106 results match your criteria: "Toxicity Nitrous Dioxide"
An Azide-Free Synthesis of Metallodiazomethanes Using Nitrous Oxide.
J Am Chem Soc
September 2024
Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, Bochum 44801, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Diazo compounds are important for chemical synthesis but often use dangerous materials; this study presents a safer method to create alkali metal diazomethanides using metalated ylides and nitrous oxide.
- The reaction follows a Wittig-like mechanism and involves a unique cycloaddition that releases phosphine oxide, leading to enhanced stability of the resulting diazomethanes.
- The improved thermal stability allows for various applications, including creating metal complexes and synthesizing compounds like 1,2,3-triazoles and diazoacetates.
Microplastics enhanced the allelopathy of pyrogallol on toxic Microcystis with additional risks: Microcystins release and greenhouse gases emissions.
Sci Total Environ
October 2024
Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Eutrophication causes cyanobacteria blooms, particularly harmful Microcystis aeruginosa, which releases toxic microcystins, raising global environmental concerns.
- The study investigated how polystyrene microplastics and pyrogallol affect the growth and photosynthesis of M. aeruginosa, finding that microplastics intensified the negative effects of pyrogallol on the algae.
- Results showed that while the microplastics reduced cell growth and photosynthesis, they simultaneously increased the release of microcystins and greenhouse gases, highlighting the compounded ecological risks of microplastics in freshwater environments.
Effects of microplastics on sedimentary greenhouse gas emissions and underlying microbiome-mediated mechanisms: A comparison of sediments from distinct altitudes.
J Hazard Mater
August 2024
State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Microplastics (MPs) like polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polylactic acid (PLA) impact greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in aquatic ecosystems, influencing carbon and nitrogen cycling in sediments at varied altitudes of the Yellow River.
- * PVC tends to increase denitrifier populations, boosting nitrogen oxide (NO) emissions, while PLA decreases certain microbial abundances, thereby hindering NO emissions.
- * Both types of MPs encourage microbes that break down complex organics, raising carbon dioxide (CO) emissions; however, PLA's effect on methane (CH) emissions is minimal due to its inhibition of specific key genes.
Addition of iron does not ameliorate sulfide toxicity by sargassum influx to mangroves but dampens methane and nitrous oxide emissions.
Mar Pollut Bull
May 2024
Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3a, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- Sargassum strandings in the tropical Atlantic create toxic sulfide levels that harm mangrove ecosystems.
- An experiment tested whether adding iron(III) (hydr)oxides could reduce sulfide toxicity and greenhouse gas emissions in mangroves affected by Sargassum.
- While iron failed to prevent mangrove death from high sulfide levels, it did reduce methane and nitrous oxide emissions significantly, highlighting the complex ecological impacts of Sargassum on mangroves.
The relationship between toxic air pollution, health expenditure, and economic growth in the European Union: fresh evidence from the PMG-ARDL model.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
March 2024
Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211100, China.
Article Synopsis
- Air pollution poses significant economic risks to the European Union, driven by factors such as industrial activity, population growth, and increasing vehicle traffic, which also lead to higher healthcare costs due to health issues.
- The research analyzes data over 29 years to explore the relationship between hazardous air quality, healthcare expenditures, and economic growth, revealing that higher GDP increases health spending while pollutants like NOX and CO2 negatively impact those costs.
- Statistical tests confirm a long-term relationship among health expenditures, GDP, and air pollution, suggesting that addressing air quality could have positive economic and health outcomes in the EU.
Wearable Nano-Based Gas Sensors for Environmental Monitoring and Encountered Challenges in Optimization.
Sensors (Basel)
October 2023
Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey.
Article Synopsis
Agritech to Tame the Nitrogen Cycle.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol
March 2024
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
Article Synopsis
- The Haber-Bosch process has significantly boosted food production for humanity but has led to negative environmental impacts, such as increased nitrate production, GHG emissions, and water pollution.
- Agriculture contributes approximately 9.3 Gt of CO2 equivalents annually, with major GHGs being methane and nitrous oxide, highlighting the need for a shift to sustainable practices.
- The adoption of biological fertilizers and innovative agritech solutions like soil-free aquaponics can improve nitrogen efficiency, reduce GHG emissions, and protect water resources while addressing the issues caused by synthetic fertilizers.
Inhibition of Methylmercury and Methane Formation by Nitrous Oxide in Arctic Tundra Soil Microcosms.
Environ Sci Technol
April 2023
Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Climate warming is leading to permafrost thaw, which is expected to increase the formation of toxic methylmercury (MeHg) and greenhouse gases such as methane (CH), carbon dioxide (CO), and nitrous oxide (NO).
- A study on Arctic tundra soil showed that varying concentrations of nitrous oxide (NO) inhibited the formation of MeHg, methane production, and sulfate reduction, while slightly increasing carbon dioxide levels.
- The research underscores the intricate relationships within microbial communities that influence MeHg and greenhouse gas emissions from thawing permafrost, paving the way for future studies to better predict these environmental changes.
Critical review on emerging health effects associated with the indoor air quality and its sustainable management.
Sci Total Environ
May 2023
Department of Environmental Studies, Satyawati College, University of Delhi, Delhi 52, India; Department of Environmental Science, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Indoor air quality (IAQ) significantly impacts health, yet many people lack awareness of its pollutants and health effects.
- Common indoor pollutants include VOCs, particulate matter, and various gases that can lead to serious health issues like respiratory infections and cardiovascular disorders.
- The review highlights the sources and toxic mechanisms of these pollutants, particularly affecting vulnerable groups like women and children, and discusses strategies for improving IAQ through sustainable practices and public policies.
The greenhouse gas emission potential and phytotoxicity of biogas slurry in static storage under different temperatures.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
April 2023
School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on the effects of temperature on biogas slurry's nutrient decomposition, greenhouse gas emissions (specifically CH4 and NO), and its impact on crop safety.
- Results indicated that higher temperatures (30 °C) promote faster degradation of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and lead to increased emissions of CH4 and NO, while reducing crop toxicity.
- Conversely, lower temperatures help preserve nitrogen and reduce greenhouse gas emissions but can compromise the stability of organic matter and crop safety, emphasizing the need for careful management of biogas slurry storage conditions.
Nitrate-Nitrite-Nitric Oxide Pathway: A Mechanism of Hypoxia and Anoxia Tolerance in Plants.
Int J Mol Sci
September 2022
Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, China.
Article Synopsis
- * Plants cope with low oxygen through various mechanisms, including fermentation, ROS, and specialized root structures, while compounds like nitrate and nitric oxide can enhance their adaptation.
- * The review discusses the dual role of nitric oxide, highlighting both its protective and harmful effects during oxygen deprivation, emphasizing the need for balance in its production and scavenging to support plant survival.
Indoor Secondary Pollutants Cannot Be Ignored: Third-Hand Smoke.
Toxics
June 2022
Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
Article Synopsis
- * Air pollution, including secondary pollutants like ozone and particulate matter, exacerbates health issues, with third-hand smoke (THS) being a significant indoor pollutant that arises from reactions with nicotine and other substances.
- * The paper reviews research on THS's components, detection, and toxicity, aiming to enhance public awareness and support for smoking bans in indoor and public spaces.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Health in the Countries of the European Union.
Front Public Health
April 2022
Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia.
Article Synopsis
- Clean air is essential for public health, making it a key focus of environmental policies amid globalization concerns about GHG emissions and their effects on climate change.
- The study analyzed the relationship between GHG emissions (like carbon dioxide and methane) and health outcomes in the EU, using various analytical methods to assess disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).
- Findings indicate that reducing carbon dioxide emissions can lead to fewer DALYs, but overall emissions from other combustion products also need to be addressed, with Germany showing the best health outcomes and Luxembourg and Ireland facing higher emissions.
Quantification and control of gaseous emissions from solid waste landfill surfaces.
J Environ Manage
January 2022
Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Ocean Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- * The review explores strategies for quantifying and controlling these emissions, focusing on greenhouse gases and odors from landfills.
- * Effective emission management requires a tailored approach for specific compounds and a comprehensive strategy to reduce overall emissions, which can help improve environmental monitoring and mitigation efforts.
Health impacts of indoor air pollution from household solid fuel on children and women.
J Hazard Mater
August 2021
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China; Consortium on Health, Environment, Education and Research (CHEER), Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Inefficient burning of solid fuels causes high indoor air pollution, resulting in 3.55 million deaths each year, particularly affecting women and children who are more exposed.
- Key pollutants from solid fuels include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and particulate matter, leading to various health issues through mechanisms like oxidative stress and DNA changes.
- Children face increased health risks such as low birth weight and respiratory infections, while women are at higher risk for lung cancer and heart diseases, highlighting a pressing global public health issue that calls for better research and interventions.
HONO Production from Gypsum Surfaces Following Exposure to NO and HNO: Roles of Relative Humidity and Light Source.
Environ Sci Technol
July 2021
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Nitrous acid (HONO) is a harmful indoor pollutant that produces OH radicals, and its generation indoors is influenced by complex photochemical reactions on surfaces like drywall.
- The study reveals that HONO can form from the surface uptake of nitrogen oxides (NO) and hydrogen nitrite (HNO) on gypsum, a common drywall material, under various lighting and humidity conditions.
- Experimentally, it was found that HONO production spikes with increasing humidity up to 70% and is enhanced under specific lighting such as incandescent bulbs, with the reaction largely occurring on the first layer of water on the surface.
Air Pollutant Emission Rates for Dry Anaerobic Digestion and Composting of Organic Municipal Solid Waste.
Environ Sci Technol
December 2020
Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Dry anaerobic digestion (AD) of municipal solid waste, followed by composting, helps produce biogas and improves soil quality while reducing landfill methane emissions.
- However, emissions of other greenhouse gases and pollutants during this process can still pose climate and air quality risks.
- Research shows that composting contributes significantly to methane and other emissions, suggesting that better aeration could help mitigate these issues.
Heavy metal pollution increases CH and decreases CO emissions due to soil microbial changes in a mangrove wetland: Microcosm experiment and field examination.
Chemosphere
April 2021
Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Mangroves help combat global warming by storing blue carbon, but heavy metals in these ecosystems can alter soil microbial communities and their ability to decompose organic matter.
- A study involving field monitoring and experiments showed that heavy metal pollution reduced the diversity of soil microbes, while methanogenic communities remained active despite the pollution.
- Overall, heavy metal presence increased methane emissions (CH) but decreased carbon dioxide emissions (CO), with soil organic carbon playing a role in mitigating these effects on greenhouse gas emissions.
Lowest observed adverse effect level of pulmonary pathological alterations due to nitrous acid exposure in guinea pigs.
Environ Health Prev Med
September 2020
Department of Public Health, Sagami Women's University, Sagamihara, 252-0383, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Continuous exposure to nitrous acid gas (HONO) induced emphysema-like changes and aggravated asthma symptoms in guinea pigs and rats during prior studies.
- In this research, male Hartley guinea pigs were exposed to varying concentrations of HONO for four weeks, with histopathological analysis done on lung samples to determine the lowest observable adverse effect level (LOAEL).
- Results indicated dose-dependent changes, such as emphysema-like alterations and significant increases in lung tissue metrics, suggesting that the LOAEL for HONO exposure is below 0.1 ppm.
Multiheme hydroxylamine oxidoreductases produce NO during ammonia oxidation in methanotrophs.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2020
Department of Microbiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
Functional metal-organic frameworks as effective sensors of gases and volatile compounds.
Chem Soc Rev
September 2020
Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
Article Synopsis
- Developing advanced sensor materials is crucial for monitoring air quality, managing industrial processes, ensuring food safety, and aiding disease diagnosis, focusing on gases and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
- Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising materials for gas detection due to their large surface area, tunable pore sizes, and various interesting properties like conductivity and magnetism.
- This review emphasizes recent advancements in MOF-based sensors, covering their interactions with different analytes and outlining their effectiveness in detecting various gases, while highlighting the need for comprehensive studies on sensing mechanisms.
Effects of warming and elevated O concentrations on NO emission and soil nitrification and denitrification rates in a wheat-soybean rotation cropland.
Environ Pollut
February 2020
Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
Article Synopsis
- A field experiment was conducted to examine how warming (+2 °C) and elevated ozone (100 ppb) levels impact nitrous oxide (NO) emissions from wheat-soybean rotation cropland over two years.
- The study found that warming increased NO emissions from winter wheat due to higher nitrification rates, while elevated ozone decreased emissions from soybean fields by lowering nitrification.
- When both warming and elevated ozone were combined, they further inhibited NO emissions from soybeans but increased soil nitrification rates, indicating that climate change factors will significantly influence nitrogen emissions from these agricultural systems.
Effects of microplastics on greenhouse gas emissions and the microbial community in fertilized soil.
Environ Pollut
January 2020
Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Article Synopsis
- * A 5% concentration of MPs did not significantly alter soil dissolved organic carbon but accelerated the formation of certain aromatic compounds; they also reduced initial NO emissions, potentially by affecting specific microbial groups.
- * The presence of MPs varied in impact depending on their size, with larger MPs initially increasing bacterial diversity before later decreasing it, while smaller MPs tended to enhance both fungal and bacterial community richness during the experiment.
Fast response paper based visual color change gas sensor for efficient ammonia detection at room temperature.
Sci Rep
November 2018
Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Sciences, S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sec-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700106, India.
Article Synopsis
- A new, affordable, disposable paper sensor made with perovskite halide CHNHPbI (MAPI) can visually detect toxic ammonia gas (NH) by changing color from black to yellow.
- It effectively senses ammonia at concentrations as low as 10 ppm with a fast response time, especially quicker at higher concentrations (above 20 ppm), and works in both open and closed environments.
- The sensor is moisture-resistant up to 90% humidity and does not react with other gases like methane or carbon dioxide, with its color change mechanism linked to the transformation of MAPI to PbI upon exposure to ammonia.