4,575 results match your criteria: "Toxicity Cyanide"
Amygdalin in antineoplastic medicine and the relevance of nanotechnology.
Biomed Pharmacother
December 2024
Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar. Electronic address:
Amygdalin is a plant-based cyanogenic glycoside that has been the subject of both scientific interest and controversy for decades. Traditionally used in alternative medicine for its diverse biological activities, including anticancer, where amygdalin has been explored in complementary therapy. However, clinical utilization of amygdalin remains contentious due to concerns about its safety, primarily the release of hydrogen cyanide during its metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMembrane-Bound Bisindolyl-Based Chromogenic Probes: Analysis of Cyanogenic Glycosides in Agricultural Crops for Possible Remediation.
ACS Appl Bio Mater
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India.
Cyanogenic glycosides are plant-derived, nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites that release toxic cyanide ions upon hydrolysis by glycosidic enzymes. Therefore, consuming food items enriched with such compounds without proper remediation can cause acute cyanide intoxication. Thus, in this work, we utilize cyanide-responsive oxidized bisindole-based chromogenic probes to detect cyanogenic glycosides, such as amygdalin and linamarin (LOD: 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMechanisms underlying the effects of cyanogenesis on development and reproduction of Tetranychus urticae: Insights from enzyme activity and gene expression aspects.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
December 2024
Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; Sanya Research Academy, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science, Sanya 572000, China. Electronic address:
Cyanogenic plants can release toxic hydrogen cyanide (HCN) to defend against herbivory by hydrolyzing the cyanogenic glycosides (CNGs) with its β-glucosidases (β-GLUs). Numerous studies have speculated this CNG-mediated toxicity by a plant-pest interaction manner. However, the specific toxic effect of HCN was not well-demonstrated because of the interference of other ingested metabolites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCyanide content, nutrient composition, physicochemical properties and sensory quality of flaxseed oil bodies prepared from flaxseeds (Linum usitatissimum L.) treated with different heat treatment methods.
Food Res Int
November 2024
SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Key Laboratory for Marine Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Flaxseeds were treated with steaming, roasting, and microwave methods to assess their effects on oil bodies and cyanide content.
- All heat treatments significantly reduced toxic cyanide levels, with variations in yield rates, nutritional composition, and sensory characteristics.
- Microwave treatment at 560 W for under 3 minutes proved to be the most effective, yielding oil bodies with better quality, such as higher polyunsaturated fatty acids and lower lipid oxidation.
eCyanation Using 5-Aminotetrazole As a Safer Electrophilic and Nucleophilic Cyanide Source.
JACS Au
November 2024
School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Chatham, Kent ME4 4TB, United Kingdom.
Article Synopsis
- A new electrochemical method is introduced for safer cyanation reactions using 5-aminotetrazole as a cyanide source, avoiding toxic cyanide salts.
- This method successfully generates both electrophilic and nucleophilic cyanide sources and allows for the synthesis of various compounds like cyanamides, heterocycles, and aromatic nitriles.
- The process has been adapted for flow electrosynthesis, showcasing its scalability and potential for large-scale use.*
New insight into the molecular etiopathogenesis of konzo: Cyanate could be a plausible neurotoxin contributing to konzo, contrary to thiocyanate.
Neurotoxicology
December 2024
Université Catholique de Bukavu (UCB), Center for Tropical Diseases and Global Health (CTDGH), Bukavu, Democratic Republic Congo; University of Fribourg, Faculty of Science and Medicine, Department of Neuroscience and Movement Science, Fribourg, Switzerland.
Introduction: Chronic cassava-derived cyanide poisoning is associated with the appearance of konzo, a tropical spastic paraparesis due to selective upper motor neuron damage. Whether the disease is caused by a direct action of cyanide or its metabolites is still an open question. This preliminary study assessed the neurotoxic effects of thiocyanate (SCN) and cyanate (OCN), two cyanide metabolites hypothesized to be plausible toxic agents in konzo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCyanide and Cyanogenic Compounds-Toxicity, Molecular Targets, and Therapeutic Agents.
Biomolecules
November 2024
Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, N-2381 Brumunddal, Norway.
Article Synopsis
- - Cyanide (CN) is a toxic compound that affects mitochondrial function, leading to potential poisoning from both short-term and long-term exposure to various CN compounds.
- - Recent research has improved understanding of how CN interacts with copper and iron in mitochondria, disrupting the electron transport chain and causing toxic effects.
- - Antidotes work by targeting CN's affinity for metal-containing substances, and further studies on its interactions with metalloproteins could enhance treatment methods for CN poisoning.
Functional profiling of the rhizospheric Exiguobacterium sp. for dimethoate degradation, PGPR activity, biofilm development, and ecotoxicological risk.
Sci Rep
November 2024
School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers discovered an indigenous bacterial strain, Exiguobacterium sp. (L.O), from sugarcane fields in Tamil Nadu that can break down dimethoate, a pesticide, achieving a 95.87% degradation rate within 5 days.
- The strain utilized dimethoate as its only carbon source and released less toxic by-products, confirmed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and FTIR analyses, indicating a clear metabolic breakdown pathway.
- In addition to its pesticide-degrading abilities, Exiguobacterium sp. (L.O) promotes plant growth by producing beneficial compounds, making it a promising candidate for sustainable agricultural practices and bioremediation efforts.
Mandelonitrile produced by commensal bacteria protects the Colorado potato beetle against predation.
Nat Commun
November 2024
Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China/State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Article Synopsis
- The Colorado potato beetle, a major pest, uses bright colors to signal its toxicity to predators, which comes from toxic compounds that are still being studied.
- Research reveals that the beetle’s toxic hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is produced from mandelonitrile and other compounds by a gut bacterium called Proteus vulgaris Ld01, which also synthesizes these compounds through genes.
- Eliminating this bacterium from the beetle reduces HCN emission and makes them more appealing to predators, as shown in experiments where chickens preferred eating bacteria-deprived larvae over others, demonstrating the importance of gut bacteria in the beetle's defense strategy.
Mobility assessment of potentially toxic elements contained in flotation and cyanidation tailings dam from gold mine located in Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc
November 2024
Centro de Tecnologia Mineral (CETEM), Av. Pedro Calmon 900, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-908 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- * It evaluated how different extractants affect the release of harmful elements like As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, Se, and Zn from the tailings, compared against Brazilian safety standards (ABNT NBR 10004:2004).
- * Test results showed that lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) levels frequently exceeded safe limits, particularly in ft samples with various acids and in ct samples with most extractors, raising significant environmental concerns.
Allelopathic effects of sorghum/sorghum-sudangrass hybrids against .
Plant Dis
November 2024
University of Hawaii, Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, 3050 Maile Way #310, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States, 96822;
Article Synopsis
- * Various SSgH varieties were tested for their ability to suppress the nematode R. reniformis and to measure their dhurrin levels over a 3-month period.
- * Results showed that certain SSgH varieties, especially 'NX-D-61' and 'Latte', had high dhurrin concentrations and effective nematode suppression, suggesting these can be useful in agricultural pest management if used as cover crops for up to
In situ observation of mitochondrial viscosity in liver of mice with drug-induced liver injury by near-infrared fluorescence imaging.
Talanta
March 2025
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Yellow River Basin Pharmaceutical Green Manufacturing and Engineering Equipment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has emerged as among of the undesirable drug effects, posing significant threats to human health. However, in clinical practice, there remains a shortage of dependable and pre-diagnosis tools for DILI. Numerous studies indicated that the elevated intrahepatic viscosity levels were closely linked to the onset and progression of DILI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAldoxime dehydratases: production, immobilization, and use in multistep processes.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
November 2024
Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria.
Article Synopsis
- The synthesis of nitriles is crucial in organic chemistry, but traditional methods often involve toxic reagents and harsh conditions.
- Enzymes like aldoxime dehydratases (Oxds) offer safer alternatives, with recent research highlighting their potential and the limited number of Oxds studied in detail.
- This review discusses the overexpression, purification, and application of Oxds, and evaluates their industrial prospects compared to other nitrile synthesis innovations.
Phytotoxicity of Prussian blue nanoparticles to rice and the related defence mechanisms: In vivo observations and physiological and biochemical analysis.
Chemosphere
November 2024
School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the effects of Prussian blue nanoparticles (PB NPs) on rice plants, revealing their phytotoxic impact on growth, particularly decreasing plant height and biomass.
- PB NPs were found to be taken up by the roots, transported to the shoots, but mostly retained in the roots, where they triggered structural remodeling in root cell walls to block further uptake.
- The research uncovers that PB NPs stimulate specific defense mechanisms in plants, like enhancing pectin methylesterase activity and forming a protective Si-hemicellulose complex, which suggests new strategies for plants to counteract nanoparticle stress.
A fatal case of potassium gold cyanide poisoning.
J Forensic Sci
November 2024
National Forensic Service, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
Article Synopsis
- * Forensic tests revealed the presence of potassium, gold, and cyanide in the powder, with cyanide levels found to be non-lethal in blood but significantly higher in gastric contents.
- * The combined effects of gold and cyanide toxicity contributed to the man’s death, as both substances enhance each other's harmful effects on the body.
A hybrid system based on the combination of adsorption, electrocoagulation, and wetland treatment for the effective remediation of industrial wastewater from underground coal gasification (UCG).
J Environ Manage
December 2024
Central Mining Institute - National Research Institute GIG-PIB, Department of Energy Saving and Air Protection, Plac Gwarków 1, 40-166, Katowice, Poland.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated the treatment of underground coal gasification (UCG) wastewater using constructed wetlands (CWs) enhanced with hybrid adsorption and electrocoagulation (EC) methods across four system configurations over a 60-day period.
- Results showed that systems incorporating electrocoagulation were particularly effective in removing metals (e.g., Fe and Ni) and achieving near-complete removal of phenols, BTEX, and cyanides, while CWs without EC were efficient in BTEX removal after just 14 days.
- Despite significant reductions in toxicity (up to 90%) and pollutants, the treated wastewater remained toxic due to the presence of degradation intermediates from organic compounds.
Copper peroxide-decorated Prussian blue for effective bacterial elimination via photothermal-enhanced and HO-releasing chemodynamic therapy.
J Control Release
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Material Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- * A novel nanoplatform (PC) combining photothermal and chemodynamic therapies was created using Prussian blue (PB) and copper peroxide (CP) to target infections effectively.
- * The PC exhibited strong bactericidal effects against common bacteria (E. coli and S. aureus), improved wound healing in vivo, and showed promise as a safe, antibiotic-free treatment option.
Analysis on pollutants removal and sludge characteristics of a novel two-phase anaerobic/aerobic/integrated deoxygenated and anoxic reactor associated with membrane process for treating pesticide wastewater.
Sci Total Environ
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Reactor, Dalian 116600, China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, China.
Article Synopsis
- The study compares two wastewater treatment processes: the traditional anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic (A/A/O) method and a novel two-phase anaerobic/aerobic system integrated with a membrane process (P1) for treating pesticide wastewater.
- Results showed that the new P1 process significantly outperformed the improved A/A/O process (P2), achieving a 67.1% reduction in effluent ethylene thiourea (ETU) levels and a much lower average cyanide concentration (0.40 mg/L compared to 6.67 mg/L in P2).
- Additionally, P1 demonstrated superior removal efficiencies for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total
Effects of SNP, MgSO, and MgO-NPs foliar application on Spinacia oleracea L. growth and physio-biochemical responses under cadmium stress.
Sci Rep
November 2024
Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Article Synopsis
- * Both spinach varieties experienced similar negative effects from Cd exposure, which included reduced growth and physiological functions, while biochemical markers like malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide levels increased.
- * Foliar treatments enhanced growth and gas exchange metrics and mitigated the negative biochemical effects of Cd; Desi Palak responded best to MgO-NPs, whereas Lahori Palak thrived under the combined SNP and MgO-NP treatment, suggesting potential remedies for heavy metal stress
Miniaturized dual-wavelength β-correction spectrophotometric probe for sensitive detection of cyanide in water via formation of cyano dithizone adduct.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
February 2025
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta, Damietta, Egypt. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Cyanide in water poses serious health and environmental risks, prompting the creation of a low-cost, sensitive probe for detection using direct dual wave β-correction spectrophotometry.
- The probe uses the reaction between cyanide ions and dithizone at pH 6.8-7.2 to create a red adduct, which can be accurately measured at a specific wavelength (480 nm) for precise detection.
- The method shows improved detection limits and reproducibility compared to conventional techniques, validating its effectiveness in real water samples with a high recovery rate of 99.2%.
Bioremediation of metal cyanide complexes from electroplating wastewater for long-term application using SUTS 1 and SUTS 2.
3 Biotech
November 2024
School of Environmental Health, Institute of Public Health, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Sub District Suranaree, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000 Thailand.
Article Synopsis
- This study aimed to find the best conditions for using bioreactor systems to treat industrial wastewater containing metal cyanide, focusing on aerobic and anoxic environments.
- Initial findings showed that bacteria performed better in aerobic conditions, leading to a 30-day long-term study where high removal rates of cyanide and metals were observed, especially in the first week.
- Overall, the research demonstrated that the right aeration and carbon sources boosted bacterial efficiency, with cyanide being removed more effectively than other metals, indicating that the bacteria could withstand heavy metal toxicity.
A Review of Recent Advances in Chromatographic Quantification Methods for Cyanogenic Glycosides.
Molecules
October 2024
College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 225300, China.
Article Synopsis
- Cyanogenic glycosides are plant compounds that can produce toxic hydrogen cyanide, making their quantification important for assessing health risks from consumption.
- The review focuses on recent advancements in liquid chromatography techniques for measuring these compounds, including new stationary phases and mass spectrometry integration.
- It also addresses challenges like developing reliable reference standards and improving sample preparation, while emphasizing the need for quality control in various areas such as food safety and environmental monitoring.
Cyanide Medical Countermeasure Development: Assessing the Efficacy of Intramuscular Sodium Tetrathionate for the Treatment of Acute, Severe Cyanide Toxicity in Swine (Sus scrofa).
J Med Toxicol
October 2024
59th Medical Wing, Clinical Resuscitation, Emergency Science, Triage and Toxicology (CRESTT), Lackland AFB, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates the effectiveness of sodium tetrathionate as an antidote for acute oral cyanide poisoning, focusing on its potential for fast, low-volume intramuscular administration.
- In a trial with swine, the treatment group that received sodium tetrathionate showed 100% survival, while the control group with no treatment had 0% survival.
- The study concludes that intramuscular sodium tetrathionate significantly enhances survival rates in cases of cyanide poisoning, indicated by decreased lactate levels in treated animals.
Acute Cyanide Toxicity and Emergency Management in a Goldsmith: A Case Report.
Cureus
August 2024
Internal Medicine, KIMS (Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences) Sunshine Superspeciality Hospital, Hyderabad, IND.
Article Synopsis
- Acute cyanide toxicity, while rare, often leads to fatal consequences, as seen in a 43-year-old male jewelry factory worker who experienced it.
- The patient was successfully treated using a specific antidote kit that included amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite, and sodium thiosulfate, along with supportive care.
- The case highlights the importance of understanding the patient's profession for potential cyanide exposure, the seriousness of the condition at the time of presentation, and the challenges in obtaining the antidote.