Increased Red Cell Superoxide Dismutase Activity Is Associated with Cancer Risk: A Hidaka Cohort Study.

Unlabelled: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyzes the highly reactive superoxide anion to form hydrogen peroxide, which facilitates cell proliferation and death. We investigated whether red cell SOD (R-SOD) activity is associated with an increased risk of cancer in a Japanese general population. We prospectively analyzed data from 1,921 participants (800 men and 1,121 women; age, 58.

Degradation of Unsintered Hydroxyapatite and Poly-L-Lactide Composite Sheets In Vivo and In Vitro.

Bioabsorbable sheet-shaped implants made of forged composites of unsintered hydroxyapatite and poly-L-lactide (F-u-HA/PLLA) have been used for orbital fracture repair with good results. This is the first report using multiple specimens implanted in the human orbit to demonstrate the biodegradation and loss of strength of F-u-HA/PLLA sheets. Among the patients who underwent various facial fracture repairs with F-u-HA/PLLA sheets implanted in their orbits, those whose sheets were subsequently extracted were included in the study.

The effect of anterior support screw (AS2) in unstable femoral trochanteric fractures: A multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: This study was conducted to verify the effectiveness of Anterior Support Screw (AS2) for unstable femoral trochanteric fractures.

Design: A multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial SETTING: This study was conducted across 15 academic medical centers in Japan PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS: We enrolled 240 cases of femoral trochanteric fractures with posterior crushing and intramedullary displacement of proximal bone fragments across 15 institutions in Japan.

Intervention: All patients were subjected to a reduction in which the anterior cortex was brought into contact.

Four successive cases of human fasciolosis in Japan.

Fasciolosis is a food-borne parasitic disease, caused by the large liver fluke, Fasciola. Humans acquire infection by ingesting fresh or undercooked water plants, on which infective metacercaria encyst. In spite of the rarity of the disease in Japan, we encountered four successive fasciolosis patients within a short period, who were all living in the same area.

The efficacy of simple oral nutritional supplements versus usual care in postoperative patients with gastric cancer: study protocol for a multicenter, open-label, parallel, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Body weight loss (BWL) after gastrectomy impact on the short- and long-term outcomes. Oral nutritional supplement (ONS) has potential to prevent BWL in patients after gastrectomy. However, there is no consistent evidence supporting the beneficial effects of ONS on BWL, muscle strength and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

[Recurrent Breast Cancer with Pulmonary Lymphangitis Carcinomatosis Case Responding to Trastuzumab Deruxtecan].

Pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosis is generally characterized by resistance to chemotherapy and is associated with a poor prognosis. Herein, we present a case of pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis from recurrent breast cancer that responded well to trastuzumab deruxtecan(T-DXd). The patient was a 40-year-old woman with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-positive breast cancer.

Indocyanine green fluorescence visualizes landmark arteries for endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery.

Objective: Landmark arteries during endoscopic sinus surgery are currently identified on the basis of anatomy, CT imaging and navigation, and Doppler flowmetry. However, the advantage of intraoperative fluorescence imaging during endoscopic sinus surgery has not been demonstrated. This study aimed to investigate whether Indocyanine Green (ICG) is useful for visualizing landmark arteries during endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery.

A Deep Learning-Based Assay for Programmed Death Ligand 1 Immunohistochemistry Scoring in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma: Does it Help Pathologists Score?

Several studies have developed various artificial intelligence (AI) models for immunohistochemical analysis of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma; however, none have focused on specific ways by which AI-assisted systems could help pathologists determine the tumor proportion score (TPS). In this study, we developed an AI model to calculate the TPS of the PD-L1 22C3 assay and evaluated whether and how this AI-assisted system could help pathologists determine the TPS and analyze how AI-assisted systems could affect pathologists' assessment accuracy. We assessed the 4 methods of the AI-assisted system: (1 and 2) pathologists first assessed and then referred to automated AI scoring results (1, positive tumor cell percentage; 2, positive tumor cell percentage and visualized overlay image) for final confirmation, and (3 and 4) pathologists referred to the automated AI scoring results (3, positive tumor cell percentage; 4, positive tumor cell percentage and visualized overlay image) while determining TPS.

Insulin-like Growth Factor II mRNA-binding Protein 3 is a Highly Sensitive Marker for Intravascular Large B-cell Lymphoma: Immunohistochemical Analysis of 152 Pathology Specimens From 88 Patients.

Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare type of aggressive extranodal large B-cell lymphoma characterized by the selective growth of lymphoma cells within the lumina of blood vessels, particularly capillaries. IVLBCL lacks mass formation, and its diagnosis can be challenging. We analyzed the utility of insulin-like growth factor II mRNA-binding protein 3 (IMP3) immunohistochemistry for IVLBCL diagnosis in various organs.

Effects of thienopyridine class antiplatelets on bleeding outcomes following robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.

This study aimed to assess the effects of thienopyridine-class antiplatelet agents (including ticlopidine, clopidogrel, and prasugrel) on bleeding complications in patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. This cohort study used a database for robot-assisted radical prostatectomy at 23 tertiary centers nationwide between 2011 and 2022. Patients who received thienopyridines (thienopyridine group) were compared with those who received aspirin monotherapy (aspirin group).

Correction: Electronic Health Record-Nested Reminders for Serum Lithium Level Monitoring in Patients With Mood Disorder: Randomized Controlled Trial.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/40595.].

Pancreatitis as immune-related adverse event during pembrolizumab therapy for multiple lung metastases from renal pelvic cancer.

Introduction: Pembrolizumab administration has become the standard of care for patients with urothelial carcinoma, though a variety of adverse events have been reported. Presented here is a rare case of pancreatitis that occurred as an immune-related adverse event.

Case Presentation: An 81-year-old man undergoing treatment with pembrolizumab for multiple lung metastases from renal pelvic cancer was presented with a fever and diagnosed with pancreatitis based on elevated pancreatic enzyme levels and imaging findings.

Management of Patients Receiving Antiplatelet Therapy During Gastroenterological Surgery: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study (GSATT).

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of continuing preoperative aspirin monotherapy on surgical outcomes in patients receiving antiplatelet therapy (APT).

Background: The effectiveness of continuing preoperative aspirin monotherapy in patients undergoing APT in preventing thromboembolic consequences is mostly unknown.

Methods: This prospective multicenter cohort study on the Safety and Feasibility of Gastroenterological Surgery in Patients Undergoing Antithrombotic Therapy (GSATT study) conducted at 14 clinical centers enrolled and screened patients between October 2019 and December 2021.

An easy-to-use semi-automatic volumetric evaluation for secondary bone grafting in patients with unilateral alveolar cleft.

Surgical intervention for alveolar bone formation is important in patients with alveolar cleft; however, the treatment methods and materials are still controversial. A precise evaluation method for postoperative bone formation is important for comparing outcomes and establishing the best treatment protocol. The purpose of this study is to establish a new method of evaluating surgical outcomes for patients with alveolar cleft.

[Advanced Bladder Cancer with Multiple Pulmonary Metastases Treated with Paclitaxel/Ifosfamide/Nedaplatin Therapy : Two Case Reports].

The standard treatment for advanced urothelial carcinoma includes platinum-based chemotherapy and programmed cell death protein 1 or programmed death ligand 1 inhibitors. However, urothelial carcinomas are often associated with both intrinsic and acquired resistance to these treatments. Paclitaxel, ifosfamide, and nedaplatin (TIN) chemotherapy has been proven to be effective as the second- or third-line treatment for platinum-resistant advanced urothelial cancer.

[Intraoperative Subsegmental Pulmonary Artery Embolization for Catheter Induced Pulmonary Pseudoaneurysm].

An 82-year-old female patient with severe aortic stenosis underwent aortic valve replacement. After weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass, it was noticed that Swan-Ganz( SG) catheter tip was located 50 cm distally to the right neck. After the catheter was pulled back, massive hemoptysis occurred.

Clinical significance of serum cytokine profiles for differentiating between Kawasaki disease and its mimickers.

Objectives: To investigate the clinical significance of serum cytokine profiles for differentiating between Kawasaki disease (KD) and its mimickers.

Methods: Patients with KD, including complete KD, KD shock syndrome (KDSS), and KD with macrophage activation syndrome (KD-MAS), and its mimickers, including multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, toxic shock syndrome, and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection, were enrolled. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor type II (sTNF-RII), IL-10, IL-18, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 (CXCL9) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared them with clinical manifestations.

Covered self-expandable metallic stents versus plastic stents for endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy in patients with malignant biliary obstruction.

Background/aims: Covered self-expandable metallic stents (cSEMS) have become popular for endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy with transmural stenting (EUS-HGS). We compared the time to recurrent biliary obstruction (TRBO), complications, and reintervention rates between EUS-HGS using plastic stent (PS) and cSEMS in patients with unresectable malignancies at multicenter institutions in Japan.

Methods: Patients with unresectable malignant biliary obstruction who underwent EUS-HGS between April 2015 and July 2020 at any of the six participating facilities were enrolled.

Safe administration of sotrovimab to a COVID-19 patient with acute phase type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and poor glycemic control are risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Sotrovimab can treat mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in patients at a high risk of progression to severe COVID-19. However, its safety and efficacy in T1DM patients remain to be elucidated.