The nucleoid protein HU positively regulates the expression of type VI secretion systems in .

Unlabelled: is an emerging pathogen isolated in healthcare-associated infections. A major virulence factor of this bacterium is the type VI secretion system (T6SS). The genome of harbors two T6SS gene clusters (T6SS-1 and T6SS-2), and the functional characterization of both systems showed that these two T6SSs are not expressed under the same conditions.

Rickettsiosis subcommittee report to the tick-borne disease working group.

Tick-borne rickettsial infections are serious, common, and difficult to diagnose. Among the most important factors leading to failure to diagnose and treat tick-borne rickettsioses effectively is a lack of consideration of the potential diagnosis by primary caregivers and emergency department physicians in patients presenting with undifferentiated acute febrile illness during tick season. This situation exists because of insufficient primary and continuing medical education of medical students, primary care and emergency medicine residents, and practicing physicians regarding tick-borne rickettsioses specific to the region where they practice.

The detection of Coccidioides from ambient air in Phoenix, Arizona: Evidence of uneven distribution and seasonality.

Coccidioidomycosis is a debilitating fungal disease caused by inhalation of arthroconidia. We developed a novel approach for detection of airborne Coccidioides and used it to investigate the distribution of arthroconidia across the Phoenix, Arizona, metropolitan area. Air filters were collected daily from 21 stationary air-sampling units across the area: the first set collected before, during and after a large dust storm on August 25, 2015, and the second over the 45-day period September 25-November 8, 2016.

Use of fluorescent oligonucleotide probes for differentiation between Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Paracoccidioides lutzii in yeast and mycelial phase.

Background: Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) associated with Tyramide Signal Amplification (TSA) using oligonucleotides labeled with non-radioactive fluorophores is a promising technique for detection and differentiation of fungal species in environmental or clinical samples, being suitable for microorganisms which are difficult or even impossible to culture.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to standardise an in situ hybridisation technique for the differentiation between the pathogenic species Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Paracoccidioides lutzii, by using species-specific DNA probes targeting the internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS-1) of the rRNA gene.

Methods: Yeast and mycelial phase of each Paracoccidioides species, were tested by two different detection/differentiation techniques: TSA-FISH for P.

Environmental Mapping of Paracoccidioides spp. in Brazil Reveals New Clues into Genetic Diversity, Biogeography and Wild Host Association.

Background: Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Paracoccidioides lutzii are the etiological agents of Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), and are easily isolated from human patients. However, due to human migration and a long latency period, clinical isolates do not reflect the spatial distribution of these pathogens. Molecular detection of P.

Evolutionary History of the Global Emergence of the Escherichia coli Epidemic Clone ST131.

Unlabelled: Escherichia colisequence type 131 (ST131) has emerged globally as the most predominant extraintestinal pathogenic lineage within this clinically important species, and its association with fluoroquinolone and extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance impacts significantly on treatment. The evolutionary histories of this lineage, and of important antimicrobial resistance elements within it, remain unclearly defined. This study of the largest worldwide collection (n= 215) of sequenced ST131E.

Linking soil bacterial biodiversity and soil carbon stability.

Native soil carbon (C) can be lost in response to fresh C inputs, a phenomenon observed for decades yet still not understood. Using dual-stable isotope probing, we show that changes in the diversity and composition of two functional bacterial groups occur with this 'priming' effect. A single-substrate pulse suppressed native soil C loss and reduced bacterial diversity, whereas repeated substrate pulses stimulated native soil C loss and increased diversity.