Characteristics and recovery trends of severe TBI patients with a favorable functional outcome at 6-month follow-up.

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a devastating cause of death and disability. Outcomes following TBI have been extensively studied; however, less attention has been given to identifying characteristics of individuals who have a favorable outcome following severe TBI. We conducted a retrospective analysis of a database containing information on TBI patients admitted to a level 1 trauma center between 2015 and 2021.

Short-term outcomes of gradual ulnar lengthening in multiple hereditary osteochondromas of the forearm with monolateral external fixator.

Hereditary multiple exostoses is an autosomal dominant genetic condition primarily affecting long bones. Forearm deformities, including wrist ulnar deviation, ulnar shortening, radial or ulnar bowing, and radial head dislocation, are common manifestations. Gradual ulnar lengthening is suggested as a viable treatment option for managing these deformities.

Examining the association of elevated initial serum lactate with mortality and morbidity in trauma patients: a retrospective study.

Background: Elevated initial serum lactate (iSL) levels are frequently employed to assess trauma severity, but their predictive value for mortality and morbidity remains inconsistent. We evaluated the association of iSL with mortality and morbidity at Puerto Rico Trauma Hospital (PRTH).

Methods: This IRB-approved retrospective study included trauma patients ≥ 18 years with iSL measured within the first 48 h of admission to PRTH (July 2014-June 2019).

Efficacy of oral modafinil on accelerating consciousness recovery in adult patients with moderate to severe acute traumatic brain injury admitted to intensive care unit: a randomized double-blind clinical trial.

Background: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a leading cause of hospitalization and disability in young and middle-aged adults. This study aims to survey the efficacy of oral modafinil, a low-side-effect central nervous system stimulant, in the enhancement of consciousness recovery in moderate to severe TBI patients in the ICUs of a referral trauma center.

Materials And Methods: All ICU patients meeting inclusion criteria between April 2021 and April 2023 were screened.

Annual SZ: An Alternative Immunotherapy for COVID-19 and Long COVID.

Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in late 2019 and early 2020, the identification of drugs to control severe acute respiratory syndrome coro-navirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and its symptoms has been a pressing focus of research. Cytokine storm and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are the leading causes of mortality following infection. In this review, we discuss immune pathogenesis and four medications, including Remdesivir, Tocilizumab, Dexamethasone, and Annual SZ for COVID-19.

Traumatic brain Injury: Comprehensive overview from pathophysiology to Mesenchymal stem Cell-Based therapies.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a disastrous phenomenon which is considered to cause high mortality and morbidity rate. Regarding the importance of TBI due to its prevalence and its effects on the brain and other organs, finding new therapeutic methods and improvement of conventional therapies seems to be vital. TBI involves a complex physiological mechanism, with inflammation being a key component among various contributing factors.

Safety and efficacy of intrathecal antibodies to Nogo-A in patients with acute cervical spinal cord injury: a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, placebo-controlled, phase 2b trial.

Background: Spinal cord injury results in permanent neurological impairment and disability due to the absence of spontaneous regeneration. NG101, a recombinant human antibody, neutralises the neurite growth-inhibiting protein Nogo-A, promoting neural repair and motor recovery in animal models of spinal cord injury. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intrathecal NG101 on recovery in patients with acute cervical traumatic spinal cord injury.

Comprehensive Management of Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis Post-COVID-19: A Case Report.

Post-COVID-19 mucormycosis, particularly the rhino-orbital-cerebral form, can be life-threatening. This case highlights the importance of maintaining high clinical suspicion, especially in patients with recent COVID-19 history. Prompt diagnosis, aggressive surgical debridement, and antifungal therapy are crucial for successful management, even in patients without traditional risk factors.

Cyclosporine and fedratinib combination therapy via modulating Th17/Treg balance in Rat model of membranous glomerulonephritis.

A progressive kidney disease associated with inflammation and the immune system is called membrane glomerulonephritis (MGN). The present study investigatedthe combination of cyclosporine and fedratinib on Th17/regulatory T cells (Tregs) in rat models of MGN. Rats were given several doses of anti-Fx1A to induce MGN, and the resultant five groups of rats were fedratinib-cyclosporin receiving PHN rats, fedratinib, cyclosporin, and healthy rats.

Implant Mismatch does not Affect Patient Outcomes in Primary Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty.

Background: There is a paucity of literature on manufacturer mismatch in reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). It is unclear if use of different implant manufacturers for the glenoid side and the humeral side influences patient outcomes in primary RSA. We hypothesize that patients undergoing primary RSA with manufacturer mismatch such that humeral and glenoid components are from different manufacturers will not experience adverse outcomes when compared to a cohort of patients with humeral and glenoid components from the same manufacturer.

Diagnostic significance of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy: a meta-analysis.

Background: We aimed to determine the association of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched from the establishment of the database to May 5, 2022 to find the relevant studies.

Characteristics and outcome of patients requiring Decompressive Craniectomy for Traumatic Brain Injury: a retrospective analysis.

Brain swelling after Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) can elevate intracranial pressure, necessitating Decompressive Craniectomy (DC) as the preferred surgical intervention. This study aimed to analyze a large institutional database to identify clinical characteristics of patients requiring primary DC and their outcomes. We reviewed TBI patients admitted to our center from 2015 to 2021, utilizing a prospectively maintained registry.

Pre-admission opioid use disorder as a new predictor of in-hospital mortality and six-month outcomes in traumatic brain injury patients: a retrospective longitudinal cohort study.

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of pre-admission Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) on in-hospital mortality and 6-month follow-up TBI outcomes.

Design: This study included 2804 patients with TBI admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of Emtiaz (Rajaee) Hospital, a referral trauma center in Shiraz, Iran. Finally, 1087 eligible participants were selected from included patients.

Comparison of gauze packing, sponge-based, and hemostatic surgicel wound stasis dressings to treat hemorrhages from grade IV liver injuries: An experimental study.

Background: Uncontrolled bleeding is still the major factor leading to preventable deaths following trauma. This study sought to assess the effectiveness of mini sponge-based wound stasis, cellulose-based local hemostatic, and traditional gauze dressings for the control of hemorrhages resulting from grade 4 liver injuries in rats.

Methods: Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three equal groups.

Ileum Obstruction Following Appendix Adhesion Band after Sleeve Surgery: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Sleeve gastrectomy is a popular surgical procedure for weight loss. Although it is basically a safe surgery; however, it can lead to serious complications such as intestinal obstruction. The present report describes a 55-year-old woman who attended with complications of abdominal pain and vomiting that underwent laparoscopic exploratory intervention and ileum obstruction due to adherent bands of the appendix was considered as final diagnosis.

Recommendations for long-term follow-up care of secondary health conditions in spinal cord injury/disorder: a systematic review.

Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review is to provide an overview of published follow-up care programs of primary and secondary health conditions (SHCs) in spinal cord injury/disorder (SCI/D) and spina bifida and describe recommendations on content, frequency, setting of follow-up care programs for persons with SCI/D and spina bifida.

Methods: According to the sequence of procedures of the AWMF (Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany) a systematic literature search was performed (in PubMed, Cochrane Library and nine additional databases for guidelines) between 5 September 2019 and 22 September 2019. Publications (Jan.

"Voiceless Pain"-Assessment of Pain in Patients with Obstetric Brachial Plexus Injuries: A Retrospective, Single Center Analysis.

Background: Obstetric brachial plexus injuries (OBPIs) not only lead to severe and life changing sequelae regarding motor impairment but can also be responsible for multi-characteristic pain. In everyday routine, questions regarding pain of the developing child with an OBPI are often overseen and neglected. We aimed to elucidate this specific question and analyzed all patients with OBPI treated in our center to unmask initially non-observed pain and ultimately put pain in correlation to the surgical reconstructive treatment performed.

Iodine-Based Dual-Energy Computed Tomography After Mechanical Thrombectomy Predicts Secondary Neurologic Decline from Cerebral Edema After Severe Stroke.

Background: Patients with severe stroke are at high risk of secondary neurologic decline (ND) from the development of malignant cerebral edema (MCE). However, early infarcts are hard to diagnose on conventional head computed tomography (CT). We hypothesize that high-energy (190 keV) virtual monochromatic imaging (VMI) from dual-energy CT (DECT) imaging enables earlier detection of ND from MCE.

Resuming work roles after injury in a low-income context: Multiple factors influencing the return to work outcomes.

Background: Return to work (RTW) is an important outcome indicator for the effectiveness of rehabilitation services, and the functional status and overall recovery among individuals who have experienced injury. Despite the rising incidence of traumatic injury among economically productive citizens in Ethiopia, there is a paucity of evidence about the RTW status of injury survivors. This study examined factors associated with RTW success and determinants of time to RTW after injury in Ethiopia.

A Systematic Review on the Role of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in Limb Ischemia.

Background: Limb ischemia is a severe vascular condition that can lead to critical complications, endangering both limbs and lives. The goal of this research was to explore the role of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in limb ischemia.

Methods: From inception to June 8, 2022, PubMed/MEDLINE, Institute for Scientific Information Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for articles comparing NLR in limb ischemia to healthy individuals.

Artificial intelligence in traumatology.

Aims: The aim of this study was to create artificial intelligence (AI) software with the purpose of providing a second opinion to physicians to support distal radius fracture (DRF) detection, and to compare the accuracy of fracture detection of physicians with and without software support.

Methods: The dataset consisted of 26,121 anonymized anterior-posterior (AP) and lateral standard view radiographs of the wrist, with and without DRF. The convolutional neural network (CNN) model was trained to detect the presence of a DRF by comparing the radiographs containing a fracture to the inconspicuous ones.

Free functional gracilis transfer for reconstruction of isolated anterior deltoid atrophy following surgical proximal humerus fixation.

Background: Palsy of the clavicular head of the deltoid is a complication after surgical fixation of proximal humerus fractures. Flexion of the shoulder joint may be impaired as a result. Additionally, patients may complain of joint instability, visible atrophy, and pain.