134 results match your criteria: "Treponematosis Endemic Syphilis"
Treponematosis in critically endangered Western chimpanzees () in Senegal.
One Health
June 2024
IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.
Article Synopsis
- Treponematoses are chronic bacterial diseases primarily transmitted through sexual contact or direct interaction, but their epidemiology in wild primates remains largely unexplored due to the difficulty of studying these animals.
- This study focused on critically endangered Western chimpanzees in Senegal, using a non-invasive stool serology method that revealed anti-treponemal antibodies in 13 out of 29 chimpanzees tested.
- The findings highlight the importance of using non-invasive methods for disease surveillance in wildlife, emphasizing the need to assess and manage the risk of treponematosis within chimpanzee populations as part of a comprehensive One Health strategy.
Redefining the treponemal history through pre-Columbian genomes from Brazil.
Nature
March 2024
Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Article Synopsis
- The origins of treponemal diseases, like syphilis, have been difficult to trace, especially regarding their emergence in 15th century Europe, potentially linked to Columbus' voyages to the Americas.
- Recent analysis of ancient DNA reveals that treponemal infections existed in early modern Europe and colonial Mexico, but there's been a lack of dated evidence from before the trans-Atlantic contact.
- This study presents treponemal genomes from 2,000-year-old remains in Brazil, suggesting that modern subspecies diverged earlier than previously thought, and highlights the adaptability of these pathogens, opening new avenues for understanding their evolution and spread.
Old World Medieval Treponema pallidum Complex Treponematosis: A Case Report.
J Infect Dis
August 2023
Aix-Marseille University, IRD, MEPHI, Institut Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.
Article Synopsis
- - *The study investigates skeletal remains from Roquevaire, France, dating back to the 7th or 8th century, specifically focusing on a femur suspected of having an infectious disease, using advanced techniques like paleoautoimmunohistochemistry and metagenomics.* - *Results showed the presence of a T. pallidum complex pathogen in the analyzed femur, with phylogenetic analyses revealing it as an ancestral strain, while control samples showed no signs of infection.* - *These findings suggest that European populations were not unexposed to treponematosis prior to Columbus' return from Central America in 1493, challenging a long-standing belief in medical microbiology about the introduction of these pathogens.*
Syphilis in an Italian medieval jewish community: A bioarchaeological and cultural perspective.
Int J Paleopathol
September 2020
Dept. of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates treponemal infections in three skeletons from a Late Medieval cemetery (14th-16th century) identified within a Jewish context, examining how these diseases impacted the population culturally and socially.
- Using anthropological and paleopathological methods, the researchers analyzed the skeletal remains, finding specific cranial and long bone lesions linked to treponemal infections, likely syphilis.
- The findings highlight the presence of such diseases in the Jewish Medieval community in Italy, contributing to understanding the social implications of these infections and the historical challenges faced by the community, although there are limitations regarding radiocarbon dating and dietary analysis.
Treponematosis in a pre-Columbian hunter-gatherer male from Antofagasta (1830 ± 20 BP, Northern Coast of Chile).
Int J Paleopathol
September 2020
OSTeam Ltda., Santiago, Chile.
Article Synopsis
- A new case of treponemal disease was identified in a pre-Columbian hunter-gatherer from the coastal desert of South America, based on the analysis of a well-preserved skeleton from Northern Chile.
- The skeleton was radiocarbon dated to around 1830 years ago and showed signs of both a marine diet and coastal living, alongside various lesions indicative of treponemal disease.
- The findings suggest this individual may have had venereal syphilis, highlighting the need for further molecular studies to confirm the disease's presence in pre-Columbian South America before European contact.
First report of hare treponematosis seroprevalence of European brown hares (Lepus europaeus) in the Czech Republic: seroprevalence negatively correlates with altitude of sampling areas.
BMC Vet Res
October 2019
Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Building A6, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to assess the prevalence of hare treponematosis in European brown hares in the Czech Republic and explore its relation to altitude, analyzing 289 serum samples from 12 districts collected from 2015 to 2017.
- Serological tests indicated that 107 samples were positive for treponematosis, with an overall true prevalence of 52% across the sampled populations.
- A significant negative correlation between treponematosis prevalence and altitude was found at the district level, suggesting that higher altitude areas had lower rates of the disease.
The "Scourge of the Renaissance". A Short Review About infection.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets
January 2021
Department of Emergency/Urgent, National Poison Center, Riuniti University Hospital (OO.RR.) of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- Infectious diseases have significantly impacted human history, with pandemics like cholera and syphilis showing the interplay between social conditions, health disparities, and disease transmission.
- The Renaissance period marked the spread of syphilis in Europe, influenced by increased migration and lack of immunity among the population.
- The study aims to explore the origins of syphilis, its treatment evolution from early remedies to penicillin, and its broader effects on human lifestyle and evolution.
Bejel, an endemic treponematosis caused by infection with Treponema pallidum subspecies endemicum, has not been reported in eastern Asia and the Pacific region. We report local spread of bejel among men who have sex with men in Japan. Spread was complicated by venereal syphilis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular detection of Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum in 150-year-old foetal remains, southeastern France.
J Med Microbiol
May 2019
Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, France.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the presence of syphilis in infant remains dated between 1837 and 1867, found in Marseille, focusing on the pathogen Treponema pallidum.
- Researchers conducted both macroscopic analysis of skeletal remains and molecular tests for T. pallidum DNA, while also checking for other pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
- A significant finding was with one individual (SP332), the youngest case of congenital syphilis confirmed through PCR, marking an important contribution to understanding the historical impact of this disease in France.
Circulation of Distinct Strains in Individuals with Heterosexual Orientation and Men Who Have Sex with Men.
J Clin Microbiol
January 2019
Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Hospital Organization, Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Human treponematosis, causing syphilis, has been rising globally since the 2000s, particularly impacting men, especially those who have sex with men (MSM).
- In Japan, syphilis cases started to rise in 2011, with significant increases among young adult women, leading to a total of 5,829 cases reported in 2017.
- A study analyzing strains from 95 suspected syphilis patients in Osaka revealed distinct genetic differences between strains found in heterosexuals and MSM, suggesting unique factors driving syphilis prevalence in each group.
Bejel in Cuba: molecular identification of Treponema pallidum subsp. endemicum in patients diagnosed with venereal syphilis.
Clin Microbiol Infect
November 2018
Department of Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers conducted molecular typing on 92 samples, finding nucleotide sequence similarities to the bejel agent in nine samples from six patients, confirming a TEN classification.
- * The findings highlight the limitations of relying solely on traditional diagnostic methods for syphilis, urging a reevaluation of public health strategies regarding endemic diseases like bejel.
Eradicating successfully yaws from India: The strategy & global lessons.
Indian J Med Res
May 2015
Epidemiology & Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS), National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), Delhi, India.
Article Synopsis
- * By 2004, this initiative successfully achieved yaws-free status across all 51 endemic districts in 10 Indian states.
- * Ongoing surveillance and serological surveys among young children confirmed the absence of community transmission, showing that with strong political and community support, yaws can be eradicated in other endemic regions as well.
Evidence of skeletal treponematosis from the medieval burial ground of St. Mary Spital, London, and implications for the origins of the disease in Europe.
Am J Phys Anthropol
January 2015
Museum of London Archaeology, London, N1 7ED, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Treponematosis is a complex of chronic infectious diseases, with a focus on its relation to venereal syphilis, particularly before the discovery of antibiotics.
- The study analyzed skeletal remains of 5,387 individuals from a medieval burial site in London, revealing that 25 individuals showed signs of treponematosis, with cases spanning across the burial site's period (c 1120-1539).
- Findings indicate little variation in the disease's skeletal impact between pre- and post-Columbian times, but a significant increase in cases during the late 15th century suggests a correlation with documented European epidemics.
Which theory for the origin of syphilis is true?
J Sex Med
December 2014
University Department for Forensic Sciences, University of Split, Split, Croatia.
Introduction: There are four theories about the origin of syphilis, of which the mostly represented one is the Columbian theory. This theory suggests that syphilis was brought into Europe in 1493 ad by the ship from Caribbean islands.
Aim: The aim of this study is to test all theories on a sample of 403 skeletons: 135 from prehistory, 134 from antique, and 134 from medieval period and new age from the Dalmatia (Croatia).
Importance of extending the use of polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of venereal syphilis in a blood transfusion center in Burkina Faso, West Africa.
Pan Afr Med J
May 2016
Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA)/ (LABIOGENE), University of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Article Synopsis
- Traditional serological tests like RPR and CMIA struggle to differentiate between venereal and non-venereal syphilis, prompting interest in molecular biology methods for accurate diagnosis.
- A study involving 6,375 blood donor samples in Burkina Faso assessed the diagnostic effectiveness of PCR testing compared to serological methods for identifying Treponema pallidum subsp pallidum.
- Results showed a low T. pallidum prevalence with PCR confirming only a small number of positive cases, indicating potential issues with cross-reactions and the presence of non-venereal treponemal infections.
Isotopic tracing of the impact of mobility on infectious disease: The origin of people with treponematosis buried in hull, England, in the late medieval period.
Am J Phys Anthropol
February 2013
Department of Archaeology, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, England. c.a.roberts@ durham.ac.uk
Article Synopsis
- Treponematosis, an infectious disease studied in paleopathology, is explored in this research through skeletal evidence from a cemetery in Hull, England, dating back to the 14th-16th century AD.
- The study utilizes stable isotope analysis, focusing on strontium and oxygen isotopes from dental enamel samples of 12 skeletons—six with treponemal disease and six controls—to investigate the origins and mobility of these individuals.
- Findings indicate that individuals with treponemal bone changes were not significantly more likely to be migrants than controls, though historical trade connections suggest that some may have originated from the Baltic Sea area or southern Sweden.
Origin and evolution of syphilis: drifting myth.
Skinmed
February 2012
Dermato-Venereology (Skin/VD) Center, Sehgal Nursing Home, Panchwati, Delhi, India.
Article Synopsis
- - The spirochete Treponema pallidum, which causes treponematosis, particularly syphilis, was a significant public health issue in major cities before the advent of antibiotics, with societal perceptions linking modern life to increased susceptibility to the disease.
- - Richard von Krafft-Ebing's idea that "civilization means syphilization" reflects the belief that advancements in society made people more vulnerable to such infections, and Christopher Columbus is often cited as a potential source of syphilis introduction to Europe following his voyages to the New World.
- - Recent research, including skeletal studies and bacterial strain analysis, aims to challenge the traditional understanding of syphilis's origins and spread, suggesting the need for ongoing
Single-dose azithromycin versus benzathine benzylpenicillin for treatment of yaws in children in Papua New Guinea: an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised trial.
Lancet
January 2012
Lihir Medical Centre-International SOS, Newcrest Mining, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea.
Article Synopsis
- * Conducted in Papua New Guinea, the trial involved 250 children aged 6 months to 15 years with yaws, with a focus on cure rates after 6 months following treatment.
- * Results showed that 96% of the azithromycin group and 93% of the penicillin group were cured, proving that azithromycin is just as effective, with similar mild adverse effects in both treatment groups.
[SPECT and FDG-PET in diagnostics of neurolues].
Wien Klin Wochenschr
July 2009
Institut für Nuklearmedizin, Wagner-Jauregg Krankenhaus, Linz, Osterreich.
Article Synopsis
- Syphilis is a sexually or congenitally transmitted infection that can progress through primary, secondary, and tertiary stages, with diverse symptoms including painless lesions and potential organ damage.
- Diagnostic techniques in nuclear medicine, such as bone scans and liver scintigraphy, help identify skeletal and hepatic complications, while imaging brain blood flow is used to assess neurosyphilis effects.
- The incidence of neurosyphilis is low but may rise due to factors like migration, making it important to consider scintigraphic methods for diagnosing this condition in affected patients.
[Foot health in the tropics].
Med Trop (Mars)
April 2008
Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital d'instruction des armées Laveran, BP 50, 13998, Marseille.
Article Synopsis
- - The foot is at high risk for injury and infection in tropical regions due to various diseases.
- - Key diseases affecting the foot in these areas include leprosy, mycetoma, and ulcers caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, among others.
- - Emphasizing prevention is crucial to minimizing the impact of these conditions on foot health.
The Indian Ocean paradox revisited: HIV and sexually transmitted infections in the Comoros.
Int J STD AIDS
September 2007
Center for International Health, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- * Among the surveyed population, 3.6% had treponemal antibodies, likely indicating childhood infections rather than current sexual activity, as there was no correlation with sexual history or pregnancy outcomes.
- * The low rates of HIV among sex workers (1.4% and 0% in 2004 and 2005 respectively) suggest that the Comoros has unique protective factors, warranting targeted HIV prevention efforts focused on sex workers.
[A comparative study of the emergence of the AIDS and syphilis pandemics].
Sante
June 2007
Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Unité de recherche 178, Conditions et territoires d'émergences des maladies, Centre IRD de Hann, BP 1386, Dakar CP 18524 Sénégal.
Article Synopsis
- - The origins of syphilis and AIDS can be traced back to human intrusions in the environment, with syphilis likely arising from nonvenereal treponemal infections in prehistoric Africa and prior exposure in primates.
- - Syphilis was previously thought to have been brought to Europe by conquistadors, but evidence shows treponematosis lesions were present in Europe before the Common Era, indicating a more complex transmission history.
- - AIDS likely emerged in the Congo River basin around 1950, linked to the Bantu migration and changes in human behavior, with both diseases showing patterns of widespread emergence every 500 years due to shifting epidemiological factors.
Yaws disease in a wild gorilla population and its impact on the reproductive status of males.
Am J Phys Anthropol
April 2007
Ethologie-Evolution-Ecologie CNRS UMR 6552, Université Rennes 1, Station Biologique, 35380 Paimpont, France.
Article Synopsis
- * Lesion prevalence was higher in males, especially unmated adults, possibly due to more exposure to injuries compared to females, and did not hinder breeding success for males leading groups.
- * Immature gorillas in nonbreeding groups had more lesions, suggesting possible disease spread dynamics or dispersal patterns that warrant further research on the effects of these lesions on social structures and population health.
Endemic treponematosis: review and update.
Clin Dermatol
January 2007
Department of Dermatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Yaws, bejel, and pinta are still major health problems globally, despite efforts to eliminate them.
- These diseases can cause serious health complications beyond skin issues, affecting bones, nerves, and eyes.
- While penicillin is the preferred treatment, other antibiotics like tetracycline and erythromycin can also work, but there is a lack of effective diagnostic tests.