Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Management of Breast Cancer Patients.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected breast cancer patients by causing delays in diagnosis and treatment processes. This study aims to investigate the effects of the pandemic on the treatment process and short-term outcomes of breast cancer patients. This retrospective, cross-sectional, single-center study included 414 patients who underwent surgery for breast cancer at the Inonu University General Surgery Clinic between March 2018 and June 2021.

Effects of Transcranial and Trans-Spinal Direct Current Stimulation Combined with Robot-Assisted Gait Training on Gait and Fatigue in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Study.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological condition that impairs motor and sensory functions, particularly gait. Non-invasive neuromodulation techniques aim to enhance functional recovery and motor-cognitive outcomes, though their effectiveness remains debated. This study compared the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and trans-spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS), combined with robotic-assisted gait training (RAGT), on motor function and fatigue in people with MS (pwMS).

Can Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet Volume, and Platelet Distribution Width Be Used as Indicators of Delirium?

Postoperative delirium is a frequent complication in children undergoing general anesthesia. It has been suggested that inflammation and oxidative stress contribute to the pathophysiology of delirium. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between inflammatory markers and delirium.

Effects of Sequential Antimicrobial Phases on Root Canal Microbiome Dynamics in Two-Visit Treatment of Primary Apical Periodontitis: A Longitudinal Experimental Study.

Background: Effective management of primary apical periodontitis depends on understanding the dynamic interactions within the root canal microbiome. This study aimed to investigate the effect of sequential antimicrobial phases on the root canal microbiome during a two-visit treatment approach, with a focus on calcium hydroxide medication.

Methods: Samples were collected from three teeth across four treatment phases: initial infection (S1), after chemomechanical preparation (S2), after intracanal medication (S3), and after a final flush (S4).

Comparative Biomechanical Analysis of Kirschner Wire Fixation in Dorsally Displaced Distal Radius Fractures.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate and compare the biomechanical performance of two Kirschner (K) wire configurations-the intra-focal and interfragmentary techniques-for the fixation of dorsally displaced distal radius fractures. The study also assesses the impact of K-wire diameter (1.6 mm vs.

The Impact of Postoperative Albumin Levels on Furosemide Efficacy in Infants with Congenital Heart Disease.

Postoperative fluid overload is associated with increased mortality and morbidity in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD). Loop diuretics, such as furosemide, are commonly used to prevent fluid overload in the postoperative period. This study aimed to investigate the effect of postoperative albumin levels on the efficacy of furosemide after surgery in infants with CHD.

Rates of PCR Positivity of Pleural Drainage Fluid in COVID-19 Patients: Is It Expected?

Background: Tube thoracostomy, utilized through conventional methodologies in the context of pleural disorders such as pleural effusion and pneumothorax, constitutes one of the primary therapeutic interventions. Nonetheless, it is imperative to recognize that invasive procedures, including tube thoracostomy, are classified as aerosol-generating activities during the management of pleural conditions in patients afflicted with COVID-19, thus raising substantial concerns regarding the potential exposure of healthcare personnel to the virus. The objective of this investigation was to assess the SARS-CoV-2 viral load by detecting viral RNA in pleural drainage specimens from patients who underwent tube thoracostomy due to either pleural effusion or pneumothorax.

Artificial Intelligence in the Non-Invasive Detection of Melanoma.

Skin cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, with increasing incidence. Skin cancer is typically classified as melanoma or non-melanoma skin cancer. Although melanoma is less common than basal or squamous cell carcinomas, it is the deadliest form of cancer, with nearly 8300 Americans expected to die from it each year.

Molecular Markers in Embryo Non-Development: Analysis of Gene Expressions (, , ) in Spent Embryo Culture Medium.

An embryo culture medium is a specialized set of ambient conditions, technological equipment, and nutrients that embryos require to grow properly. We aimed to investigate the , , and gene expression differences between developing and non-developing embryos in spent embryo culture medium. , , and gene expressions were determined from the spent embryo culture medium containing developing and non-developing embryos of 20 normoresponder patients admitted to the Bahçeci Umut IVF Center.

GAN-Based Novel Approach for Generating Synthetic Medical Tabular Data.

The generation of synthetic medical data has become a focal point for researchers, driven by the increasing demand for privacy-preserving solutions. While existing generative methods heavily rely on real datasets for training, access to such data is often restricted. In contrast, statistical information about these datasets is more readily available, yet current methods struggle to generate tabular data solely from statistical inputs.

Neurodevelopmental Effects of Propranolol Treatment During Infancy in Infantile Hemangioma Patients.

Introduction And Aim: Propranolol is an effective treatment option for infantile hemangiomas, but there is still insufficient information about neurodevelopmental side effects of propranolol. In our study, the neurodevelopmental levels of infantile hemangioma patients receiving propranolol treatment were examined using the Bayley-III test.

Method: In our single-center, cross-sectional study, patients were recruited between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2023.

Cholelithiasis in Infants: Risk Factors, Management, and the Role of Ursodeoxycholic Acid.

Background: Cholelithiasis is a rare disease in infants, and there is limited data on its risk factors and management.

Objectives: To evaluate the risk factors, management, and response to medical treatment of cholelithiasis in infants.

Methods: Infants diagnosed with cholelithiasis by ultrasound between 2018 and 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.

The Utilization of Acetaminophen for Managing PGE1-Induced Fever in Neonates with Critical Congenital Heart Disease.

Introduction: We aimed to retrospectively evaluate the use of acetaminophen, which may be a risk factor for the ductal canal, in the treatment of fever due to prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) infusion in newborns with critical congenital heart disease (CCHD).

Methods: The study included newborns who were followed-up in our neonatal intensive care unit with the diagnosis of critical congenital heart disease, developed fever due to PGE1 infusion and had acetaminophen administered for antipyretic treatment. The patent ductus arteriosus diameters of the patients were evaluated by echocardiographic imaging before intravenous acetaminophen treatment and at the end of the day of acetaminophen treatment.

Assessment of the Diagnostic Performance of MUAC in Malnutrition Screening and Its Correlation with Other Anthropometric Indicators in Healthy Children and Adolescents.

Background/objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation of mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) z-scores with body mass index (BMI) and weight-for-height (WFH) z-scores to determine its reliability in identifying malnutrition and its potential in clinical practice in healthy children and adolescents.

Methods: Our study included 906 healthy children and adolescents aged between 2 months and 18 years who were admitted to University Hospital's General Pediatrics Clinic and attended 12 primary schools in 6 additional Izmir provinces. Anthropometric measurements (weight, length/standing height, MUAC, BMI, WFH) were performed.

Clinical Outcomes and Complication Rates of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts in Hydrocephalic Infants with Meningomyelocele: A Ten-Year Review at a Single Institution.

Background/objectives: This study aimed to investigate the surgical treatment and management of hydrocephalus in infants with meningomyelocele and compare the single-center experience with the previous studies.

Methods: This retrospective study included 81 infants (47 females and 34 males) who underwent meningomyelocele closure surgery and subsequent ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt surgery for hydrocephalus. Clinical and demographic data were retrospectively collected from hospital records, focusing on variables such as the timing of VP shunt placement relative to MMC closure, postoperative complications, and the need for shunt revisions.

Investigating Child Abuse in Sports: An Ecological Systems Perspective.

Background: This study examines child abuse in sports environments through Ecological Systems Theory, revealing the multifaceted nature of abuse and the impact of environmental factors at various levels.

Methods: With a study design using the phenomenology approach, a qualitative research method, data were collected through semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 11 Turkish participants, including 5 athletes, 4 coaches, and 2 academics with coaching experience in Sports Sciences. Thematic analysis was used to evaluate the data, categorizing findings into four levels: microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem.

Angiogenesis Dynamics: A Computational Model of Intravascular Flow Within a Structural Adaptive Vascular Network.

Background: Understanding vascular development and the key factors involved in regulating angiogenesis-the growth of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature-is crucial for developing therapeutic approaches to promote wound healing. Computational techniques offer valuable insights into improving angiogenic strategies, leading to enhanced tissue regeneration and improved outcomes for chronic wound healing. While chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) models are widely used for examining fundamental mechanisms in vascular development, they lack quantification of essential parameters such as blood flow rate, intravascular pressure, and changes in vessel diameter.

Impact of the Abdominal Drawing-In Maneuver on Spinal Extensor Muscle Activity: A Randomized Controlled Double-Blind Trial Involving Individuals with Non-Specific Low Back Pain.

Non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) is a common musculoskeletal issue that can limit function and reduce the patient's quality of life. Enhancing spinal stabilizer muscle activity through targeted exercises may help improve spinal alignment and alleviate NSLBP symptoms. This study aimed to investigate whether incorporating the abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) into selected low back exercises influences the electromyographic (EMG) activity of key spinal extensor muscles.

How Do Algorithmic Management Practices Affect Workforce Well-Being? A Parallel Moderated Mediation Model.

Modern workplaces increasingly use algorithmic management practices (AMPs), which shape task assignment, monitoring, and evaluation. Despite the potential benefits these practices offer, like increased efficiency and objectivity, their impact on workforce well-being (WFW) has raised concerns. Drawing on self-determination theory (SDT) and conservation of resources theory (COR), this study examines the relationship between algorithmic management practices and workforce well-being, incorporating job burnout (JBO) and perceived threat (PT) as parallel mediators and person-job fit (PJF) as a moderator.

Impact of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio on Stroke Severity and Clinical Outcome in Anterior Circulation Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke.

The prognostic value of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in ischemic stroke remains debated due to cohort variability and treatment heterogeneity across studies. This study evaluates the relationship between admission NLR, stroke severity and 90-day outcomes in patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion (LVO) undergoing early, successful revascularization. A retrospective multicenter study was conducted with 1082 patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke.

From Tradition to Innovation: Diverse Molecular Techniques in the Fight Against Infectious Diseases.

Infectious diseases impose a significant burden on global health systems due to high morbidity and mortality rates. According to the World Health Organization, millions die from infectious diseases annually, often due to delays in accurate diagnosis. Traditional diagnostic methods in clinical microbiology, primarily culture-based techniques, are time-consuming and may fail with hard-to-culture pathogens.

Biomarker Insights: Evaluation of Presepsin, Apelin, and Irisin Levels in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.

: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a skin disease caused by parasites. Presepsin, irisin, and apelin are biomarkers that are involved in the inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum levels of specific biomarkers, such as presepsin, apelin, and irisin, and the clinical features, location, number, and size of lesions in patients with CL.

Prenatal Predictors and Early Postnatal Outcomes in Fetuses Diagnosed with Tricuspid Atresia.

To assess the prenatal course and early postnatal outcomes of fetuses diagnosed with tricuspid atresia and to identify predictors of survival. This was a retrospective study of 25 fetuses diagnosed with tricuspid atresia in a single tertiary referral center, evaluating prenatal echocardiographic features and postnatal outcomes. A total of 4 of 29 initially diagnosed fetuses were excluded due to changes in diagnosis or loss to follow-up, leaving 25 fetuses for analysis.

Artificial Intelligence for Tooth Detection in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients.

Cleft lip and palate patients often present with unique anatomical challenges, making dental anomaly detection and numbering particularly complex. The accurate identification of teeth in these patients is crucial for effective treatment planning and long-term management. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool for enhancing diagnostic precision, yet its application in this specific patient population remains underexplored.

The Investigation of Somatostatin Receptors as a Potential Target in Breast Phyllodes Tumours.

Background: Somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) are expressed in most neuroendocrine neoplasms, particularly in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, and have been utilised as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. The radioiodinated somatostatin analogue 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid- Tyr3-octreotate (DOTATATE) has been employed for SSTR targeting for either diagnostic or therapeutic purposes depending on the labelling with Gallium or Lutetium, respectively. SSTR expression is reported in a subset of breast adenocarcinoma and breast neuroendocrine carcinomas; however, minimal knowledge exists regarding their expression in fibroepithelial (biphasic) breast lesions such as fibroadenoma and phyllodes tumours.