Interaction analysis of subgroup effects in randomized trials: the essential methodological points.

Subgroup analysis aims to identify subgroups (usually defined by baseline/demographic characteristics), who would (or not) benefit from an intervention under specific conditions. Often performed post hoc (not pre-specified in the protocol), subgroup analyses are prone to elevated type I error due to multiple testing, inadequate power, and inappropriate statistical interpretation. Aside from the well-known Bonferroni correction, subgroup treatment interaction tests can provide useful information to support the hypothesis.

Pancreatic stump closure after distal pancreatectomy: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials comparing non-autologous versus no reinforcement: Value of prediction intervals.

Background: This meta-analysis of randomized trials aimed to assess the benefits and harms of non-autologous versus no reinforcement of the pancreatic stump following distal pancreatectomy (DP).

Methods: It was performed in accordance with PRISMA 2020 and AMSTAR 2 Guidelines. (registered in PROSPERO ID: EROCRD42021286863).

Uncovering the Spectrum of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Nephrology Department's Analysis of 14 Cases.

Introduction: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a disease of multi-organ dysfunction due to excessive immune activation causing widespread inflammation and tissue destruction. It is a severe condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Early identification is crucial for prompt treatment.

Identification of the Contamination Sources by PCBs Using Multivariate Analyses: The Case Study of the Annaba Bay (Algeria) Basin.

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), particularly the indicator polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), were first quantified in water and sediments of two wadis, Boujemaâ and Seybouse, as well as in the effluents from a fertilizer and phytosanitary production industrial plant (Fertial). Since these contaminated discharges end in Annaba Bay (Algeria) in the Mediterranean Sea, with a significant level of contamination, all the potential sources should be identified. In this work, this task is conducted by a multivariate analysis.

Umbrella review of the efficacy of perioperative immunonutrition in visceral surgery.

Introduction: Immunonutrition (IN) is used in major visceral surgery to reduce postoperative complications. This umbrella review (review of reviews) collects and analyses data on the efficacy of perioperative IN.

Methods: The review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines.

The hypercoagulable state in multiple myeloma: The contribution of thrombin generation test.

Background: Multiple myeloma is a hematologic malignancy which confers a high venous thromboembolic risk. This risk is linked to patient-related factors, disease-specific mechanisms, and antimyeloma therapy, especially immunomodulatory drugs. Some studies have suggested that the thrombin generation assay may be a predictive marker of thrombosis.

MRI T2 Mapping of Knee Articular Cartilage Using Different Acquisition Sequences and Calculation Methods at 1.5 Tesla.

Objective: This study aims to determine how magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition techniques and calculation methods affect T2 values of knee cartilage at 1.5 tesla and to identify sequences that can be used for high-resolution T2 mapping in short scanning times.

Materials And Methods: This study was performed on phantom and 29 patients who underwent MRI of the knee joint at 1.

The international normalized ratio (INR): What reagent, what instrument? The assessment of the agreement between INR values according to different reagent/instrument combinations.

What Is Known And Objective: The international normalized ratio (INR) is widely used to monitor patients on vitamin K antagonists. This study aimed to assess the agreement of INR values obtained with different thromboplastin/instrument combinations.

Material And Methods: International normalized ratio was determined on plasmas from 330 patients undergoing antivitamin K treatment (with acenocoumarol), using two calibration methods and four reagent/instrument combinations: Both Neoplastine CI and Neoplastine CI Plus on STA-R instrument from Diagnostica STAGO, Asnières, France; and both Thromborel S and Innovin on SYSMEX 2100i instrument from Siemens Health Care Diagnostics, Marbung, Germany.

The evaluation of the relevance of thrombin generation and procoagulant activity in thrombotic risk assessment in BCR-ABL-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm patients.

Introduction: It has been recently suggested that microparticles (MP) play a role in the pathogenesis of thrombotic complications. This study aimed to assess the contribution of procoagulant activity expressed by circulating MP in thrombotic events in MPN patients.

Methods: Seventy-four MPN patients were enrolled in a trans-sectional study.

Targeted Therapies in HER2-Overexpressing Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) is amplified in 25-30% of breast cancers and is associated with aggressive disease and poorer survival. Multiple anti-HER2 targeted therapies have dramatically changed management and outcome of this subgroup, both in adjuvant and metastatic settings. Despite the improvement of survival thanks to trastuzumab, unclear mechanisms of resistance occur, which has led to the development of new anti-HER2 therapies such as lapatinib, pertuzumab, and trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1).

Haemostatic balance in cirrhosis.

Despite the prolongation of coagulation tests, recent studies reported an increased frequency of thromboembolic events in patients with cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the haemostatic balance in cirrhotic patients through assessing the variation of pro- and anticoagulant factors and evaluating the in-vitro thrombin generation in patients with cirrhosis and in healthy patients. Fifty-one cirrhotic patients with or without thromboembolic events and 50 controls matched by age and sex were enrolled.