Heterocyclic Antidepressants with Antimicrobial and Fungicide Activity.

In this review, the presence of antimicrobial and fungicidal activity in heterocyclic antidepressants was investigated. The already proven connection between the intestinal microbiome and mental health prompted the idea of whether these drugs disrupt the normal intestinal microflora. In addition, there is a serious problem of increasing resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics.

Development and Characterization of Antimicrobial Chitosan/Polyethylene Oxide/Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers.

This study introduces novel chitosan (CS) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) copolymers reinforced with bacterial cellulose (BC) to fabricate nanofibers using the electrospinning method. SEM analysis confirmed uniform nanofiber formation, with CS/PEO/BC nanofibers (~240 nm) exhibiting a larger diameter than CS/PEO ones (~190 nm). FTIR spectroscopy confirmed BC integration, while Differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated minimal impact on glass transition temperature.

Multi-Objective Optimization of Low-Velocity Impact and Compression Behavior of 3D-Printed PLA Cubic Samples.

This study investigates how various 3D printing parameters influence mechanical properties, specifically strength in compression and low-velocity impact (LVI) tests, and identifies the best printing parameters (layer thickness, nozzle diameter, and infill density) that lead to durable samples. Utilizing a Taguchi L orthogonal array, the study systematically examined the effects of three critical 3D printing parameters on the mechanical strength of cubic test samples. Nine experimental configurations were tested, each subjected to compression and LVI tests according to ASTM standards.

Optimization of Process Parameters for Steel Wire-Reinforced Polylactic Acid Composites Produced by Additive Manufacturing.

The mechanical performance of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)-produced polymer composites is highly dependent on processing parameters; however, most studies focus on unreinforced polymers, leaving a gap in understanding how these parameters influence continuous wire-reinforced composites. This study addresses this gap by investigating the effect of hatch spacing and layer thickness on the tensile properties of steel wire-reinforced PLA composites. The Taguchi method was employed to systematically optimize mechanical performance, using an L9 orthogonal array to evaluate tensile strength across different process conditions.

Predictive Value of the Naples Prognostic Score for One-Year Mortality in NSTEMI Patients Undergoing Selective PCI.

Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) is a common and severe condition that requires rapid and accurate risk assessment and treatment. The Naples prognostic score (NPS) is a novel risk score that integrates nutritional and inflammatory parameters. The aim of this study was to investigate the NPS as a predictor of one-year mortality in NSTEMI patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Could PTH/Ca Ratio Serve as a New Marker for Evaluating Bone Metabolism in Hemophilia Patients?

Low bone mineral density (BMD) is common in hemophilia patients. Identifying high-risk patients for low BMD early is essential to prevent complications and reduce morbidity. The parathyroid hormone (PTH)/calcium (Ca) ratio is a cost-effective marker for predicting BMD, highlighting the need for routine screening and early intervention in this population.

Long-Term Outcomes in Crosslinking Therapy for Patients with Progressive Keratoconus.

To investigate the mid- and long-term postoperative follow-up results of corneal crosslinking (CXL) treatment (using epi-on and epi-off techniques) in progressive keratoconus. This was a retrospective single center study conducted between October 2013 and July 2020. Patients who received CXL treatment with a diagnosis of progressive keratoconus were included in the study.

Retrospective Cohort Study: Severe COVID-19 Leads to Permanent Blunted Heart Rate Turbulence.

Heart rate turbulence (HRT) is a non-invasive technique that can be used to evaluate autonomic nervous system (ANS) function and cardiac arrhythmia. The objective of this study is to investigate whether COVID-19 can lead to long-term blunted HRT following recovery. This retrospective cohort study included 253 individuals with a confirmed history of COVID-19, referred to as the recovered COVID-19 group, along with 315 healthy participants who had no history of the virus.

Nutritional Status Is Associated with Mortality but Not Appropriate Discharge of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators in Patients with Heart Failure.

To investigate the predictive value of nutritional status in heart failure (HF) patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), and to identify factors associated with ICD discharge and mortality. This retrospective study was conducted by analyzing data from 2017 to 2021. HF patients who underwent ICD implantation for primary prevention were included.

A Comparison of Long-Term Right Ventricular Functions in Children with Transcatheter and Surgically Closed Secundum Atrial Septal Defects (ASDs): A Strain Echocardiography Study.

: Secundum-type atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the most common congenital heart defects, with an incidence of 5.64 per 10,000 live births worldwide. In our study, long-term follow-up results of children who underwent percutaneous ASD closure and patients who underwent surgical treatment were evaluated using right ventricular strain echocardiography and electrocardiography.

Comparison of Retinal Microvascular Changes in Axial Spondyloarthritis Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography: Anti-TNF vs. NSAID Therapy.

: The aim of this study was to investigate retinal and choroidal microvascular changes in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) treated with long-term anti-TNF therapy and NSAIDs and in healthy control subjects using optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCT-A). : A total of 162 eyes from 81 participants were included: 52 eyes from 26 axSpA patients treated with anti-TNF therapy (≥5 years), 44 eyes from 22 axSpA patients treated with NSAIDs, and 66 eyes from 33 healthy control subjects. SS-OCT-A imaging was used to assess retinal thickness, ganglion cell layer thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and the vessel densities of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and choriocapillaris (CC).

Fatty Liver Index vs. Biochemical-Anthropometric Indices: Diagnosing Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease with Non-Invasive Tools.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as a significant global burden, attributed to its increasing prevalence and strong correlation with metabolic syndrome and related conditions. Timely diagnosis and intervention are essential for minimizing the impact of MASLD. This study sought to analyze the efficacy of advanced anthropometric indices and non-invasive steatosis markers in diagnosing MASLD.

Artificial Intelligence-Supported and App-Aided Cephalometric Analysis: Which One Can We Trust?

: This study aimed to compare the reproducibility and reliability of the AI-supported WebCeph and app-aided OneCeph cephalometric analysis programs with a manual analysis method and to evaluate the analysis times. : The study material consisted of pretreatment lateral cephalograms from 110 cases. Cephalometric analyses were performed manually, using the WebCeph program, and using the OneCeph application.

Detection of Gallbladder Disease Types Using a Feature Engineering-Based Developed CBIR System.

Early detection and diagnosis are important when treating gallbladder (GB) diseases. Poorer clinical outcomes and increased patient symptoms may result from any error or delay in diagnosis. Many signs and symptoms, especially those related to GB diseases with similar symptoms, may be unclear.

Digital Age and Medicine: Visualization and Evaluation of Foot Anatomy with Artificial Intelligence.

: Artificial intelligence (AI) has attracted great interest due to its applicability in many fields. The adoption of visual illustration techniques produced by AI in the field of graphic design has further expanded the field of use of this technology. This study focuses on foot anatomy illustrations generated by Adobe Firefly and Microsoft Designer Image Creator applications, evaluating them based on detail, clarity, anatomical realism, accuracy, and aesthetic appeal.

The Two-Year Outcomes of Phacoemulsification Combined with GATT Versus Standalone GATT in Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Comparative Study.

: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the two-year outcomes of phacoemulsification combined with gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (PHACO-GATT) versus standalone GATT in terms of efficacy, safety, and surgical success. : This retrospective, comparative study included 64 eyes of 64 patients with moderate-to-severe open-angle glaucoma: 35 patients (54.7%) with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and 29 patients (45.

SADASNet: A Selective and Adaptive Deep Architecture Search Network with Hyperparameter Optimization for Robust Skin Cancer Classification.

Skin cancer is a major public health concern, where early diagnosis and effective treatment are essential for prevention. To enhance diagnostic accuracy, researchers have increasingly utilized computer vision systems, with deep learning-based approaches becoming the primary focus in recent studies. Nevertheless, there is a notable research gap in the effective optimization of hyperparameters to design optimal deep learning architectures, given the need for high accuracy and lower computational complexity.

Management Based on Pretreatment PSMA PET of Patients with Localized High-Risk Prostate Cancer Part 2: Prediction of Recurrence-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background And Objectives: For patients with prostate cancer (PCa), PSMA PET better diagnose metastases than conventional imaging. In a systematic review and meta-analysis (INPLASY register, 2024311004), we aimed to summarize findings with pretreatment PSMA PET in patients with PCa that was localized according to conventional imaging and summarize how pretreatment PSMA PET had influence on biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival and overall survival (OS).

Methods: We searched for publications in Pubmed, Google Scholar, ClinicalTrials.

Relationship of intensive care unit nurses' attitudes towards futile treatment with compassion fatigue and turnover intention.

Background: Intensive care units (ICUs) are high-stress environments where nurses frequently encounter futile treatments. These experiences can lead to compassion fatigue (CF) and increase turnover intention (TI) among ICU nurses.

Aim: To examine the levels of attitudes towards futile treatment (ATFT), CF and TI among ICU nurses, to explore their relationship and identify the factors influencing ATFT.

Predicting total healthcare demand using machine learning: separate and combined analysis of predisposing, enabling, and need factors.

Objective: Predicting healthcare demand is essential for effective resource allocation and planning. This study applies Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Services Use, focusing on predisposing, enabling, and need factors, using data from the 2022 Turkey Health Survey by TUIK. Machine learning methods provide a powerful approach to analyze these factors and their combined impact on healthcare utilization, offering valuable insights for health policy.

Comparative analysis of myopia correction outcomes and aberration changes between PRK and SMILE: A study based on strict refractive criteria.

Purpose: To analyze the refractive outcomes and changes in corneal aberrations after PRK and SMILE surgeries, and to compare these two methods.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective comparative study investigated patients aged 20-40 years who underwent SMILE or PRK for the correction of myopia between - 1.00 D and - 2.

The effect of retinopathy of prematurity on visual acuity, refraction, biometric values, retinal and choroidal thickness in school-aged children.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the long-term effects of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) on visual function and ocular anatomy. We compared biometric values, foveal thickness, and choroidal thickness among children with a history of ROP (stratified by treatment status), premature infants without ROP, and term-born children.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between september 2021 and february 2022 at the Ophthalmology Department of Ankara Bilkent City Hospital.

Factors predicting local or systemic side effects related to intravesical BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) therapy: a retrospective observational study.

Objective: Intravesical BCG treatment is the most frequently preferred adjuvant treatment option with its effective results in non-muscle invasive bladder tumors. Despite effective results, systemic and local side effects can be observed and can be one of the main reasons for treatment discontinuation. In this study we aimed to identify clinical factors predicting BCG-related side effects during intravesical BCG therapy in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

AI-assisted decision-making in mild traumatic brain injury.

Objective: This study evaluates the potential use of ChatGPT in aiding clinical decision-making for patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) by assessing the quality of responses it generates for clinical care.

Methods: Seventeen mild TBI case scenarios were selected from PubMed Central, and each case was analyzed by GPT-4 (March 21, 2024, version) between April 11 and April 20, 2024. Responses were evaluated by four emergency medicine specialists, who rated the ease of understanding, scientific adequacy, and satisfaction with each response using a 7-point Likert scale.

Mapping variants in thyroid hormone transporter MCT8 to disease severity by genomic, phenotypic, functional, structural and deep learning integration.

Predicting and quantifying phenotypic consequences of genetic variants in rare disorders is a major challenge, particularly pertinent for 'actionable' genes such as thyroid hormone transporter MCT8 (encoded by the X-linked SLC16A2 gene), where loss-of-function (LoF) variants cause a rare neurodevelopmental and (treatable) metabolic disorder in males. The combination of deep phenotyping data with functional and computational tests and with outcomes in population cohorts, enabled us to: (i) identify the genetic aetiology of divergent clinical phenotypes of MCT8 deficiency with genotype-phenotype relationships present across survival and 24 out of 32 disease features; (ii) demonstrate a mild phenocopy in ~400,000 individuals with common genetic variants in MCT8; (iii) assess therapeutic effectiveness, which did not differ among LoF-categories; (iv) advance structural insights in normal and mutated MCT8 by delineating seven critical functional domains; (v) create a pathogenicity-severity MCT8 variant classifier that accurately predicted pathogenicity (AUC:0.91) and severity (AUC:0.