study.

Methods: Odds ratios (ORs) from a case-control study comprising 143 CRC cases and 143 controls nested within a cohort of 69,460 survivors were calculated.

Retrospective Analysis of Artifacts in Cone Beam Computed Tomography Images Used to Diagnose Chronic Rhinosinusitis.

Background: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is frequently used to corroborate the signs and symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However, artifacts induced by dental restorations might complicate the diagnosis of CRS. Here, we assessed the frequency and location of artifacts in CBCT images taken to confirm the CRS.

Renal hyperfiltration revisited-Role of the individual body surface area on mortality.

Background: Higher than normal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), i.e. renal hyperfiltration (RHF), has been associated with mortality.

The Relationship of Kidney Function, Cardiovascular Morbidity, and All-Cause Mortality: a Prospective Primary Care Cohort Study.

Background: Lower-than-normal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is associated with the risk for all-cause mortality and adverse cardiovascular events. In this regard, the role of higher-than-normal eGFR is still controversial.

Objective: Investigate long-term clinical consequences across the levels of eGFR calculated by the creatinine-based Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation among apparently healthy cardiovascular risk subjects.

Risk of subsequent primary oral cancer in a cohort of 69,460 5-year survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer in Europe: the PanCareSurFup study.

Background: Survivors of childhood cancer are at risk of subsequent primary malignant neoplasms (SPNs), but the risk for rarer types of SPNs, such as oral cancer, is uncertain. Previous studies included few oral SPNs, hence large-scale cohorts are required to identify groups at risks.

Methods: The PanCareSurFup cohort includes 69,460 5-year survivors of childhood cancer across Europe.

Cannabinoid Receptor Type 1 in Parkinson's Disease: A Positron Emission Tomography Study with [ F]FMPEP-d.

Background: The endocannabinoid system is a widespread neuromodulatory system affecting several biological functions and processes. High densities of type 1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptors and endocannabinoids are found in basal ganglia, which makes them an interesting target group for drug development in basal ganglia disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD).

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate CB1 receptors in PD with [ F]FMPEP-d positron emission tomography (PET) and the effect of dopaminergic medication on the [ F]FMPEP-d binding.

Mortality after surgery for benign prostate hyperplasia: a nationwide cohort study.

Purpose: To investigate postoperative mortality rates and risk factors for mortality after surgical treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).

Methods: All patients who underwent partial prostate excision/resection from 2004 to 2014 in Finland were retrospectively assessed for eligibility using a nationwide registry. Procedures were classified as transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), laser vaporization of the prostate (laser), and open prostatectomy.

The Relationship between Dietary Habits and Work Engagement among Female Finnish Municipal Employees.

Background: Work engagement reflects work-related well-being. It is positively associated with health, life satisfaction, work efficiency, income level, and occupational prospects. However, little is known about the relationship between work engagement and diet.

Dysphagia, hypothyroidism, and osteoradionecrosis after radiation therapy for head and neck cancer.

Objectives: To analyze the long-term side effects of radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNC).

Methods: Retrospective chart analysis of all 688 HNC patients treated during 2010-2015 at Turku University Hospital, Finland. All patients who survived for more than a year after RT/chemoRT were included ( = 233).

The impact of lifestyle counselling on weight management and quality of life among working-age females.

Objective: Overweight and obesity are increasing globally. General practitioners (GP's) are at the first point of contact for medical support and consequently have a major role in resolving this overwhelming problem. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a brief lifestyle counselling on weight management and on the participants' quality of life (QoL).

The Association between Healthy Diet and Burnout Symptoms among Finnish Municipal Employees.

Background: Burnout is an undesirable mental condition, which may have a negative impact on individuals' health and work ability. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between diet and burnout symptoms among female public sector employees.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 among 630 female employees from 10 municipal work units of the city of Pori, Finland.

Loss of the MAF Transcription Factor in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

MAF is a transcription factor that may act either as a tumor suppressor or as an oncogene, depending on cell type. We have shown previously that the overexpressed miR-1290 influences MAF protein levels in LSCC (laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma) cell lines. In this study, we shed further light on the interaction between miR-1290 and , as well as on cellular MAF protein localization in LSCC.

Body surface area may explain sex differences in findings from the oral glucose tolerance test among subjects with normal glucose tolerance.

Background And Aims: Current guidelines on prediabetes and diabetes (T2D) recommend to regularly perform an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on subjects at risk of T2D. However, it is not known why women tend to have relatively higher 2-h post-load plasma (2hPG) glucose concentrations during OGTT than men. The aim of the present study is to investigate if there are sex differences in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2hPG concentrations in relation to body size in apparently healthy non-diabetic subjects with normal glucose tolerance.

The feasibility and outcome of a community-based primary prevention program for cardiovascular disease in the 21st century.

Objective: There is no evidence that systematic screening and risk factor modification in an unselected, asymptomatic population will reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a primary care CVD prevention program on mortality during a 13-year follow-up.

Design: A risk factor survey was sent, followed by a nurse-led lifestyle counselling to respondents with at least one CVD risk factor, and a general practitioner's (GP) appointment for high-risk persons.

Special Issue on the Effects of Prenatal Smoking/Nicotine Exposure on the Child's Health.

Smoking increases the risk of negative pregnancy and perinatal outcomes and may have negative effects on a child's short and long-term health [...

Both lean and fat body mass associate with blood pressure.

High body mass index (BMI) is known to be associated with elevated blood pressure (BP). The present study aims to determine the relative importance of the two components of BMI, fat mass and lean body mass index, on BP levels. We assessed body composition with bioimpedance and performed 24 hour ambulatory BP measurements in 534 individuals (mean age 61 ± 3 years) who had no cardiovascular medication.

Brain Basis of Psychopathy in Criminal Offenders and General Population.

Psychopathy is characterized by persistent antisocial behavior, impaired empathy, and egotistical traits. These traits vary also in normally functioning individuals. Here, we tested whether such antisocial personalities are associated with similar structural and neural alterations as those observed in criminal psychopathy.

Hyperuricemia Is Not an Independent Predictor of Erectile Dysfunction.

Introduction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is strongly associated with physiological and metabolic disturbances, and hyperuricemia has been proposed to predict the onset of ED.

Aim: To investigate if hyperuricemia is an independent predictor for ED when all relevant confounding factors are taken into account.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of men aged between 45 and 70 years.

A high lean body mass is not protecting from type 2 diabetes in the presence of a high body fat mass.

Aim: Most studies examining the associations between body composition and type 2 diabetes have been cross-sectional with prevalent diabetes diagnosis or they have analyzed only fat or lean body mass. Hence, the combined effect of fat and lean body mass on the risk of developing type 2 diabetes remains unclear. We investigated whether baseline lean and fat body mass taken simultaneously into account are associated with incidence of type 2 diabetes over a 15-year follow-up in older adults.