Combined oral contraceptive use and obesity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogenous endocrine condition and combined oral contraceptives (COCs) have been demonstrated to be the first-line treatment to women who do not intend to become pregnant. The combination of COCs and PCOS may or may not amplify the risks of cardiovascular events.

Objective: To investigate whether surrogates for obesity may be influenced by the use of COCs containing different formulations in women with PCOS.

Anthropometric, Metabolic, and Endocrine Parameters as Predictors of Estimated Average Glucose and Other Biomarkers of Dysglycemia in Women with Different Phenotypes of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of anthropometric, metabolic, and endocrine abnormalities as predictors of estimated average glucose and other biomarkers of dysglycemia in women with different phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This cross-sectional study included 648 women with PCOS and 330 controls. A single protocol of investigation was applied for all subjects.

Polycystic ovary syndrome and risks for COVID-19 infection: A comprehensive review : PCOS and COVID-19 relationship.

This comprehensive review aimed to evaluate the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection (the cause of coronavirus disease 2019, or COVID-19) and the metabolic and endocrine characteristics frequently found in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In the general population, COVID-19 is more severe in subjects with dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and arterial hypertension. Because these conditions are comorbidities commonly associated with PCOS, it was hypothesized that women with PCOS would be at higher risk for acquiring COVID-19 and developing more severe clinical presentations.

The connection of alpha-1 acid glycoprotein inflammatory marker with anthropometric, hormonal, and metabolic characteristic of women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Aim: To investigate the connection of alpha-1 acid glycoprotein inflammatory biomarker with clinical, hormonal, and metabolic characteristics in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and normal cycling controls.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 235 women with PCOS and 92 normal cycling controls attended between 2008 and 2018. Alpha-1 acid glycoprotein levels were correlated with clinical, anthropometric, anthropometric-metabolic indexes, and hormones of women with PCOS and controls.

Differential Effects of Various Androgens on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

The hyperandrogenism in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with the risk for the future development of the cardiovascular disease. The objective of the study is to verify whether different androgens have the same harmful effect. This cross-sectional study enrolled 823 women with PCOS: 627 (76.

Adipocyte and steroidogenic cell cross-talk in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Metabolic and endocrine alterations in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affect adipose tissue mass and distribution. PCOS is characterised by hyperandrogenism, obesity and adipocyte dysfunction. Hyperandrogenism in PCOS drives dysfunctional adipocyte secretion of potentially harmful adipocytokines.

Comparison of metabolic and obesity biomarkers between adolescent and adult women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Purpose: Knowledge of adolescent and adult phenotypes of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) might drive opportune management. The aim of this study was to compare metabolic and obesity biomarkers between adolescent and adult women with PCOS.

Methods: This observational study compared biomarkers of obesity and metabolism derangements between adolescent (n = 62) and adult (n = 248) women with PCOS.

The Role of Visceral Adiposity Index as Predictor of Metabolic Syndrome in Obese and Nonobese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

To evaluate anthropometric-metabolic biomarkers as predictors of metabolic syndrome (MS) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with and without obesity. This was an observational cross-sectional study. Patients were classified as nonobese-PCOS (body mass index, BMI <30 kg/m,  = 385), and obese-PCOS (BMI ≥30 kg/m,  = 261).

Exploring the activity of the enzyme 11β-hydroxylase in the polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background Hyperandrogenemic polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may have occult corticosteroidogenic enzyme abnormalities. The current study compares the activities of 11β-hydroxylase between normoandrogenemic PCOS (NA-PCOS) and hyperandrogenemic PCOS (HA-PCOS) phenotypes. Materials and methods Anthropometric, and biochemical variables were compared between normal cycling women [n = 272] and those with PCOS [n = 453]; either normoandrogenemic [n = 98] or hyperandrogenemic [n = 355].

Changes in clinical and biochemical characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome with advancing age.

Objective: To verify whether aging can modify the clinical and biochemical characteristics of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Material And Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted at the reproductive endocrinology clinics of Julio Muller University Hospital and Tropical Institute of Reproductive Medicine in Cuiabá, MT, Brazil, between 2003 and 2017. Both, 796 PCOS and 444 non-PCOS normal cycling women underwent the same examination.

Relationship of Biological Markers of Body Fat Distribution and Corticosteroidogenic Enzyme Activities in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

The aim of the study is to determine the impact of different anthropometric measurements of fat distribution on baseline sex-steroid concentrations and corticosteroidogenic enzyme activity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome compared to those with regular menstrual cycles. The current cross-sectional study included 106 normal cycling controls and 268 polycystic ovary syndrome patients. Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, diagnosed by Rotterdam criteria, were divided in normoandrogenemic (n=91) and hyperandrogenemic (n=177).

Differential activity of the corticosteroidogenic enzymes in normal cycling women and women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

The phenotypic complex of patients with definitive diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome may include patients with normal and high serum androgen levels. Patients with hyperandrogenemia seem to present higher risk of changes to the glucose and lipid metabolism and, eventually, of earlier development of cardiovascular diseases than normoandrogenemic patients or healthy women. From a laboratory and clinical point of view, it is important to check androgen levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Combined Oral Contraceptive Effects on Low-Grade Chronic Inflammatory Mediators in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with dyslipidemia, dysglycemia, metabolic syndrome, and low-grade chronic inflammation, which increase the risks for cardiovascular disease. Combined oral contraceptives may affect the mediators of low-grade chronic inflammation with potential additive risk in PCOS patients. This meta-analysis investigates the impact of oral contraceptive on markers of chronic inflammation in PCOS patients.

Subclinical Hypothyroidism Impact on the Characteristics of Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Background/aims: Definitive polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) diagnosis should exclude thyroid dysfunctions. The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of subclinical hypothyroidism on the characteristics of PCOS patients.

Methods: A meta-analysis of the published observational studies was conducted.

The Role of C-Peptide as Marker of Cardiometabolic Risk in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Controlled Study.

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the role of C-peptide as a biological marker of cardiometabolic risk in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods: This case-control study enrolled 385 PCOS patients and 240 normal cycling women. Anthropometric and clinical variables were taken at first visit.

Risks, benefits size and clinical implications of combined oral contraceptive use in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex condition with high risk for dyslipidemia, dysglycemia, venous thromboembolism, cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. Because the combined oral contraceptive (COC) use has also been associated with impaired fasting glucose, insulin resistance and increased risk of thromboembolism disease, it is rationale to think that the combination of oral contraceptive and PCOS could make it worse or increase the risks.

Objective: To examine the current data regarding potential additional risks and benefits of contraceptive use, highlights the major gap in knowledge for designing future studies and, when possible, suggests an adequate COC formulation for a determined PCOS phenotype.

Should Subclinical Hypothyroidism Be an Exclusion Criterion for the Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome?

Background: The purpose of the study was to examine whether patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) should be excluded before making a diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods: Seven hundred sixteen patients, 462 with true PCOS, 31 with PCOS-SCH, and 223 normal cycling women were enrolled. Clinical, metabolic, and hormonal parameters among the groups were investigated.

Metabolic and endocrine connections of 17-hydroxypregnenolone in polycystic ovary syndrome women.

Objective: To examine the anthropometric, and metabolic connections of 17-hydroxypregnenolone in the normo- and hyperandrogenemic polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes.

Materials And Methods: This cohort study was conducted at the Julio Muller University Hospital, Cuiabá, Brazil, between January 2014 and July 2016, and 91 normal cycling healthy women, 46 normoandrogenemic and 147 hyperandrogenemic, patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were enrolled according to the Rotterdam criteria. Several anthropometric, biochemical and hormonal parameters were properly verified and correlated with 17-hydroxypregnenolone (17-OHPE) concentrations.

Glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 gene polymorphisms in Brazilian women with endometriosis.

Purpose: The glutathione family (GST) genes appear to play a role in the genesis of endometriosis. This case-control study aimed to compare the frequencies of GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms in women with endometriosis and women without endometriosis.

Methods: Polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes among women with surgically and histologically confirmed endometriosis (case group n = 121) and in women without evidence of endometriosis confirmed by laparoscopy for investigation the infertility or for laparoscopic tubal sterilization (control group n = 97).

Comparison of steroidogenic pathways among normoandrogenic and hyperandrogenic polycystic ovary syndrome patients and normal cycling women.

Aim: To compare the corticosteroidogenic enzyme activities between normal cycling non-polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and normoandrogenic PCOS (NA-PCOS) and hyperandrogenic PCOS (HA-PCOS) patients.

Methods: This cohort study was conducted at Julio Muller University Hospital and Tropical Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Menopause, and enrolled 114 non-PCOS women and 355 PCOS patients. The steroidogenic enzyme activities were measured using the serum steroid product/precursor molar ratio.

The Low Prevalence of Y Chromosomal Microdeletions is Observed in the Oligozoospermic Men in the Area of Mato Grosso State and Amazonian Region of Brazilian Patients.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities and microdeletions on Y chromosome in infertile patients with oligozoospermia or azoospermia in Mato Grosso state, Brazil.

Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 94 men from infertile couples. Karyotype analysis was performed by lymphocyte culture technique.

Is glycated hemoglobin related to other dysmetabolic variables implicated in the increase of cardiovascular risk in polycystic ovary syndrome? A comparative study.

Background: In non-PCOS patients the concentration of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) has been employed to identify individuals at higher risk for impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes mellitus. A few studies have examined the role of HbA1C in PCOS patients and current results are controversial.

Aim: To compare the strength of the association between glycated hemoglobin and other predictors of cardiovascular risk in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Prevalence of elevated glycated hemoglobin concentrations in the polycystic ovary syndrome: anthropometrical and metabolic relationship in amazonian women.

Background: To determine the prevalence of elevated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and to examine its relationship with other carbohydrate metabolic parameter among Brazilian women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods: A cross-sectional study including 288 PCOS patients was conducted. Anthropometrical, clinical, biochemical and endocrine parameters were evaluated.