Mediastinal Paraganglioma: A Challenging Surgical Approach.

Mediastinal paragangliomas, though rare, present significant surgical challenges due to their proximity to critical vascular structures within the mediastinum. This case report discusses the management of a patient with an incidentally discovered non-functional mediastinal paraganglioma. The tumor's location necessitated meticulous preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation to prevent vascular injury.

Comprehensive analysis of nutritional parameters in patients with idiopathic achalasia: A prospective study in India.

Background And Aim: Achalasia cardia, a primary motility disorder of the esophagus, poses significant malnutrition risks. This study aims at comprehensively assessing the nutritional status in untreated achalasia patients, contrasting it with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) cases and impact of per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) on nutrition at one-year.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study, including consecutive achalasia cases, from December 2021 to April 2022 at a tertiary care centre.

Multidisciplinary Management of a Pediatric Patient With Congenital Anomalies Syndrome Without an Identified Genetic Mutation.

Congenital anomalies syndrome without an identified genetic mutation often presents significant challenges in pediatric care, requiring coordinated efforts across multiple specialties. This case reports a 10-year-old female patient with complex medical conditions, which exemplifies the intricate nature of managing children, necessitating long-term follow-up and comprehensive care. This case report aims to provide an in-depth analysis of her medical journey, including various interventions like tracheostomy and G-tube placement, and management strategies employed to address her congenital anomalies and associated health issues.

Don't Hang Around, It Could Be Incidental: A Case Report of Hangman's Fracture and Review of the Literature.

Neck injury fractures are commonly associated with high-impact trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or falls from heights. However, this case underscores that it is possible to sustain such a fracture even from minor falls. As of now, there are no such reported cases.

Fentanyl and xylazine crisis: Crafting coherent strategies for opioid overdose prevention.

The United States is in the throes of a severe opioid overdose epidemic, primarily fueled by the pervasive use of fentanyl and the emerging threat of xylazine, a veterinary sedative often mixed with fentanyl. The high potency and long duration of fentanyl is compounded by the added risks from xylazine, heightening the lethal danger faced by opioid users. Measures such as enhanced surveillance, public awareness campaigns, and the distribution of fentanyl-xylazine test kits, and naloxone have been undertaken to mitigate this crisis.

Toxic Thyroid Adenoma Presenting as Apathetic Hyperthyroidism: A Case Report.

The thyroid gland is an essential endocrine organ that secretes hormones to regulate homeostasis across multiple organ systems throughout the body. It is actively regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis, where negative feedback modulates the amounts of active hormone being released; thus, lesions that disrupt the proper functioning of this gland or its regulatory mechanisms can be destructive. Toxic thyroid adenomas are usually singular benign functioning nodules in the thyroid gland that cause thyrotoxicosis.

Refractory Chronic Constipation in an Adolescent Female Later Diagnosed With Internal Anal Sphincter Achalasia.

Internal anal sphincter achalasia (IASA) is a rare anorectal disorder that presents as chronic refractory constipation in pediatrics. With a poor response to conventional constipation-based therapy, it is often misdiagnosed as other conditions, such as ultra-short-segment Hirschsprung disease. This case report describes a rare case of IASA in an adolescent female, emphasizing the importance of ruling out other differentials, including Hirschsprung disease, via rectal biopsy and thus allowing for earlier targeted therapy to improve lifestyle conditions.

The Impact of Intersectional Discrimination and Stigma on HIV Care for African, Caribbean, and Black Women Living With HIV During the COVID-19 Pandemic in British Columbia: A Descriptive Study.

African, Caribbean, and Black women living with HIV (ACB WWH) in British Columbia experience discrimination on the basis of their race, sex, gender identity, sexual orientation, and HIV status. The various forms of stigma that ACB WWH experience intersect to create a uniquely marginalized experience that has negative consequences for quality of life and overall well-being. Eighteen semistructured interviews were completed with ACB WWH in British Columbia.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Double-Bundle Internal Bracing: A Technique Guide.

There has been a recent increase in interest for double-bundle (db) anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions (ACLRs). Although this surgical technique has shown to improve rotational and translational stability, the literature has been inconsistent, finding its graft failure rates to be superior to that of the single-bundle (sb) ACLR. So far, no studies have reported the sb ACLR to be superior to db ACLR.

Ga-labeled, imatinib encapsulated, theranostic liposomes: Formulation, characterization, and in vitro evaluation of anticancer activity.

Cancer is still a global health problem. Among cancer types, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed one, and it causes a high mortality rate if not diagnosed in the early stages. In our study, imatinib encapsulated, nanosized, neutral/cationic liposome formulations were prepared as theranostic agents for breast cancer.

Metastatic Testicular Mixed Germ Cell Tumor Presenting as Posterior Scrotal Pain in the Emergency Department: A Case Report.

Testicular neoplasms, or testicular cancer, are not typically seen in the emergency department (ED) since their presentation involves a painless hard mass that emerges slowly over time. Uncommon presentation of testicular neoplasm to the ED with acute onset of scrotal pain may present challenges as an incomplete physical examination without supplemental imaging and laboratory workup may overlook the diagnosis of testicular neoplasm. As a result, a delay in proper treatment may occur.

The Effectiveness of Nutritional Strategies in the Treatment and Management of Obesity: A Systematic Review.

Obesity, a condition primarily resulting from positive energy balance, has become a significant global health concern. Numerous studies have demonstrated that obesity is a major risk factor for various illnesses, including different types of cancer, coronary heart disease, sleep apnea, CV stroke, type II diabetes mellitus, etc. To effectively address this issue, prevention and treatment approaches to manage body weight are crucial.

Exploring the Access and Use of Social Technologies by Older Adults in Support of Their Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Rapid Review.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) lockdowns disproportionately affect older people where most suffer from social isolation and loneliness, which translate into higher rates of depression and anxiety. This study aimed to explore the accessibility, outcomes, and challenges of social technology use among community-dwelling older adults, older adults in long-term care, older adults with neurocognitive disorder, and older adults with pre-frailty and frailty, to help guide future research in this area. A rapid review was conducted, and articles were retrieved from four online databases, including Medline, AgeLine, EconLit and CINAHL, and grey literature from Google Scholar.

A Case of Community-Acquired Elizabethkingia meningoseptica.

Many nosocomial infections commonly arise as a result of contaminated water sources in the hospital setting, such as sinks, air-conditioning systems, ventilation devices, and catheters. Among the microorganisms found in these environments is a gram-negative bacterium first discovered in 1959 by Elizabeth O. King.

Pre-operative Labs for Left Hemicolectomy Reveals Hyponatremia That Leads to Lung Mass Finding.

Paraneoplastic syndromes are a group of clinical conditions with specific signs and symptoms that are associated with underlying malignancies. The pathophysiology of paraneoplastic syndromes is caused by either the ectopic production of various hormones or the immune production of autoantibodies. Lung cancers are also notorious for being accompanied by paraneoplastic syndromes.

Long-term outcomes in patients with Burkitt lymphoma older than 65 years: an analysis of the Texas Cancer Registry.

Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an extremely aggressive but curable subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. While younger patients have excellent outcomes in response to aggressive chemoimmunotherapy, the rarity of this disease in older patients and limitations caused by age, comorbidities, and performance status may negate survival advantages. This analysis assessed outcomes of older adults with BL through data provided by the Texas Cancer Registry (TCR).

Renal-Protective Urinoma Formation in a Newborn Boy With Posterior Urethral Valves.

Posterior urethral valves (PUV) are an uncommon urologic congenital anomaly in males often discovered antenatally and more rarely after birth. PUV can lead to obstructive nephropathy and voiding dysfunction, putting patients at increased risk for irreversible renal damage and subsequent progression to end-stage renal disease. Much of the renal damage caused by PUV is proportional to the amount of time that the kidney has been experiencing retrograde pressure.

Does Presenting Facility and Race Impact Outcomes and Management of Pyloric Stenosis?

Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (HPS) is a common surgical disease in infants. Traditionally, patients present with projectile emesis and severe dehydration with metabolic alkalosis. We looked to assess if patients presenting as a transfer vs directly to our facility as well as race affected patients' initial presentation and outcomes.

Robotic Ventral Transabdominal Preperitoneal Repair of Uncomplicated Spigelian Hernia.

Spigelian hernias are rare herniations through the Spigelian fascia, with an incidence rate of 0.12-2.0% of all hernias.

A Rare Case of Low-Grade Serous Cystadenocarcinoma of the Ovary in a Seventeen-Year-Old Woman.

Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most prevalent gynecological malignancy leading to mortality in adults but is an infrequent finding in children and adolescents. Most gynecological tumors found in females younger than age 20 are of germ cell nature. There are very few cases of epithelial ovarian neoplasms reported in the young female population.

A Systematic Review of COVID-19 and Pericarditis.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Since then, the disease has spread globally, leading to the ongoing pandemic. It can cause severe respiratory illness; however, many cases of pericarditis have also been reported.