Seeking Clearer Recommendations for Hand Hygiene in Communities Facing Ebola: A Randomized Trial Investigating the Impact of Six Handwashing Methods on Skin Irritation and Dermatitis.

Unlabelled: To prevent disease transmission, 0.05% chlorine solution is commonly recommended for handwashing in Ebola Treatment Units. In the 2014 West Africa outbreak this recommendation was widely extended to community settings, although many organizations recommend soap and hand sanitizer over chlorine.

A pedigree-based proxy measure of genetic predisposition of drinking and alcohol use among female sex workers in China: a cross-sectional study.

Scientific evidence has suggested that genetic factors accounted for more than half of the vulnerability of developing alcohol use problems. However, collecting genetic data poses a significant challenge for most population-based behavioral studies. The aim of this study was to assess the utilities of a pedigree-based proxy measure of genetic predisposition of drinking (GPD) and its effect on alcohol use behaviors as well as its interactions with personal and environmental factors.

Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Penis: An HPV-related Variant of Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Report of 3 Cases.

Penile clear cell carcinoma originating in skin adnexal glands has been previously reported. Here, we present 3 morphologically distinctive penile tumors with prominent clear cell features originating not in the penile skin but in the mucosal tissues of the glans surface squamous epithelium. Clinical and pathologic features were evaluated.

Hypertriglyceridemia-Induced Pancreatitis: A Decade of Experience in a Community-Based Teaching Hospital.

Introduction: Hypertriglyceridemia is the third most common cause of acute pancreatitis. The current evidence on the management of hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis (HTGP) is mainly derived from case series. It has been suggested that insulin, and plasmapheresis have a role in the management of acute HTGP.

Cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with postero-lateral scar by cardiac magnetic resonance: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) reduces morbidity and mortality in selected patients with heart failure, but up to one third of patients may not respond to CRT. A transmural postero-lateral (TMPL) wall scar in the left ventricle (LV) or over the LV pacing site may attenuate clinical and echocardiographic response to CRT.

Methods And Results: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases for studies examining the association between Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-determined postero-lateral or LV pacing site scar and clinical and echocardiographic response to CRT.

Leaking choroidal nevus treated with focal laser photocoagulation.

Purpose: To present a case of leaky choroidal nevus that responded favorably to treatment with focal laser photocoagulation, shown by spectral domain optical coherence tomography, fundus autofluorescence, and fundus photography.

Methods: Descriptive case report of a 40-year-old male patient with decreased visual acuity because of subretinal fluid associated with a choroidal nevus, which was treated with focal laser photocoagulation.

Results: Treatment with focal laser photocoagulation to the surface of the choroidal nevus resulted in the resolution of subretinal fluid by 6 weeks.

Lateral caudal axial pattern flap in 13 dogs.

Objective: To describe the frequency and extent of complications associated with lateral caudal axial pattern flaps used to cover large traumatic or excision skin defects on the dorsum, gluteal, and perineal region in 13 dogs.

Study Design: Case series.

Animals: Thirteen client-owned dogs.

Shoulder surgery in the beach chair position is associated with diminished cerebral autoregulation but no differences in postoperative cognition or brain injury biomarker levels compared with supine positioning: the anesthesia patient safety foundation beach chair study.

Background: Although controversial, failing to consider the gravitational effects of head elevation on cerebral perfusion is speculated to increase susceptibility to rare, but devastating, neurologic complications after shoulder surgery in the beach chair position (BCP). We hypothesized that patients in the BCP have diminished cerebral blood flow autoregulation than those who undergo surgery in the lateral decubitus position (LDP). A secondary aim was to examine whether there is a relationship between patient positioning during surgery and postoperative cognition or serum brain injury biomarker levels.

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy surgical trial: randomized, controlled trial design and rationale.

Background: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is the most common cause of spinal cord dysfunction in the world. There are significant practice variation and uncertainty as to the optimal surgical approach for treating CSM.

Objective: To determine whether ventral surgery is associated with superior Short Form-36 Physical Component Summary outcome at the 1-year follow-up compared with dorsal (laminectomy/fusion or laminoplasty) surgery for the treatment of CSM, to investigate whether postoperative sagittal balance is an independent predictor of overall outcome, and to compare health resource use for ventral and dorsal procedures.

Pigmented villonodular synovitis of the thoracic spine.

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a proliferative lesion of the synovial membranes. Knees, hips, and other large weight-bearing joints are most commonly affected. PVNS rarely presents in the spine, in particular the thoracic segments.

A novel trauma model: naturally occurring canine trauma.

In human trauma patients, most deaths result from hemorrhage and brain injury, whereas late deaths, although rare, are the result of multiple organ failure and sepsis. A variety of experimental animal models have been developed to investigate the pathophysiology of traumatic injury and evaluate novel interventions. Similar to other experimental models, these trauma models cannot recapitulate conditions of naturally occurring trauma, and therefore therapeutic interventions based on these models are often ineffective.

Guidelines in practice: treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy.

This article describes a patient with a painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Features of his history, examination, and diagnostic workup are presented. His treatment course is described as guided by the AAN's evidence-based guideline on the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy.

Targeted endovascular temporary vessel occlusion with a reverse thermosensitive polymer for near-bloodless partial nephrectomy: comparison to standard surgical clamping techniques.

Purpose: To determine whether reversible blood flow interruption to a randomly chosen target region of the kidney may be achieved with the injection of a reverse thermoplastic polymer through an angiographic catheter, thereby facilitating partial nephrectomy without compromising blood flow to the remaining kidney or adding risks beyond those encountered by the use of hilar clamping.

Methods: Fifteen pigs underwent partial nephrectomy after blood flow interruption by vascular cross-clamping or injection of polymer (Lumagel™) into a segmental artery. Five animals were euthanized after surgery (three open and two laparoscopic resection, cross-clamping n = 2), and 10 (open resection, cross-clamping n = 4) were euthanized after 6 weeks' survival.

Preparation of fluorescent basic fibroblast growth factor: localization in living retinal microvascular endothelial cells.

A biologically active fluorescent derivative of recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was prepared by immobilization on heparin-Sepharose 4B (HS) and derivatization with the fluorophore, Texas Red (TR). TR-bFGF was separated from free dye and carrier protein by elution from HS using 1.5 M NaCl.

Modification of the Bankart reconstruction with a suture anchor. Report of a new technique.

We assessed the effectiveness of a new suture anchor that has been designed to anchor sutures into a blind, straight hole drilled in bone. The strength of fixation in glenoid bone is 67 N for the No. 0 anchor and suture, and 82 N for the No.