Application of the 2-archive multi-objective cuckoo search algorithm for structure optimization.

The study suggests a better multi-objective optimization method called 2-Archive Multi-Objective Cuckoo Search (MOCS2arc). It is then used to improve eight classical truss structures and six ZDT test functions. The optimization aims to minimize both mass and compliance simultaneously.

A nationwide cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia for the assessment of understanding and practices of clinicians towards personalized genetic testing.

In order to plan and facilitate the culture of personalized / precision medicine in medical practices within any healthcare institution, it is requisite for healthcare professionals like clinicians to have a clear understanding and approach towards the practices of personalized genetic testing. This nationwide cross-sectional study aimed to measure the perceptions and knowledge of clinicians towards personalized genetic testing and assess their current practices of personalized genetic testing in clinical settings through an online self-administered questionnaire in Saudi Arabia. The results of the study revealed that almost two-fifths of participants were responsible for ordering genetic tests directly (39.

Impact of Acacia-derived biochar to mitigate salinity stress in Zea mays L. by morpho-physiological and biochemical indices.

Climate change has caused many challenges to soil ecosystems, including soil salinity. Consequently, many strategies are advised to mitigate this issue. In this context, biochar is acknowledged as a useful addition that can alleviate the detrimental impacts of salt stress on plants.

Exploration of flame characteristics of gasoline engine fuelled by gasoline-pentanol blends using combustion endoscopy.

Alcohol-based fuels have shown high compatibility with spark-ignition (SI) engines, which require improvements in fuel efficiency and emissions reduction to meet modern environmental standards. While extensive research has been conducted on ethanol and other lower-order alcohols, there has been comparatively limited investigation into higher-order alcohols like butanol and pentanol as fuel alternatives. Previous studies on pentanol-gasoline blends in SI engines have demonstrated improved engine performance and reduced emissions.

Communication between DNA polymerases and Replication Protein A within the archaeal replisome.

Replication Protein A (RPA) plays a pivotal role in DNA replication by coating and protecting exposed single-stranded DNA, and acting as a molecular hub that recruits additional replication factors. We demonstrate that archaeal RPA hosts a winged-helix domain (WH) that interacts with two key actors of the replisome: the DNA primase (PriSL) and the replicative DNA polymerase (PolD). Using an integrative structural biology approach, combining nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy, we unveil how RPA interacts with PriSL and PolD through two distinct surfaces of the WH domain: an evolutionarily conserved interface and a novel binding site.

Impact of blood flow restriction intensity on pain perception and muscle recovery post-eccentric exercise.

Background: Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is a well-established phenomenon characterized by ultrastructural muscle damage that typically develops following unfamiliar or high-intensity exercise. DOMS manifests with a constellation of symptoms, including muscle tenderness, stiffness, edema, mechanical hyperalgesia, and a reduced range of joint motion. In recent years, the application of blood flow restriction (BFR) has garnered attention for its potential impact on DOMS.

Evaluation of Resilience and Stress Coping Styles of Primary Care Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This study aimed to investigate the resilience, stress levels, coping styles, and the impact of related factors among nurses working in primary healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic. Designed as a cross-sectional study, the research included 86 volunteer nurses employed in primary healthcare institutions in Bitlis provincial center and its districts in Turkey. Data were collected between March and June 2022 using a sociodemographic information form, the Resilience Scale for Adults, and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire.

The impact of "nurse-led education" vs. "nurse-led education plus peer support" on patients' decision for peritoneal dialysis treatment in chronic kidney disease patients.

Introduction: End-stage kidney disease patients face a critical decision regarding kidney replacement therapy options, which include kidney transplantation, hemodialysis, or peritoneal dialysis (PD). This study aims to evaluate the impact of nurse-led education (NE) alone vs. NE combined with peer support on the patients' decision over PD treatment in chronic kidney disease patients.

Insights Into Retinal Pathologies in Neurological Disorders: A Focus on Parkinson's Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Alzheimer's Disease.

Neurological diseases are central nervous system (CNS) disorders affecting the whole body. Early diagnosis of the diseases is difficult due to the lack of disease-specific tests. Adding new biomarkers external to the CNS facilitates the diagnosis of neurological diseases.

Plasma Exchange and N-Acetylcysteine Therapy in a Case of Congenital Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Presenting With Acute Renal Failure.

Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (cTTP), which is associated with mutations in the gene for a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif member 13 (ADAMTS13), is a chronic and lifelong disease. The clinical course is variable. Regularly using ADAMTS13-containing products such as fresh frozen plasma (FFP) for long-term prophylaxis is the most important treatment to prevent thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) episodes.

Assessment of Antibody Levels and Vaccine-induced Serologic Responses After Completion of Cancer Treatment in Pediatric Patients: A 6-Year Experience in Turkey on HAV, HBV, VZV, and MMR Vaccinations.

Objective: Childhood cancer treatment disrupts vaccination schedules and weakens or eliminates vaccine-induced immunity. In addition, post-treatment vaccine responses vary. This study aimed to assess post-treatment serum antibody levels and vaccine responses in children.

Eltrombopag for Treatment of Thrombocytopenia After Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Children: Single Center Experience.

Introduction: Thrombocytopenia is a common clinical problem in cancer patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). It can occur as prolonged isolated thrombocytopenia (PIT) or secondary failure of platelet recovery (SFPR) and may cause potentially fatal bleeding. However, data on the treatment of post-transplant thrombocytopenia is still lacking.

Posterior segment findings in a patient with a biallelic pathogenic variant.

Purpose: To report the posterior segment findings in a case with a biallelic frameshift pathogenic variant at chromosome 10 c.616del exon7 p.(His206Thrfs∗61).

Investigation of RhoA, ROCK1, and ROCK2 Gene Expressions in Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Objective: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that emerges in early childhood and is characterized by difficulties in social communication, repetitive behaviors, and restricted interests. The Ras homolog (Rho)/Rho-kinase signaling pathway plays a critical role in maintaining synaptic structure and function, as it regulates the actin cytoskeleton. This study aims to investigate the expression of the Ras homolog (Rho) family member A (), Rho-kinase 1 (), and Rho-kinase 2 () genes within this pathway in relation to ASD.

Hypoxic Preconditioning Prevents Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Death in Human Hair Follicle Stem Cells.

Objectives: This study investigated the impact of hypoxic preconditioning on the survival and oxidative stress tolerance of nestin-expressing hair follicle stem cells (hHFSCs) and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, two crucial cell types for central nervous system therapies. The study also examined the relative expression of three key genes, HIF1α, BDNF, and VEGF following hypoxic preconditioning.

Materials And Methods: hHFSCs were isolated from human hair follicles, characterized, and subjected to hypoxia for up to 72 hours.

Wound healing activity of green synthesized copper nanoparticles through cell proliferation-migration, antimicrobial effects, and nitric oxide triggering.

The present experimental study aimed to assess the wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects of green synthesized copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) by the methanol extract of (Boiss), as a plant with various pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, in traditional and modern medicine. The precipitation approach was used for the green synthesis of CuNPs by mixing the methanol and copper sulfate solution. Cell viability and fibroblast proliferation assay were performed by MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay.

Prevalence of in Birds of Iran and its Pathological Findings: A Review study.

is a flagellated protozoan parasite that affects numerous avian species worldwide, causing a range of diseases collectively termed trichomonosis. This review study aimed to present a comprehensive analysis of the prevalence of in birds of Iran, along with an exploration of its associated pathological findings. Through an extensive search of published studies, scientific databases, and relevant literature, we identified several studies conducted in Iran that focused on the prevalence of in different bird populations and their pathological effect.

Response rates of pazopanib therapy in metastatic soft tissue sarcoma using real‑world data.

The present study was a retrospective single-center study. A total of 81 patients diagnosed with metastatic soft tissue sarcoma were included who received pazopanib therapy. Clinical data, including age at diagnosis, histological subtype, treatments received before pazopanib, number of metastatic sites at the time of initiation of treatment, progression-free survival and overall survival time under pazopanib treatment, side effects and response evaluation in follow-up imaging after initiation of pazopanib therapy, were recorded.

A case series of VATS intrapericardial pneumonectomy: a bi-centric experience.

Background: Intrapericardial pneumonectomy is a complex procedure indicated for large lung tumors where safe dissection of major vascular structures outside the pericardium is unfeasible or when the pericardium itself is invaded. Traditionally managed via open thoracotomy, recent advancements in VATS techniques now allow for intrapericardial pneumonectomy even in cases with extensive tumors or locally advanced disease. In this article, we detail the clinical outcomes and surgical considerations of six patients with non-small cell lung cancer who underwent VATS intrapericardial pneumonectomy.

Perceptions of family physicians in Istanbul about e-cigarettes as smoking cessation aids: a qualitative study.

Background: Family physicians (FPs) are the first point of contact for people who smoke who are seeking to quit smoking in Türkiye. We aimed to explore Turkish FPs knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of e-cigarettes as smoking cessation aids.

Methods: Eleven in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with FPs in Istanbul, Türkiye.

Fear of violence and brain drain analysis among healthcare workers in Turkey.

Background: This study investigates the relationship between healthcare professionals' intention to emigrate and their exposure to violence in Turkey, using a quantile regression model. Through this approach, it aims to reveal how healthcare professionals' attitudes toward brain drain vary across different levels of fear of violence, considering factors such as professional experience and income.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed, utilizing a quantile regression model to analyze the variation in brain drain attitudes across different percentiles.

Activity of CDK4/6 inhibitors and parameters affecting survival in elderly patients in age-subgroups: Turkish Oncology Group (TOG) retrospective study.

Highly selective inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6is) have emerged as a standart of care for first- and second-line therapies in combination with endocrine therapy (ET) for HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients. It has been reported that combination therapy is more effective than ET alone and is safe in elderly patients as well as young patients. Nevertheless, elderly and very old patients with HR+/HER2-MBC treated with CDK4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) combinations are relatively underrepresented in randomized controlled trials.

Evaluation of the effects of thyroid functions on frailty in geriatric patients using the Edmonton, SOF and FRAIL Scales.

Unlabelled: BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE: Thyroid dysfunction in older adults often mimics the signs of aging, impacting metabolism and overall physiological balance. While age-related chronic conditions have been extensively studied, the relationship between thyroid function and frailty remains underexplored.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of thyroid dysfunction on frailty among individuals aged 65 years and older.

Healthcare access and cervical cancer awareness among Syrian refugee women in Türkiye: language, cultural, and economic challenges.

Background: The influx of Syrian refugees since 2012 has introduced demographic changes in Türkiye that face significant barriers to healthcare, particularly for women's health and cervical cancer awareness. Studies indicate alarmingly low awareness, with only 4% of Syrian women aware of the smear test.

Objective: This study examines cervical cancer awareness among Syrian refugee women in Türkiye and assesses the impact of sociocultural factors-education level, healthcare access, and language proficiency-on healthcare utilization.