1,076 results match your criteria: "Trochlear Nerve Palsy"

Use of a Microelectromechanical Systems Sensor for Objective Measurements of Abnormal Head Posture in Congenital Superior Oblique Palsy Patients.

Transl Vis Sci Technol

October 2024

State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to design an objective method for measurement of head positions as achieved with use of a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) sensor. In addition, to use this system to observe the abnormal head position (AHP) in patients with congenital superior oblique palsy (SOP) before and after their surgery.

Methods: An MEMS sensor was designed for recording of the pitch, roll, and yaw values of the head position in real time.

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Cranial nerve palsies following neuraxial blocks.

Agri

January 2024

Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Koç University Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye.

Spinal anesthesia is one of the most frequently performed regional anesthesia techniques for a variety of surgeries world-wide. Cranial nerve palsy is a rarely reported complication of central neuraxial block. The etiology varies; however, it is most often associated with nerve compression or traction due to intracranial hypotension.

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Introduction: Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome (THS) stands as a rare headache disorder distinguished by painful ophthalmoplegia, accompanied by headaches and cranial nerve palsies. The syndrome was initially identified by Eduardo Tolosa in Spain in 1954. He observed granulomatous inflammation surrounding a carotid siphon in a patient with an intracavernous carotid aneurysm.

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Oculomotor synkinesis is an unusual phenomenon that encompasses various presentations with few associations reported in the literature. It can occur with or without a previous setting of oculomotor nerve injury. The authors present the first reported case of bilateral congenital trochlear-oculomotor synkinesis in a 5-month-old infant.

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A 31-year-old woman presenting with vertical diplopia and history of paresthesia in her hands the previous year was found to have a trochlear nerve palsy. Computed tomography showed no acute intracranial pathology. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed several white matter lesions with a demyelinating pattern.

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Article Synopsis
  • Cranial nerve palsy (CNP) in patients with intracranial aneurysms (IAs) negatively affects quality of life, yet there's limited analysis on its prevalence and outcomes.
  • A systematic review of 52 studies identified prevalent CNP types in 513 patients, with oculomotor nerve involvement being the most common (58.25%) and a notable correlation between unruptured aneurysms and CNP occurrence.
  • Following treatment, 55% of patients achieved complete CNP resolution within 6 months, with varying success rates based on the specific cranial nerve affected.
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Purpose: Evaluate and analyze the efficacy of inferior oblique belly transposition (IOBT) in treating adult patients with diplopia and small-angle hypertropia caused by mild to moderate inferior oblique overaction (IOOA) secondary to acquired superior oblique palsy (SOP).

Methods: Nine adult patients with diplopia and small-angle hypertropia associated with mild to moderate IOOA secondary to unilateral acquired SOP were included in the current retrospective study. All patients received the IOBT procedure between February 2019 and May 2023 at The Second People's Hospital of Jinan and were followed up for more than 6 months after the surgery.

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Purpose: To evaluate the surgical outcomes for patients with superior oblique paralysis (SOP) who underwent the inferior oblique weakening and the graded partial inferior rectus muscle tenotomy in the contralateral eye.

Methods: Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for those SOP patients who had hyperdeviation of 4 △ -20 △ in the primary position and 8 △ -25 △ in the downgaze position. Patients were subdivided into three subgroups according to their vertical deviation angle in the downgaze position.

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Purpose: To investigate the surgical outcomes of small superior oblique (SO) tuck-denoting minimal tendon laxity-in patients with unilateral SO palsy.

Methods: The medical records of consecutive patients treated with ≤6 mm SO tuck from 2000 to 2018 at Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, were reviewed retrospectively. Tendon tucks were performed to a fairly uniform tension in an amount that just eliminated slack in the tendon.

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Background: To evaluate the clinical findings of patients with SOP who underwent surgery.

Methods: This historical cohort study was performed on 1057 SOP patients managed with surgery in Farabi Hospital, Iran, from 2011 to 2022.

Results: There were 990 (93.

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Introduction: Traffic trauma can lead to ocular damage. Open globe injuries usually have a poor prognosis, which can be ameliorated by prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Nonetheless, few studies have focused on the visual outcomes of patients following traffic accidents.

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Background And Aims: Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia (WM) is a low-grade B cell neoplasm. Bing Neel syndrome is a rare manifestation of WM characterized by infiltrative involvement of the central nervous system.

Case Report: 64-year-old man, presented with 4 years history of slowly progressive diplopia and ptosis of eyes.

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Exoscopic Retrosigmoid Approach for an Anteromedial Tentorial Meningioma: 2D Operative Video.

World Neurosurg

August 2024

Department of Neurological Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Section of Skull Base Surgery, Rose Ella Burkhardt Brain Tumor & Neuro-Oncology Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. Electronic address:

We present a 2-dimensional operative video (Video 1) of a suboccipital retrosigmoid approach for an anteromedial tentorial meningioma with a specific focus on the use of a surgical exoscope. The patient is a 50-year-old woman who presented to emergency room with a 6-month history of nausea, dizziness, and gait imbalance secondary to a 2.5-cm homogenously enhancing mass originating from the anteromedial tentorium on the right side with associated brainstem compression.

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Trochlear nerve agenesis in a patient with 18q22.2q23 deletion.

Neurol Sci

August 2024

Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-Ro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, 13620, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea.

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Superior oblique palsy as the initial manifestation of anti-contactin-1 IgG4 autoimmune nodopathy: A case report.

J Neuroimmunol

June 2024

Department of Translational Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Autoimmune nodopathy (AN) is a group of peripheral neuropathies caused by antibodies targeting the nodes of Ranvier or paranodes. It typically presents with sensory ataxia, distal limb weakness, and tremor, and often has a subacute onset, with limited response to immunoglobulin or corticosteroids. We report a case of anti-contactin-1 neuropathy initially manifesting as isolated superior oblique palsy, aiming to broaden the clinical spectrum of the disease.

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Objective: The anterior transpetrosal approach using a microscope to provide wider access to the petrous apex region has been described for radical resection of lesions of the middle and posterior skull base. The microscopic anterior transpetrosal approach (mATPA) requires a wide craniotomy and meticulous epidural procedures to minimize temporal lobe retraction. Recently, the clinical application of transcranial endoscopic keyhole approaches for minimally invasive surgery has been steadily expanding.

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Article Synopsis
  • Neuro-ophthalmic issues, which can lead to permanent visual problems, are common in patients with traumatic head injuries but often overlooked, prompting the study to investigate their occurrence, neurological status, and neuroimaging results.
  • A total of 377 patients with head injuries were examined; most were males (71.9%), with road traffic accidents being the leading cause; 10.1% showed neuro-ophthalmic manifestations, primarily optic neuropathy.
  • Significant associations were found between brain contusions and optic neuropathy, as well as skull fractures and trochlear nerve palsy, highlighting the importance of early neuro-ophthalmic assessments in head injury patients.*
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Torsion and clinical features in patients with acquired fourth cranial nerve palsy.

Sci Rep

March 2024

Department of Ophthalmology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomediocal Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, 20-Geumo-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, South Korea.

This retrospective study aimed to compare objective/subjective torsion and other clinical characteristics of patients with acquired trochlear nerve palsy. This study included 82 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with acquired fourth cranial nerve palsy between 2014 and 2021 and who were followed up for ≥ 6 months. The etiologies, ocular deviation, objective and subjective torsions were reviewed.

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Background: Difficult-to-treat aneurysms of the distal posterior cerebral artery (PCA) can often be treated by parent artery occlusion. A cerebrovascular bypass can complement PCA occlusion to curb the risk of ischemic complications. An in situ bypass may be considered when the occipital artery or superficial temporal artery cannot serve as a bypass donor.

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Extracranial transport of brain lymphatics via cranial nerve in human.

Neurosci Lett

March 2024

Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Rumelifener Yolu, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Medical Pharmacology, Koç University, School of Medicine, Rumelifener Yolu, Istanbul, Turkey.

Extracranial waste transport from the brain interstitial fluid to the deep cervical lymph node (dCLN) is not extensively understood. The present study aims to show the cranial nerves that have a role in the transport of brain lymphatics vessels (LVs), their localization, diameter, and number using podoplanin (PDPN) and CD31 immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blotting. Cranial nerve samples from 6 human cases (3 cadavers, and 3 autopsies) were evaluated for IHC and 3 autopsies for Western blotting.

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Cases of herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) complicated by bilateral ophthalmoplegia are rare, and no cases of bilateral third, fourth, or sixth cranial nerve palsies have been reported. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is a rare complication of HZO. We herein report an 80-year-old Japanese woman with right-sided HZO complicated by meningoencephalitis and discuss the pathogenesis of this condition.

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Purpose: Although various studies have explored the causes and clinical aspects of cranial nerve palsies, there remains a significant gap in understanding the prognostic factors that influence outcomes. In this study, we sought to address this gap by investigating the incidence, etiologies, clinical courses, and factors associated with long-term recovery, with the aim of enhancing the knowledge base in this field and providing valuable insights for improved patient care.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study evaluated the data gathered from subjects who had third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerve palsy at the ophthalmology outpatient clinic of Phramongkutklao Hospital between April 1, 2012, and April 30, 2022.

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