Intensive, Real-Time Data Collection of Psychological and Physiological Stress During a 96-Hour Field Training Exercise at a Senior Military College: Feasibility and Acceptability Cohort Study.

Background: Poor physical fitness, stress, and fatigue are factors impacting military readiness, national security, and economic burden for the United States Department of Defense. Improved accuracy of wearable biosensors and remote field biologic sample collection strategies could make critical contributions to understanding how physical readiness and occupational stressors result in on-the-job and environment-related injury, sleep impairments, diagnosis of mental health disorders, and reductions in performance in war-fighters.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of intensive biomarker and biometric data collection to understand physiological and psychological stress in Army Reserved Officer Training Corps cadets before, during, and after a 96-hour field training exercise (FTX).

Disclosure of mandatory and voluntary nutrition labelling information across major online food retailers in the USA.

Objective: Nutrition labelling is mandatory on food products in retail stores, but compliance in the rapidly expanding online setting remains unclear. We assessed mandatory and voluntary labelling information across major U.S.

Hidden: A Baker's Dozen Ways in Which Research Reporting is Less Transparent than it Could be and Suggestions for Implementing Einstein's Dictum.

The tutelage of our mentors as scientists included the analogy that writing a good scientific paper was an exercise in storytelling that omitted unessential details that did not move the story forward or that detracted from the overall message. However, the advice to not get lost in the details had an important flaw. In science, it is the many details of the data themselves and the methods used to generate and analyze them that give conclusions their probative meaning.

Food Compass 2.0 is an improved nutrient profiling system to characterize healthfulness of foods and beverages.

Food Compass is a nutrient profiling system used to assess the healthfulness of diverse foods, beverages and meals. Here we present a revised version of Food Compass (Food Compass 2.0) incorporating new data on specific ingredients and the latest diet-health evidence.

Physical Activity Behaviors and Negative Safety and Violence Experiences Among High School Students - Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2023.

Schools are in a unique position to offer opportunities for students to be physically active throughout the school day and promote health and well-being. However, experiences that threaten safety or perceptions of safety might affect students' physical activity behaviors. Using the 2023 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey, six physical activity behaviors and five negative safety and violence experiences were examined from a nationally representative sample of U.

Skipping Breakfast and Academic Grades, Persistent Feelings of Sadness or Hopelessness, and School Connectedness Among High School Students - Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2023.

Breakfast consumption is positively associated with academic achievement and diet quality among students, whereas skipping breakfast has been linked with poor mental health. Data from CDC's 2023 nationally representative Youth Risk Behavior Survey were used to describe how often high school students ate breakfast in the past 7 days and the associations between skipping breakfast every day (ate breakfast on 0 of the past 7 days), experiencing persistent feelings of sadness or hopelessness, school connectedness, and self-reported grades. Prevalence estimates and corresponding 95% CIs were calculated, and t-tests were used to identify differences within demographic groups (e.

Ultraprocessed food intake and body mass index change among youths: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Suboptimal diets may promote undesired weight gain in youths, with high ultraprocessed food (UPF) intake becoming a significant concern in the United States.

Objectives: We evaluated the association between UPF intake and body mass index [BMI (in kg/m)] change in large United States youth cohorts.

Methods: Participants included children and adolescents (7-17 y) from the Growing Up Today Study (GUTS1 and GUTS2) who completed baseline and ≥1 follow-up diet and anthropometrics assessment (GUTS1 1996-2001: N = 15,797; GUTS2 2004-2011: N = 9720).

Food is Medicine National Summit: Transforming Health Care.

Food is Medicine (FIM) interventions reflect the critical links between food security, nutrition security, health, and health equity, integrated into health care delivery. They comprise programs that provide nutritionally tailored food, free of charge or at a discount, to support disease management, disease prevention, or optimal health, linked to the health care system as part of a patient's treatment plan. Such programs often prioritize health equity.

Vitamin D-Do Diet Recommendations for Health Remain Strong?

How will the scientific community and authoritative bodies define future nutritional requirements for vitamin D? At the International Symposium on Nutritional Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health, the authors debated the strength of current evidence for setting vitamin D intake recommendations from diet: the positive side of the strength of the evidence (PRO) suggests there is a physiological requirement for vitamin D and the opposing view (CON) that in light of negative results from large, recent trials, particularly those with fractures and bone health outcomes, we are left rudderless. Should we provide recommendations based on empiric treatment of vitamin D for most groups and conditions? It is becoming increasingly evident that vitamin D plays a role in many physiological functions and processes associated with long-term human health; however, to what extent are these benefits apparent beyond what is needed for adequate nutritional status, measured as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, for active calcium absorption? The meeting attendees voted for the PRO vs. CON position at the end of the session.

Proposed Nutrition Competencies for Medical Students and Physician Trainees: A Consensus Statement.

Importance: In 2022, the US House of Representatives passed a bipartisan resolution (House of Representatives Resolution 1118 at the 117th Congress [2021-2022]) calling for meaningful nutrition education for medical trainees. This was prompted by increasing health care spending attributed to the growing prevalence of nutrition-related diseases and the substantial federal funding via Medicare that supports graduate medical education. In March 2023, medical education professional organizations agreed to identify nutrition competencies for medical education.

Understanding the role of the human gut microbiome in overweight and obesity.

The gut microbiome may be related to the prevalence of overweight and obesity, but high interindividual variability of the human microbiome complicates our understanding. Obesity often occurs concomitantly with micronutrient deficiencies that impair energy metabolism. Microbiota composition is affected by diet.

The Role of Proper Nutrition for Patients Undergoing Periodontal Surgery: A Scoping Review.

Nutrition has been recognized as a foundation for good oral health and general health, with a bidirectional relationship having been established between nutrition and oral and overall health.1 Various specific macro- and micronutrients from the intake of food serve as fuel for a person's body to grow and function.1 The oral cavity plays the unique role of gatekeeper, providing the pathway of nutrition to the body.

The Cadet Athlete Physical Training Intervention (CAPTI): A 16-week Periodized Program to Remediate Underdeveloped Tactical Athletes at a Senior Military College.

Approximately half of military recruits fail the Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT), and 70% of all injuries in the US military are musculoskeletal in nature. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether underdeveloped musculoskeletal and cardiovascular fitness levels and subsequent APFT scores of senior military college cadets could be improved by a novel, evidence-based Cadet Athlete Physical Training Intervention (CAPTI) compared to the current Remedial Physical Training program (RPT). Cadets failing the APFT (total score < 180, or < 60 in scored sit-ups, pushups or run time, respectively) participated in a 16-week remedial training program including either CAPTI (periodized full body calisthenic and varied-technique cardiovascular training, along with mobility training and mental health and wellbeing sessions), or a traditional, event-specific remedial training program (RPT).

"Sorry, no results found": evaluating LGBTQIA + inclusivity of U.S. cancer centers' websites.

Purpose: Cancer care for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, and other sexuality and gender diverse (LGBTQIA +) individuals is marked by disparities stemming from a history of discrimination, stigma, and systemic inequities. For LGBTQIA + individuals seeking cancer care, cancer center websites may be a first point of contact with healthcare. Two complementary studies sought to evaluate the LGBTQIA + inclusivity of cancer centers' websites.

The effects of vitamin D intake and status on symptom severity and quality-of-life in adults with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Importance: Many individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have insufficient or deficient serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status; however, it is not clear if improved vitamin D nutritional status through higher intake can improve symptom severity and quality of life.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify if changes in vitamin D intake or status affect symptom severity and quality of life in adults with IBS. MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Global Health, EMBASE, and Web-of-Science databases were systematically searched for relevant articles to August 12, 2024, in the English language.

Foodprint 2.0: A computational simulation model that estimates the agricultural resource requirements of diet patterns.

Reducing the environmental pressures stemming from food production is central to meeting global sustainability targets. Shifting diets represents one lever for improving food system sustainability, and identifying sustainable diet opportunities requires computational models to represent complex systems and allow users to evaluate counterfactual scenarios. Despite an increase in the number of food system sustainability models, there remains a lack of transparency of data inputs and mathematical formulas to facilitate replication by researchers and application by diverse stakeholders.

Searching for the Scale-Able Weight Loss Intervention: Can One Size Fit All? Lessons to Be Learned from the EQUAL Trial.

Overweight and obesity affect 71.2% of adults in the United States, with cancer survivors not far behind at 70.3%.