Detection of selected vector-borne pathogens in domestic animals, ectoparasites, and their owners in a rural community in Southwest Guatemala.

Vector-borne pathogens, which are transmitted by blood-feeding arthropods to animals and people, are common in tropical regions where, combined with economic factors, can cause significant public health burden. A community-level study was undertaken in southwestern Guatemala to assess the presence of vector-borne pathogens in blood samples from humans (n = 98), their animals (n = 90), and ectoparasites (n = 83) over a period of 2 weeks. Human capillary blood was collected from participant's index finger, and animal venous blood (chickens, pigs, dogs, and cats) was collected from the jugular or cephalic veins at the enrollment period of a concurrent study.

Mechanical thrombectomy in elderly stroke patients with low ASPECTS: insights from STAR.

Background: The elderly population (≥80 years) were underrepresented in recent trials of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for anterior circulation large vessel occlusion acute ischemic stroke (LVO-AIS) with low Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) (≤5).

Methods: This study analyzed data from a prospectively maintained database of 37 thrombectomy centers. The primary cohort of the study comprised patients with LVO-AIS aged ≥80 who underwent EVT with ASPECTS≤5 from 2013 to 2023.

Burden and mortality of breast cancer attributed to diabetes and smoking in women: a secondary analysis based on Global Burden of Disease 2019 in North Africa and the Middle East.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer in the world. This study aimed to investigate the burden of BC due to some risk factors in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries from 1990 to 2019.

Methods: This study is a secondary analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease 2019 data.

Lorlatinib Induced Blindness: A Rare Entity.

Lorlatinib is a central nervous system (CNS) penetrant third generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) approved for the first line management of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement [1] which accounts for 3-5% of NSCLC cases [2]. The most commonly reported side effects include hyperlipidemia, edema, peripheral neuropathy and CNS effects [2]. While ocular side effects such as photopsia, blurred vision, vitreous floaters and diplopia have been documented with another ALK TKI, crizotinib, there are few reports of such effects with lorlatinib [3].

Tailoring amino-functionalized n-alkyl methacrylate ester-based bio-hybrids for adsorption of methyl orange dye: Controllable macromolecular architecture via polysaccharide-integrated ternary copolymerization.

Controllable macromolecular architecture formation via polysaccharide integrated ternary copolymerization was explored in the design of amino-functionalized n-alkyl methacrylate ester-based biohybrids. Ternary poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate-co-hydroxypropyl methacrylate)/sodium-alginate, PDGH/ALG, hybrids were designed using anionic polysaccharide through in-situ radical polymerization. An insight into the effect of ALG on physicochemical structure of ternary hybrids, particularly the interactions between polymeric chains, was created.

Resting-state electroencephalographic rhythms depend on sex in patients with dementia due to Parkinson's and Lewy Body diseases: An exploratory study.

Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are more prevalent in males than females. Furthermore, they typically showed abnormally high delta (< 4 Hz) and low alpha (8-10 Hz) rhythms from resting-state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) activity. Here, we hypothesized that those abnormalities may depend on the patient's sex.

Lutein, a non-provitamin A carotenoid, reduces cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity.

Cardiovascular complications resulting from cisplatin (CS) are a significant factor that can disrupt the treatment plan associated with this chemotherapy. This information led us to investigate the effectiveness of lutein (LT), which has antioxidant effects, in preventing CS-induced cardiotoxic effects. After 28 rats were randomly divided into four equal groups, saline (1ml/day) was administered to the control group, LT (100mg/kg/day) to the LT group, CS (10mg/kg) to the CS group, and active agents in the LT and CS groups were administered to the CS + LT group in the same dose and manner.

Prospective Memory Performance and Its Resting-State Functional Connectivity Correlates in Individuals with Memory Complaints.

This study aimed to investigate prospective memory (PM) in patients with memory complaints but without dementia (PWD) and correlate findings with resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) alterations. We hypothesized that PM impairment would be evident at a certain relatively early point in the continuum and specific rsFC patterns would be the neuroimaging signature of this impairment. Sixty PWD participated in the study.

Association Between ABO Blood Group, Peripheral Artery Disease Lesion Severity, and Coronary Artery Disease Coexistence.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationship between ABO blood groups and the severity of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) lesions, the coexistence of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) with PAD, and to identify which blood groups may be more predisposed to these conditions.

Methods: This study, which has a single-center and retrospective design, includes 305 patients diagnosed with Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) between 2015 and 2021. The patients were selected from those with at least 50% stenosis detected by computed tomography (CT) angiography.

Evaluation of Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Compliance: A Multicentre Point Prevalence Study.

Background: This study aimed to determine the frequency of compliance with surgical prophylaxis in Turkey and to identify the causes and risk factors for non-compliance.

Methods: This multi-center, prospective, point prevalence study was conducted in eight hospitals from different regions of Turkey. Patients over 18 years who underwent surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) in all hospital surgical units were included in the study.

Evaluation of social media privacy, internet addiction in adolescents who are victims of sexual abuse and digital awareness in their parents.

Background: Childhood sexual abuse is the exploitation of a child by an adult for sexual purposes. Many cases go undetected and can occur across all socioeconomic levels, ages, genders, and regions. With the rise of internet use, abuse is increasingly occurring online, with some online relationships escalating to in-person sexual contact between the victim and offender.

One step synthesis of tryptophan-isatin carbon nano dots and bio-applications as multifunctional nanoplatforms.

The development of natural molecule-derived carbon nano dots (CNDs) marks a significant advancement in biocompatible and sustainable nanomaterials. Tryptophan, capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB), serves as a precursor to numerous pharmacologically active compounds, while isatin and its derivatives have demonstrated anti-tumor effects, including against brain cancers. This study aimed to synthesize fluorescent CNDs from tryptophan-isatin hybrid precursor and explore their applications in glioblastoma treatment.

The role of non-respiratory arousals in residual daytime sleepiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea treated with positive airway pressure: An analysis of the European Sleep Apnea Database registry.

Study Objectives: To assess the impact of the non-respiratory arousal burden at baseline polysomnography (PSG) on residual daytime sleepiness in positive airway pressure (PAP)-treated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods: We included OSA patients from the European Sleep Apnea Database registry with available arousal data who had at least 2 treatment follow-up visits. The primary outcome was the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score under PAP.

Predictors of early childhood insomnia according to parent-rated degree of severity.

This study aimed to investigate child and maternal-related predictors of Early Childhood Insomnia (ECI) based on a parent-rated severity in a convenience sample of mother-infant dyads with ECI. We conducted a single-center, cross-sectional prospective study involving infants aged 6-36 months who attended the Pediatric Behavioral Sleep Outpatient Clinic at Marmara University Hospital, Istanbul, over 5 years for ECI. Infant sleep was evaluated by Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire.

The 2D:4D ratios in the mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Background: Prenatal exposure to high levels of testosterone affects the development of the brain. The purpose of this study was to compare the mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and those of healthy children in terms of the digit ratio (2D:4D). It also examines the relationship between ADHD symptoms and the 2D:4D in mothers.

Chemometric tools to comprehend a recovery process for the bioactive ingredients from purple basil (Ocimum basilicum L.): Box-Behnken design-based optimization and principal component analysis.

Medicinal and aromatic plants are alternative products to synthetics because of their antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic effects. The objective of this study is to investigate the automated solvent extraction (ASE) process parameters for the extraction of bioactive-rich substances from purple basil (Ocimum basilicum L.).

Artificial sweeteners and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A review of current developments and future research directions.

While artificial sweeteners are Generally Regarded as Safe (GRAS), the scientific community remains divided on their safety status. The previous assumption that artificial sweeteners are inert within the body is no longer valid. Artificial sweeteners, known for their high intense sweetness and low or zero calories, are extensively used today in food and beverage products as sugar substitutes and are sometimes recommended for weight management and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Computational modeling of the anti-inflammatory complexes of IL37.

Interleukin (IL) 37 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine belonging to the IL1 protein family. Owing to its pivotal role in modulating immune responses, elucidating the IL37 complex structures holds substantial therapeutic promise for various autoimmune disorders and cancers. However, none of the structures of IL37 complexes have been experimentally characterized.

Evaluation of predictive factors of idiopathic intracranial hypertension in different clinics.

Purpose: Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) is marked by elevated intracranial pressure without an identifiable cause. This study aimed to compare predictive factors between two IIH groups: those experiencing remission (single attack) and those developing migrainous headaches, in order to identify factors influencing the disease's progression.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted after obtaining ethics committee approval.

Large-scale protein extraction from oat hulls using two hydrodynamic cavitation techniques: A comparison of extraction efficiency and protein nutritional properties.

This study explored large-scale protein extraction from oat hulls using two hydrodynamic cavitation (HDC) devices, assessing extraction efficiency and protein nutritional qualities. The extraction methods HDC 50 (NaOH) and HDC 20 (NaOH) were shown to be 10.8 and 3.

A computer-assisted rehabilitation program improves self-management, cognition, and quality of life in epilepsy: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a computer-assisted rehabilitation program on self-management, cognitive function, and quality of life in people with epilepsy (PwE).

Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 44 PwE (22 intervention, 22 control) at a university hospital's neurology clinic. The intervention group received 12 sessions of the RehaCom program (45 min/session, twice a week for six weeks).

Rare Rib-Originating Solitary Plasmacytoma: Retrospective Analysis and Surgical Outcomes.

Introduction: Solitary plasmacytomas are tumors characterized by a local increase of malignant plasma cells in soft tissue or bone and may occur anywhere without evidence of systemic disease. The aim was to focus on the main surgical techniques and outcomes for this rare chest wall tumor.

Methods: Patients with solitary plasmacytoma involving a rib, who were operated for diagnostic or treatment purposes between 2018 and 2023 were retrospectively reviewed.

Effects of abdominal, vaginal, and laparoscopic hysterectomies on total oxidant/antioxidant levels: A prospective observational study.

This prospective observational study aimed to compare abdominal hysterectomy (AH), vaginal hysterectomy (VH), and total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) in terms of oxidative stress (OS) by measuring serum levels of total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI). Of the 3 groups, namely, AH, VH, and TLH, 22 patients were enrolled in each to investigate the aim of the study mentioned above. Patient demographics, clinical and surgical characteristics, and preoperative and postoperative (0th and 24th hours) serum TAS, TOS, and OSI levels were investigated.

Rare Neoplastic Meningitis in Cerebellar Medulloblastoma Detected by PET/CT.

Neoplastic meningitis, also known as leptomeningeal metastases, is a rare clinical entity seen in less than 1%-2% of primary nervous system tumors. Diagnosis of leptomeningeal metastases is difficult and is achieved by cytologic evidence of malignant cells in cerebrospinal fluid, or demonstration of radiologic abnormality. 18F-FDG PET/CT can detect leptomeningeal metastases before anatomical changes.