Short-term dynamics of fecal microbiome and antibiotic resistance in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following antibiotic treatment and withdrawal.

Background: In aquaculture, the secretions of cultured organisms contribute to the development of aquatic antibiotic resistance. However, the antibiotic-induced changes in fish feces remain poorly understood. This study aimed to assess the short-term dynamics of fecal microbiome and antibiotic resistance in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) upon antibiotic treatment and withdrawal period.

Polyphenol-rich extracts enhance growth, immune function, and antioxidant defense in juvenile rainbow trout ().

Introduction: The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of PMIX, a polyphenol-rich extract mixture from chestnut wood and olive, on growth performance, hematological parameters, immunity in serum and skin mucus, hepatic antioxidant enzymes, and intestinal cytokine expression in rainbow trout ().

Methods: Four experimental diets containing 0 g PMIX kg diet (control, C), 0.5 g PMIX kg diet (P0.

Fast and cost-efficient species identification of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), brown trout (Salmo trutta), and their hybrids using a single SNP marker.

A workflow for developing a cost- and time-efficient, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based assay for species and hybrid identification is described. In a reference set (n = 46), the developed assay identified individuals of two closely related species, the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L., n = 23) and brown trout (Salmo trutta, n = 23), with 100% accuracy.

Complications of Estimating Hatchery Introgression in the Face of Rapid Divergence: A Case Study in Brook Trout ().

Fish stocking has been utilized for over a century to offset extirpations or declines in abundance of many native species. These historical declines and hatchery contributions have led to uncertainty surrounding whether many contemporary populations are native, introgressed with hatchery sources, or entirely of hatchery origin. Such uncertainty is problematic for the conservation of native biodiversity as it hampers management agencies' ability to prioritize the conservation of indigenous locally adapted populations.

Highly Efficient Methods with a Generalized Linear Mixed Model for the Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping of Resistance to Columnaris Disease in Rainbow Trout ().

Linear mixed models (LMMs) are commonly used in genome-wide association studies (GWASs) to evaluate population structures and relatedness. However, LMMs have been shown to be ineffective in controlling false positive errors for the analysis of resistance to Columnaris disease in Rainbow Trout. To solve this problem, we conducted a series of studies using generalized linear mixed-model association software such as GMMAT (v1.

Transcriptomic Response of the Ovarian Follicle Complex in Post-Vitellogenic Rainbow Trout to 17α,20β-Dihdroxy-4-pregnen-3-one In Vitro.

Gonadotropins and progestins are the primary regulators of follicle maturation and ovulation in fish, and they require complex communication among the oocyte and somatic cells of the follicle. The major progestin and the maturation-inducing hormone in salmonids is 17α,20β-dihdroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20βP), and traditional nuclear receptors and membrane steroid receptors for the progestin have been identified within the follicle. Herein, RNA-seq was used to conduct a comprehensive survey of changes in gene expression throughout the intact follicle in response to in vitro treatment with these hormones to provide a foundation for understanding the coordination of their actions in regulating follicle maturation and preparation for ovulation.

Essential Oils Against Spoilage in Fish and Seafood: Impact on Product Quality and Future Challenges.

The preservation of fish and seafood represents a significant challenge for the food industry due to these products' high susceptibility to microbial spoilage. Essential oils (EOs), classified as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS), have become a natural alternative to synthetic preservatives due to their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. This review aims to analyze the specific potential of EOs in extending the shelf life of fish and seafood products, offering a natural and effective preservation solution.

Validation of a Novel Strategy for Fluorescence Quenching for a Self-Quenching Fluorogenic Probe and Its Application for Visual Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Detection During Food Safety Analysis.

The self-quenching fluorogenic probe facilitates precise identification of LAMP (loop-mediated isothermal amplification) amplicons, unaffected by non-specific products resulting from primer dimers. However, low quenching efficiency by surrounding nucleobases leads to high background signal, posing significant challenges for visual inspection with the naked eye. The present study aims to identify an oligonucleotide sequence that is complementary to the self-quenching fluorogenic probe, and to employ the fluorescence super-quenching mechanism of double-stranded DNA to establish a visualization system for the LAMP assay.

Immunological Responses, Expression of Immune-Related Genes, and Disease Resistance of Rainbow Trout () Fed Diets Supplied with Capsicum () Oleoresin.

A 45-day feeding study was carried out to assess the immune-stimulatory effects of capsicum oleoresin when added to rainbow trout diets. A total of 450 fish (mean weight: 155.20 ± 1.

Functional annotation of regulatory elements in rainbow trout uncovers roles of the epigenome in genetic selection and genome evolution.

Rainbow trout (RBT) has gained widespread attention as a biological model across various fields and has been rapidly adopted for aquaculture and recreational purposes on 6 continents. Despite significant efforts to develop genome sequences for RBT, the functional genomic basis of RBT's environmental, phenotypic, and evolutionary variations still requires epigenome reference annotations. This study has produced a comprehensive catalog and epigenome annotation tracks of RBT, detecting gene regulatory elements, including chromatin histone modifications, chromatin accessibility, and DNA methylation.

Taurine efflux counters the hydrodynamic impact of anaerobic metabolism to protect cardiorespiratory function under acute thermal stress in brook char (Salvelinus fontinalis).

Upper thermal tolerance may be limited by convective oxygen transport in fish, but the mechanisms constraining heart function remain elusive. The activation of anaerobic metabolism imposes an osmotic stress on cardiomyocytes at high temperatures that must be countered to prevent swelling and cardiac dysfunction. We tested the hypothesis that cardiac taurine efflux is required to counter the osmotic impact of anaerobic end product accumulation in brook char, Salvelinus fontinalis.

Impact of arabinoxylan-enriched diets on the intestinal chemical barrier and microbiota composition in rainbow trout ().

Introduction: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary AX inclusion on the chemical barrier, antioxidant function and intestinal microbiome of rainbow trout.

Methods: Five isoproteic and isolipidic experimental diets were formulated to contain 0.03% arabinoxylanase, as well as 0%, 2.

MAPK pathways regulated apoptosis and pyroptosis in respiratory epithelial cells of a primitive vertebrate model during bacterial infection.

Respiratory diseases caused by bacterial and viral infection have seriously affected human health. The invaginated lung structure in mammals caused difficulties in relevant research, here we evaluated the regulatory roles of MAPK pathways in apoptosis and pyroptosis during bacterial infection in an evaginated respiratory organ model for the first time. F.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress triggers unfolded protein response as an antiviral strategy of teleost erythrocytes.

Introduction: Fish nucleated red blood cells (RBCs), also known as erythrocytes, play a crucial role in maintaining immune system balance by modulating protein expression in response to various stimuli, including viral attack. This study explores the intriguing behavior of rainbow trout RBCs when faced with the viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), focusing on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR).

Methods: Rainbow trout RBCs were Ficoll-purified and exposed to ultraviolet (UV)-inactivated VHSV or live VHSV at different multiplicities of infection (MOIs).

Psychoactive pollutant alters movement dynamics of fish in a natural lake system.

Pharmaceutical pollution poses an increasing threat to global wildlife populations. Psychoactive pharmaceutical pollutants (e.g.

In situ infestation of sea trout Salmo trutta with salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis reveals parasite-induced behavioral modifications.

In areas with high densities of salmon farming, spillover of the ectoparasitic salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis poses a major threat to wild anadromous salmonids. By combining experimentally salmon louse infestation (mean ± standard deviation = 0.25 ± 0.

State of original pediatric radiology research in major radiology journals other than Pediatric Radiology.

Background: Understanding distribution of published pediatric imaging research in radiology journals is relevant to understanding the state of research in the field.

Objective: To understand the current state of published original pediatric imaging research in major clinical radiology journals other than Pediatric Radiology.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed clinical imaging journals from among the top 20 radiology journals according to the Google Scholar h5-index as of June 2024.

Swimming kinematics of rainbow trout behind a 3×5 cylinder array: a computationally driven experimental approach to understanding fish locomotion.

Fish in the wild often contend with complex flows that are produced by natural and artificial structures. Research into fish interactions with turbulence often investigates metrics such as turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) or fish positional location, with less focus on the specific interactions between vortex organization and body swimming kinematics. Here, we compared the swimming kinematics of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) holding station in flows produced by two different 3×5 cylinder arrays.

The genetics of resistance to infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in rainbow trout unveiled through survival and virus load data.

Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis virus (IPNV) is one of the major threats to the animal welfare and economy of the rainbow trout farming industry. Previous research has demonstrated significant genetic variation for resistance against IPNV. The main objective of the study was to investigate the genetic architecture of resistance against IPNV in rainbow trout fry.

Food-web dynamics of a floodplain mosaic overshadow the effects of engineered logjams for Pacific salmon and steelhead.

Food webs vary in space and time. The structure and spatial arrangement of food webs are theorized to mediate temporal dynamics of energy flow, but empirical corroboration in intermediate-scale landscapes is scarce. River-floodplain landscapes encompass a mosaic of aquatic habitat patches and food webs, supporting a variety of aquatic consumers of conservation concern.

Evaluating environmental impacts of micro, mini and small hydropower plants in Norway.

Small-scale hydropower plants with an installed capacity <10 MW are an important part of Norway's local and regional development. Small-scale facilities have been viewed as a relatively environmentally friendly form of energy production because they are assumed to have limited negative environmental impact. However, the plants potentially have environmental impacts related to land use changes from infrastructure installation and also instream effects such as barriers to fish migration or disturbed flow conditions within bypasses.

Evaluation of global warming effects on juvenile rainbow trout: focus on immunohistochemistry and osmoregulation.

The negative effects of global warming also directly affect aquatic populations. Consequences such as evaporation due to chronic temperature increase, increase in salinity, and increase in stock density per unit volume are potential stress factors. While creating the trial design, an attempt was made to simulate the effects of global warming, especially on species living in salty and brackish water biotopes.

Behavioral, haematological, and physiological effects of oxygen-rich spray after simulated catch and release in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

This study investigated the impact of an oxygen-rich spray on rainbow trout subjected to short-term air exposure episodes. These episodes can be due to sampling procedures or catch-and-release (C&R) practices, focusing on behavioral, haematological, and physiological responses. For this, 12 rainbow trout were divided into two groups: control and oxygen-rich sprayed fish.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) accumulation in fish occupying different trophic positions from East Canyon Creek, a seasonally effluent-dominated river, Utah, USA.

Fish and seafood are considered a major source of human dietary exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). In this study, we examined levels of 35 PFAS in fish samples of brown trout and mottled sculpin, which occupy different trophic positions, collected in 2014 from East Canyon Creek in Utah, USA. We observed 20 PFAS with ∑PFAS ranging from 0.