Investigation of Carbapenemase-Producing at Secondary Care Hospital in Bolu, Turkey.

The global increase in carbapenem resistance poses a significant public health threat due to the potential emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens and limited treatment options. To learn more about this issue and offer potential solutions, we conducted a study of carbapenem-resistant (CRPA) infections in a secondary care hospital setting. The study utilized the carbapenem inactivation method (CIM), a leading phenotypic analysis, to determine carbapenemase activity in 63 CRPA isolates.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia outbreak with a commercial blood gas injector as the culprit and interventions for source and prevention: A possible passage between patient and ECMO water heater device.

Background: Despite low virulence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, it represents one of the leading drug-resistant bacteria. We report a large outbreak of S. maltophilia infection associated with an unexpected source, which turned out to be a commercial needleless blood gas injector.

A retrospective observational cohort study of the clinical epidemiology of bloodstream infections due to carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in an OXA-48 endemic setting.

This study aimed to characterize the epidemiology and clinical outcomes of patients with bloodstream infections (BSIs) due to carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) in an OXA-48-predominant environment. This was a retrospective single-centre cohort study including all consecutive patients with CRKP BSIs treated between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2018. Multivariate analysis, subgroup analysis and propensity-score-matched analysis were employed to analyse 30-day mortality as the primary outcome.

RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF BORDERLINE OVARIAN TUMORS: OUTCOMES AT A SINGLE CENTER.

We wanted to discuss our experiences in the approach to borderline ovarian tumors, which constitute a group different from epithelial ovarian tumors with respect to their biological structure in line with retrospective information gathered from our cases. A total of 25 patients operated on for the indication of adnexal masses diagnosed as borderline ovarian tumors based on frozen section results were included in our study. Patient age, tumor diameter, tumor markers and surgeries performed were discussed in the light of the literature.

Course of encephalopathy in a cirrhotic dialysis patient treated sequentially with peritoneal and hemodialysis.

End-stage kidney disease and advanced cirrhosis are sometimes seen concomitantly. There is no consensus on dialysis modality in terms of determining the optimal way of treating these patients. It has been suggested that peritoneal dialysis is a better choice for these patients, but efficacy of hemodialysis in stable cirrhotic patients has not been evaluated sufficiently.

Rhabdomyolysis, compartment syndrome and thermal injury.

Rhabdomyolysis (RML) after electrical burns and crush injuries is a well-known clinical entity, but its occurrence following thermal injury has not gained so much attention. Capillary leak syndrome and following polycompartmental syndrome are devastating end results of major thermal injuries. In the current review, polycompartment syndrome within the clinical picture of systemic oedema and its relationship to RML is discussed along with its management and prevention.

Serum orexin-A (OXA) level decreases in polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Aim: In the current study, we aimed to investigate whether serum orexin-A (OXA) levels are different in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) subjects.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six women with PCOS and 40 healthy, age and body mass index-matched controls were included in the prospective cross-sectional study. All subjects underwent venous blood draws during the early follicular phase after overnight fasting.

Infection control in severely burned patients.

In the last two decades, much progress has been made in the control of burn wound infection and nasocomial infections (NI) in severely burned patients. The continiually changing epidemiology is partially related to greater understanding of and improved techniques for burn patient management as well as effective hospital infection control measures. With the advent of antimicrobial chemotherapeutic agents, infection of the wound site is now not as common as, for example, urinary and blood stream infections.

Intracranial involvement in a patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Intracranial and intraspinal involvement is a rare complication of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Intracranial involvement is observed in 0.2 to 0.

Fistulisation of pyogenic liver abscess into the portal vein and bile ducts.

We report pyogenic liver abscess complicated by fistulisation into the portal vein and bile ducts in a 58-year-old diabetic woman, who was admitted to the hospital with fever, chills and rigors. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography demonstrated a 7-cm multiloculated abscess in segment III, close to the left branch of the portal vein. The abscess was drained under fluoroscopic guidance in a single pass.

Pre-operative trans-thoracic doppler ultrasonography evaluation and intraoperative manual evaluation of the left internal thoracic artery in patients with type 2 diabetes with coronary artery disease.

Patients with coronary artery disease, with (n = 25) and without (n = 59) type 2 diabetes, who were scheduled to undergo coronary artery bypass grafting were enrolled in this prospective study. The left internal thoracic artery (LITA) was assessed for graft suitability before surgery by trans-thoracic Doppler ultra sonography and during surgery by manual measurement. Significant differences were seen between preoperative and intra-operative LITA blood flow rates and LITA diameters, and the values of each at the two time points showed significant correlation, suggesting that pre-operative measurements largely related to intra-operative conditions.

Lower extremity isokinetic muscle strength in patients with Parkinson's disease.

We evaluated lower extremity isokinetic muscle strength to determine affected muscle groups and their dependence on movement velocity, and to establish the relationship between muscle strength and clinical severity, as well as muscle strength and falls, in Parkinson's disease (PD). Twenty-five patients diagnosed with PD and 24 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. Lower extremity muscle strength was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer.

On-pump coronary artery bypass surgery in high-risk patients aged over 65 years (EuroSCORE 6 or more): impact on early outcomes.

The results of on-pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery in 166 high-risk elderly patients (EuroSCORE 6 or more; over age 65 years [mean 71.8 years]) were compared with 176 low-risk elderly patients (EuroSCORE below 6; over age 65 years [mean 68.8 years]).

Effect of the preservation-to-surgery interval on corneal allograft survival in low-risk patients.

Background And Objective: To investigate the role of the preservation-to-surgery interval on corneal allograft survival in low-risk patients.

Patients And Methods: Eighteen donor corneas obtained from an overseas eye bank were preserved and transported overseas in Optisol-GS solution (Chiron Vision, Irvine, CA) in Group 1. Thirty fresh, young, healthy, and unscreened donor corneas soaked in the same medium were used in Group 2.

Cerebellar abscess and syringomyelia due to isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

A 19-year-old immunocompetent man was admitted to hospital with diplopia, nausea, vomiting and change in mental status. The patient had a history of tuberculous meningitis that was diagnosed at another hospital 6 months before the present admission, and at that time anti-tuberculosis treatment was initiated using a first-line drug combination. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain revealed non-communicating hydrocephalus.

Protective effects of leflunomide against ischemia-reperfusion injury of the rat liver.

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury may be developed in some conditions, such as trauma, major hepatic resection, hemorrhagic shock or liver transplantation. I/R injury of the liver causes hepatocellular damage that may lead to hepatic failure. A considerable body of evidence indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation may contribute to hepatocellular injury in liver I/R.

Elevated nucleated red blood cell count: a population-based study.

Objective: To assess the prevalence and causes of elevated nucleated red blood cell (NRBC) count.

Study Design: We conducted a 1-year, population-based surveillance study that included pregnant women and their infants from our medical center, which serves as a tertiary referral hospital. Outcome measures included NRBC count, gestational age, mode of delivery, birth weight, Apgar scores, cord blood gasses, rate of neonatal intensive care unit admission.

Comparison of three different combination therapies in the treatment of human brucellosis.

The efficacy and tolerability of three different combination treatment regimens in human brucellosis were compared in 118 uncomplicated patients enrolled in a prospective study between May 1997 and December 2002. Brucellosis was diagnosed using standard clinical and microbiological findings. Patients with central nervous system involvement, spondylitis, endocarditis or children under 16 years of age were excluded from the study.

Neutropenic enterocolitis (typhlitis) associated with infectious mononucleosis.

Neutropenic enterocolitis (typhlitis) is an unusual acute complication of neutropenia, most often associated with leukaemia and lymphoma and characterized by segmental caecal and ascending colonic ulceration that may progress to necrosis, perforation, and septicaemia. We present a unique case of an 8-year-old girl with recently diagnosed infectious mononucleosis having findings consistent with typhlitis on abdominal CT.

Association between cytokines in induced sputum and severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Cytokines are known to be increased in induced sputum in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, the relationship between the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in induced sputum of patients with exacerbation of COPD, and the severity of the disease, pulmonary function tests (PFT), arterial blood gases (ABG) were studied. Twenty-four patients with exacerbation of COPD were included in the study.

Effect of water extract of Turkish propolis on tuberculosis infection in guinea-pigs.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H(37)R(v))-infected guinea-pig model was used to investigate the effect of water extract of propolis (WEP). After subcutaneous inoculation of tubercle bacilli, each animal received oral WEP (n=9), isoniazid (n=5) or saline (n=6) as placebo and were sacrificed 30 days later. Formation of necrosis was less prominent in the group treated with WEP, but was not statistically significant (P>0.

Labor induction post-term with 25 micrograms vs. 50 micrograms of intravaginal misoprostol.

Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of 25 microg vs. 50 microg of intravaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening and labor induction beyond 41 weeks' gestation.

Methods: The study population consisted of 120 women not in active labor with a gestational age >41 weeks, singleton pregnancy with vertex presentation, reactive fetal heart rate tracing, amniotic fluid index >/=5, and Bishop score <5.

Effectiveness of intravenous ephedrine infusion during spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section based on maternal hypotension, neonatal acid-base status and lactate levels.

Maternal cardiovascular changes and neonatal acid-base status, including lactate levels, were assessed in 30 healthy women undergoing elective caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. Patients were allocated randomly to receive IV ephedrine infusion (n = 15) (5 mg.min(-1) immediately after the spinal injection or bolus administration of IV ephedrine (n = 15) (10 mg) in case of development of hypotension.

Aqueous humor adrenomedullin levels differ in patients with different types of glaucoma.

Purpose: Adrenomedullin is a multifunctional 52 amino acid large peptide. Recent studies have reported that it is expressed in the iris-ciliary body in the eye and that it decreases intraocular pressure (IOP) by increasing outflow facility via specific adrenomedullin receptors, suggesting a role for this peptide in controlling IOP. In the present study, we aimed to explore clinically the possible involvement of adrenomedullin in the pathophysiology of glaucoma.

Serum homocysteine level is increased and correlated with endothelin-1 and nitric oxide in Behçet's disease.

Background/aims: Behçet's disease (BD) is a systemic inflammatory vasculitis of young adults with unknown aetiology, characterised by endothelial dysfunction and occlusion in both deep venous and retinal circulation. Ocular involvement occurs in 70% of cases and is characterised by periphlebitis, periarteritis, vascular occlusion, and thrombosis leading to blindness despite vigorous treatment. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a vasoconstricting peptide while nitric oxide (NO) is a relaxing molecule and both are released by endothelium for blood flow regulation.