1,300 results match your criteria: "Traumatic Peripheral Nerve Lesions"

Article Synopsis
  • Ultrasound (US) has become crucial for monitoring changes in injured nerves post-surgery, but the link between these changes and actual nerve function isn’t fully clear.
  • A study followed 20 patients with significant nerve injuries over several years, analyzing nerve structure using US alongside clinical assessments of sensitivity and motor function.
  • Results indicated that US could effectively detect structural changes in nerves after trauma, suggesting a correlation between continuous nerve fascicles seen on US and improved sensory and motor functions after 12 months.
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Peripheral nerve injury (PNI), typically caused by traumatic accidents or medical events, is currently one of the most common diseases that leads to limb disability. After PNI, tetrodotoxin-resistant voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.8 is upregulated at the lesion site.

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Article Synopsis
  • This study aimed to create a machine learning algorithm that would help estimate the likelihood of recurrence after an arthroscopic Bankart repair (ABR) for shoulder instability.
  • The researchers analyzed data from 14 studies involving 5,591 patients and identified risk factors for recurrence, finding that certain factors like age and type of sport increased risk, while a single dislocation reduced it.
  • However, the machine learning model struggled to accurately predict recurrence rates due to inconsistent data across studies, highlighting the need for better data standardization in future research.
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Background And Purpose: Supracondylar humerus fractures (SCHFs) are the most common elbow fractures in children. Traumatic median nerve injury and isolated lesions of its pure forearm motor branch, anterior interosseus nerve (AIN), have both been independently reported as complications of displaced SCHFs. Our main objectives were to characterize the neurological syndrome to distinguish median nerve from AIN lesions and to determine the prognosis of median nerve lesions after displaced SCHFs.

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The variety of sources of brachial plexus injuries (BPIs) and the severity and similarity of their clinical symptoms with those of other injuries make their differential diagnosis difficult. Enriching their diagnosis with objective high-sensitivity diagnostics such as clinical neurophysiology may lead to satisfactory treatment results, and magnetic stimulation (MEP) might be an advantageous addition to the diagnostic standard of electrical stimulation used in electroneurography (ENG). The asymptomatic side in BPI cases sometimes shows only subclinical neurological deficits; this study aimed to clarify the validity and utility of using MEP vs.

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Despite the intrinsic repair of peripheral nerve injury (PNI), it is important to carefully monitor the process of peripheral nerve repair, as peripheral nerve regeneration is slow and incomplete in large traumatic lesions. Hence, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with protective and regenerative functions are utilized in synergy with innovative micro/nano technologies to enhance the regeneration process of peripheral nerves. Nonetheless, as MSCs are assessed using standard regenerative criteria including sensory-motor indices, structural features, and morphology, it is challenging to differentiate between the protective and regenerative impacts of MSCs on neural tissue.

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Oligodendrocyte Progenitors in Glial Scar: A Bet on Remyelination.

Cells

June 2024

Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology of Purinergic Transmission, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy.

Article Synopsis
  • In response to trauma or neurodegenerative diseases, adult OPCs activate, migrate, and attempt to proliferate to repair damaged areas, but their effectiveness is hindered by a glial scar formed by reactive astrocytes and microglia.
  • The review highlights the importance of focusing on OPC behavior in the context of glial scars and proposes therapeutic strategies that could enhance OPC differentiation and promote remyelination in the CNS.
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Article Synopsis
  • Traumatic injuries to the long thoracic nerve can result in winged scapula and shoulder dysfunction, making early and effective treatment crucial yet challenging.
  • A case study of a 32-year-old athlete showed that after surgery for Thoracic Outlet Syndrome, he continued to experience significant weakness and winged scapula, leading to a nerve transfer procedure.
  • The nerve transfer from the thoracodorsal nerve to the injured long thoracic nerve proved successful, restoring shoulder function and significantly reducing chronic pain.
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Article Synopsis
  • Pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to long-term neuroinflammation and disabilities, especially in children, highlighting the need to study its lasting effects on brain development.
  • In a mouse model, researchers induced TBI and then assessed neuroinflammation, myelination, and behavioral changes over time, finding robust inflammation and various neurodevelopmental issues.
  • The findings revealed persistent behavioral deficits, such as anxiety and social interaction problems, linked to white matter damage, establishing the mouse model as a valuable tool for future research on TBI outcomes.
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Fibular (peroneal) neuropathy.

Handb Clin Neurol

May 2024

Division of Neurology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. Electronic address:

Fibular neuropathy has variable presenting features depending on the site of the lesion. Anatomical features make it susceptible to injury from extrinsic factors, particularly the superficial location of the nerve at the head of the fibula. There are many mechanisms of compression or other traumatic injury of the fibular nerve, as well as entrapment and intrinsic nerve lesions.

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Radial neuropathy.

Handb Clin Neurol

May 2024

Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. Electronic address:

Radial neuropathy is the third most common upper limb mononeuropathy after median and ulnar neuropathies. Muscle weakness, particularly wrist drop, is the main clinical feature of most cases of radial neuropathy, and an understanding of the radial nerve's anatomy generally makes localizing the lesion straightforward. Electrodiagnosis can help confirm a diagnosis of radial neuropathy and may help with more precise localization of the lesion.

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Surgical treatment of painful neuroma in amputated and non-amputated patients: does the level of neurotomy affect clinical outcomes?

Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg

August 2024

Department of Orthopedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Percy Military Hospital, 101 Avenue Henri Barbusse, Clamart, 92140, France.

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of distal neurotomy (DN) versus proximal neurotomy (PN) for the surgical management of painful neuromas in amputees and non-amputees, whether used in passive or active treatment.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent surgery for painful traumatic neuromas between 2019 and 2022. DN with neuroma excision was performed at the level of the injury or amputation.

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Introduction: Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) remain an important health problem. PNIs mostly affect young men as this age group is mostly involved in road traffic accidents and other injuries at workplace. PNI can occur from foreign bodies like metal chips while working in industries using lathe machines.

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Primary Radial Nerve Lesions in Humerus Shaft Fractures-Revision or Wait and See.

J Clin Med

March 2024

Department of Trauma Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.

: This study investigates the surgical state-of-the-art procedure for humeral shaft fractures with primary radial nerve palsy based on its own case series in relation to the current and established literature. : Retrospective review of treated cases between January 2018 and December 2022 describing radial nerve palsy after humerus shaft fractures, radiological fracture classification, intraoperative findings, surgical procedure, patient follow-up and functional outcome. : A total of 804 patients (463 women and 341 men) with humerus shaft fractures were identified.

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Article Synopsis
  • Physiatrists are working with disaster survivors, focusing on muscle and nerve injuries from events like the Turkey-Syria earthquake, highlighting the importance of neuromusculoskeletal ultrasound in treatment.
  • A study involved 52 earthquake victims, examining their demographics, injury types, and treatments, with a significant number suffering from incomplete peripheral nerve lesions.
  • The use of ultrasound is crucial for rehabilitation in these cases, suggesting that portable ultrasound technology should be utilized for on-site examinations during early disaster response.
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Exploring an innovative decellularization protocol for porcine nerve grafts: a translational approach to peripheral nerve repair.

Front Neuroanat

March 2024

Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Turin, Turin, Italy.

Introduction: Peripheral nerves are frequently affected by lesions caused by traumatic or iatrogenic damages, resulting in loss of motor and sensory function, crucial in orthopedic outcomes and with a significant impact on patients' quality of life. Many strategies have been proposed over years to repair nerve injuries with substance loss, to achieve musculoskeletal reinnervation and functional recovery. Allograft have been tested as an alternative to the gold standard, the autograft technique, but nerves from donors frequently cause immunogenic response.

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Traumatic nerve injuries are common lesions that affect several hundred thousand humans, as well as dogs and cats. The assessment of nerve regeneration through animal models may provide information for translational research and future therapeutic options that can be applied mutually in veterinary and human medicine, from a One Health perspective. This review offers a hands-on vision of the non-invasive and conservative approaches to peripheral nerve injury, focusing on the role of neurorehabilitation in nerve repair and regeneration.

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Supracondylar humerus fractures are the most common elbow fractures in children up to 10 years of age. The incidence of associated nerve injuries varies up to 15% depending on the data. Traumatic and iatrogenic lesions mainly affect the ulnar nerve.

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Background: Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) of the upper limb are very common events within the pediatric population, especially following soft tissue trauma and bone fractures. Symptoms of brachial plexus nerve injuries can differ considerably depending on the site and severity of injury. Compared to median and radial nerves, the ulnar nerve (UN) is the most frequently and severely injured nerve of the upper extremity.

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Introduction/aims: There is a dearth of knowledge regarding the status of infralesional lower motor neurons (LMNs) in individuals with traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (SCI), yet there is a growing need to understand how the spinal lesion impacts LMNs caudal to the lesion epicenter, especially in the context of nerve transfer surgery to restore several key upper limb functions. Our objective was to determine the frequency of pathological spontaneous activity (PSA) at, and below, the level of spinal injury, to gain an understanding of LMN health below the spinal lesion.

Methods: Ninety-one limbs in 57 individuals (53 males, mean age = 44.

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Objective: SARS-Cov-19 pandemic totally changed daily routine work in German hospitals. As hospital capacity was reduced, many surgeries were postponed or even cancelled. On March 25th 2020 the German Society of Neurosurgery (DGNC) published a statement in which urgent non-elective surgeries were defined for each neurosurgical domain, whereas elective interventions were deferred.

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It is not known why some patients develop persistent pain after nerve trauma while others do not. Among multiple risk factors for the development of persistent posttrauma and postsurgical pain, a neuropathic mechanism due to iatrogenic nerve lesion has been proposed as the major cause of these conditions. Because there is some evidence that the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system plays a role in persistent postsurgical pain, this study aimed to identify the genetic risk factors, specifically among HLA loci, associated with chronic neuropathic pain after traumatic nerve injuries and surgery in the upper extremities.

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Peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNST) comprise schwannomas and neurofibromas. The finding of increased adipose tissue around benign PNSTs has been described as the "split fat sign" on magnetic resonance imaging exams, which is suggestive of an intramuscular or intermuscular location of the tumor. However, few studies have described this sign as a salient ultrasound feature of PNSTs.

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Background: Peripheral nerve injury refers to any damage or trauma to the nerves located outside the central nervous system. Ultrasonography is a reliable, cheap, and minimally invasive method in clinical practice to give physicians useful information about nerve injury.

Objectives: to assess the power of ultrasound in determining the presence, localization, and extent of neural damage in patients with clinical evidence of peripheral nerve lesions before surgery.

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Background: Brachial plexus injury is a serious peripheral nerve injury that severely disables upper limbs and affects patients' daily life and work Acupuncture and Electroacupuncture have traditionally been used to treat neuropathic pain. However, there is still lacking evidence as regard to their effects on pain following traumatic nerve and plexus lesions. Neurotmesis after brachial plexus injury also causes movement disorders of the denervated muscles and loss of sensory function in the skin.

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