240,816 results match your criteria: "Toxicity Hydrocarbons"

Cannabigerol Mitigates Haloperidol-Induced Vacuous Chewing Movements in Mice.

Neurotox Res

December 2024

Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.

Chronic use of typical antipsychotics can lead to varying motor effects depending on the timing of analysis. Acute treatment typically induces hypokinesia, resembling parkinsonism, while repeated use can result in tardive dyskinesia, a hyperkinetic syndrome marked by involuntary orofacial movements, such as vacuous chewing movements in mice. Tardive dyskinesia is particularly concerning due to its potential irreversibility and associated motor discomfort.

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Total concentrations, toxicity, and health risks of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in street dust from Warsaw (Poland) in 6 granulometric fractions were investigated. Street dust was collected from 149 sampling points distributed among Area 1 (central districts, left bank of the Vistula River, mostly traffic-related pollution) and Area 2&3 (suburb area, mostly residential, right bank of the river). Street dust was investigated before ("all") and after separating into 5 size-dependent samples: (1-0.

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Background: The increasing industrialization and hydrocarbon use have led to concerning soil contamination. Oil spills and improper disposal of oily waste pose threats to ecosystems and human health. The recovery of these environments is essential, but separating oily components from soil remains challenging.

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The growing use of artificial turf in place of natural turf in residential, recreational and commercial settings has raised concerns regarding its potential impact on human health. A systematic review of databases revealed 5673 articles of which, 30 were deemed eligible. Those performing total concentration analyses, bioaccessibility analyses or human health risk assessments (HHRAs) of artificial turf fibres or crumb rubber infill were of interest.

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Background: Busulfan is the most commonly used drug for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and pretreatment for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which can damage the reproductive and immune system. However, little is known about the protein expression profiling in busulfan treated testis.

Methods: This research studies the proteomics for busulfan-induced spermatogenesis disorder.

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Metabolic targeting of regulatory T cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma: new horizons in immunotherapy.

Mol Cancer

December 2024

Department of Dental Materials, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110002, Liaoning, China.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent oral malignancy, which poses significant health risks with a high mortality rate. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), characterized by their immunosuppressive capabilities, are intricately linked to OSCC progression and patient outcomes. The metabolic reprogramming of Tregs within the OSCC tumor microenvironment (TME) underpins their function, with key pathways such as the tryptophan-kynurenine-aryl hydrocarbon receptor, PI3K-Akt-mTOR and nucleotide metabolism significantly contributing to their suppressive activities.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study examines how impaired liver function affects the toxicity of the anticancer drug paclitaxel, specifically focusing on hematological complications, dose modifications, and overall survival rates in cancer patients.
  • It analyzes data from 569 patients treated at the University Medical Centre Utrecht between 2011 and 2022, comparing those with normal and impaired liver function based on specific medical criteria.
  • Results show that patients with liver impairment experienced significantly higher risks of severe neutropenia and leukopenia, required more dose modifications, and had poorer overall survival in cases of inoperable esophageal and advanced ovarian cancers.
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Glabridin exhibits potent inhibitory effects against Toxoplasma gondii in vitro and in vivo.

Parasit Vectors

December 2024

Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi Province, 030801, People's Republic of China.

Article Synopsis
  • Toxoplasma gondii is a common parasite in warm-blooded animals and humans, with current treatments like pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine having significant limitations, prompting a search for safer, more effective options.
  • This study focused on glabridin, a natural compound from a medicinal plant, finding it to be low in toxicity while effectively inhibiting T. gondii growth and altering its structure.
  • The results showed that glabridin improved survival rates in infected mice and affected T. gondii's metabolism, suggesting a promising new treatment avenue for this parasite.
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A critical review on the symbiotic effect of bacteria and microalgae on treatment of sewage with biofertilizer production.

J Environ Manage

December 2024

Laboratory of Bioremediation and Metagenomics Research (LBMR), Department of Environmental Microbiology (DEM), Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226 025, Uttar Pradesh, India. Electronic address:

Wastes like sewage, kitchen and industrial are the major sources of environmental pollution and health hazards. Sewage contains 99.9% water and 0.

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The concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediments were investigated in the southern Caspian Sea. The results revealed that the total PAHs in sediments varied from 6.53 to 170.

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Novel insights into PAHs accumulation and multi-method characterization of interaction between groundwater and surface water in middle Yangtze River: Hydrochemistry, isotope hydrology and fractionation effect.

Sci Total Environ

December 2024

Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.

To meet the challenge of water quality protection and management in the middle Yangtze River and understand the accumulation mechanism of PAHs in aquatic complexity systems, caused by hydro-chemical changes, anthropogenic and geological activities, and intensive surface water-groundwater interaction, a comprehensive study is urgently needed. The study investigated the pollution levels, potential sources, accumulation mechanism, and groundwater- surface water interaction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in wet and dry seasons of the middle Yangtze River. There was no significant difference of PAHs accumulation between wet and dry seasons of the middle Yangtze River.

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Purpose: The NCI-MATCH trial assigned patients with solid tumors, lymphomas, or multiple myeloma to targeted therapies on the basis of identified genetic alterations from tumor biopsies. In preclinical models, ()-inactivated tumors display sensitivity to focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibition. The EAY131-U subprotocol evaluated the efficacy of defactinib, a FAK inhibitor, in patients with -altered tumors.

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The present study investigates the neuroprotective effects of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus gonadal extract on rotenone-induced neurotoxicity in a Parkinson's disease (PD) rat model. Parkinson's disease, characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN), is exacerbated by oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. The study involved fifty Wistar rats divided into five groups: control, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) control, Paracentrotus lividus gonadal extract-treated, rotenone-treated, and combined rotenone with Paracentrotus lividus gonadal extract-treated.

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This study aimed to characterize two types of postbiotics from Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 prepared in De Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS-Pb) and UF cheese whey (W-Pb). We compared the chemical compositions, functional properties, and toxicities of the prepared probiotics. Assessments included antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, total and individual phenolic compounds, volatile compounds, individual free amino acids, and organic acid contents.

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To explore an alternative strategy to chemotherapy to combat oral cancer, natural products and their derivates constitute one promising approach. In the last previous study, we have demonstrated the potential anti-tumor properties of anethole; an aromatic compound abundantly present in nature that serves as a major active ingredient found in plants like anise and fennel. In the current study, we aimed to investigate how this molecule inhibits oral cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis.

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The widespread presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and toxic heavy metals in soils is having harmful effects on food crops and the environment. However, the defense mechanisms and capacity of plants to counteract these substances have not been comprehensively explored, necessitating a systematic categorization of their inhibitory effects. Accordingly, an experimental investigation was conducted to examine the growth and physiological response of maize ( L.

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Liquid mosquito repellent induces toxic effects in zebrafish.

Drug Chem Toxicol

December 2024

Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India.

Mosquitoes serve as vectors for life-threatening parasitic diseases, presenting a continuous threat throughout human history. This has resulted in the extensive utilization of various mosquito repellents, including liquid mosquito repellents (LMRs), roll-ons, and topical creams. While these products demonstrate significant efficacy, the toxicological implications associated with their use are not yet fully understood and continue to be a subject of debate.

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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2α Promotes Liver Fibrosis by Inducing Hepatocellular Death.

Int J Mol Sci

December 2024

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.

The activation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF)-1α and 2α in the liver is closely linked to the progression of fatty liver diseases. Prior studies indicated that disrupting hepatocyte HIF-2α attenuates diet-induced hepatic steatosis, subsequently decreasing fibrosis. However, the direct role of hepatocyte HIF-2α in liver fibrosis has not been addressed.

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Local anesthetics are commonly used in ophthalmic surgery. However, their use can affect the healing process. This study aimed to investigate the potential impact of anesthetic substances at clinically relevant concentrations and incubation times (3 min), specifically oxybuprocaine (OBPC, 0.

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Atrazine is an endocrine-disrupting herbicide, with exposure impacting adverse outcomes along multiple endocrine pathways. This study investigated the neuroendocrine system as the central target of atrazine toxicity, examining effects of early developmental exposures on neurohormones and genes associated with kisspeptin, hypothalamic, pituitary, and dopamine systems. Zebrafish were exposed to 0, 0.

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Tetramethyl Cucurbit[6]uril-Porphyrin Supramolecular Polymer Enhances Photosensitization.

Int J Mol Sci

December 2024

School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Medical Humanities, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China.

Porphyrins serve as photosensitizers (PS) in the realm of cancer photodynamic therapy (PDT). Upon excitation by laser light, porphyrins are capable of converting molecular oxygen into highly cytotoxic singlet oxygen (O). However, the rigid π-conjugated structure of porphyrins frequently results in the formation of aggregates in aqueous solutions, which leads to the self-quenching of the excited state.

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Alkylphenols are byproducts of anthropogenic activities that widely contaminate waters, soils and air; among them, the most represented are 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) and 4-octylphenol (4-OP). These compounds tend to bioaccumulate in animal and plant tissues and also represent a risk to human health. Indeed, humans are constantly exposed to alkylphenols through ingestion of contaminated water and food, inhalation and dermal absorption.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder involving demyelination. The cuprizone model is commonly used to study MS by inducing oligodendrocyte stress and demyelination. The subventricular zone (SVZ) plays a key role in neurogenesis, while the neuronal/glial antigen 2 (NG2) is a marker for immature glial cells, involved in oligodendrocyte differentiation.

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Changes in Gene Expression Related to Atopic Dermatitis in Mothers and Infants Following VOC Exposure.

Int J Mol Sci

November 2024

Department of Medicinal and Life Sciences, Hanyang University, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.

Environmental pollutants, particularly volatile organic compounds (VOCs), are associated with various diseases, including atopic dermatitis (AD). However, despite numerous studies on AD, there is a lack of research on the impact of various environmental exposures on mothers and infants. This study, therefore, investigated the effects of maternal exposure to specific VOCs (toluene, xylene, and benzene) on the expression of AD-related genes in mothers and their infants.

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Effects of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Microplastic Particles on Gut Microbiota Composition and Health Status in Rabbit Livestock.

Int J Mol Sci

November 2024

Agribiotechnology and Precision Breeding for Food Security National Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Applied Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary.

The widespread use of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and its entry into humans and livestock is of serious concern. In our study, we investigated the impact of PVC treatments on physiological, pathological, hormonal, and microbiota changes in female rabbits. Trend-like alterations in weight were observed in the spleen, liver, and kidney in both low (P1) and high dose (P2) PVC treatment groups.

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