5,533 results match your criteria: "Toxicity Anticholinergic"
BMC Plant Biol
March 2024
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
Most vegetable crops are severely affected by the uptake of heavy metals from the soil. Heavy metals in vegetable bodies generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that unbalance the antioxidant defense system. This study was initiated to determine the physiological and biochemical characteristics of spinach plants grown on soil contaminated with heavy metals and responding to Bacillus cereus and Bacillus aerius were isolated from soil contaminated with heavy metals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Toxicol (Phila)
March 2024
New South Wales Poisons Information Centre, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Australia.
Introduction: Orphenadrine overdoses can cause antimuscarinic toxicity, respiratory failure, refractory seizures and cardiotoxicity. The dose-toxicity relationship is poorly defined. Orphenadrine is marketed as immediate and sustained release formulations, and it is not known how the formulation impacts on toxicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
March 2024
Experimental Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine D, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
Cisplatin (CDDP) stands out as an effective chemotherapeutic agent; however, its application is linked to the development of significant adverse effects, notably nephro- and ototoxicity. The human organic cation transporter 2 (hOCT2), found in abundance in the basolateral membrane domain of renal proximal tubules and the Corti organ, plays a crucial role in the initiation of nephro- and ototoxicity associated with CDDP by facilitating its uptake in kidney and ear cells. Given its limited presence in cancer cells, hOCT2 emerges as a potential druggable target for mitigating unwanted toxicities associated with CDDP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem Toxicol
April 2024
Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Tropane alkaloids (TA) are natural toxins found in certain plants, including cereals, of which atropine and scopolamine are the main species of concern due to their acute toxicity. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of TA in cereal foods and assess the potential health risks associated with their consumption in Korea. TA levels were analyzed in 80 raw and 71 processed cereal samples, which were distributed throughout Korea in 2021, using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Toxicol (Phila)
February 2024
Clinical Toxicology Unit, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.
Introduction: Anticholinergic agents are commonly taken in overdose, often causing delirium. The spectrum of anticholinergic delirium ranges from mild agitation to severe behavioural disturbance. Physostigmine is an effective treatment for anticholinergic delirium, but its availability is limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pharm Biomed Anal
June 2024
Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt.
Atropine (ATR) intoxication is a recurrent case in emergency departments. The diagnosis is dependent on clinical evaluation and is supported by analytical assessment. The assay is limited by the rapid degradation/metabolism of ATR into TRP as well as the preanalytical factors impairing correct detection and diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxicol Lett
April 2024
Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Medical Toxicology Research Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense (USAMRICD), Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, USA. Electronic address:
The Göttingen minipig is fast becoming the standard for assessing dermal chemical hazards because, like most swine, its skin is predictive of human skin response and because this strain's smaller size makes laboratory manipulations and husbandry easier. Unfortunately, standard behavioral tests and apparatus have not been developed for behavioral assessments of this swine strain. Indeed, computer-controlled automated behavioral testing procedures are much needed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhysiol Behav
April 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Electronic address:
Quercetin (QCT) is well-known as a neuroprotective agent due to its antioxidant capacities and reinstating mitochondrial functions. Scopolamine is commonly used as a model to induce Alzheimer's disease (AD-like) symptoms. The current study develops QCT-loaded nanoemulsion (QCT-NE) accompanied by evaluating its neuro-therapeutic effectiveness against SCO-induced neurotoxicity in male rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Chem
April 2024
State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
This study aimed to develop novel rapid-acting antidepressants with sustained efficacy and favorable safety profiles. We designed and synthesized a series of fluorine-containing scopolamine analogues and evaluated their antidepressant potential. cytotoxicity assays showed that most of these compounds exhibited minimal toxicity against neuronal and non-neuronal mammalian cell lines (IC > 100 μM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAging (Albany NY)
January 2024
State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China.
Merr. (Evodia lepta) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, which has been widely used in herbal tea. We previously reported that the coumarin compounds from the root of Evodia lepta exhibited neuroprotective effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Toxicol
September 2024
Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Introduction: Physostigmine fell out of widespread use in the 1980s due to safety concerns; however, more recent research has demonstrated that its safety profile is better than previously thought. These studies have mainly included adults. We theorized that improved safety data may lead to more acceptance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
December 2023
Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.
Dry eye disease is a common condition in patients of all ages, causing discomfort and potential visual problems. Current treatments, including artificial tears and anti-inflammatory drugs, have certain limitations, encouraging research into alternative therapies. We investigated the therapeutic potential of multi-wavelength light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation of mice with dry eye.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pediatr Pharmacol Ther
October 2023
Department of Pharmacy (MR), Children's Minnesota, Emergency Department (MK), Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
Included on the World Health Organization Model Lists of Essential Medicines, atropine remains a cornerstone medication that is used for a myriad of clinical indications. Systemically, atropine carries indications for the treatment of asymptomatic and symptomatic bradycardia, reduction of salivation and bronchial secretions prior to surgery, and as an antidote for a variety of poisoning agents (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Neuroanat
March 2024
Public Experimental Research Center, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China. Electronic address:
Indian Pediatr
December 2023
Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan.
Toxicol Lett
January 2024
Chemical, Biological and Radiological Division, Dstl Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, UK.
The bispyridinium oxime HI-6 DMS is in development as an improved therapy for the treatment of patients exposed to organophosphorus nerve agents. The aim of the work described in this paper was to provide non-clinical data to support regulatory approval of HI-6 DMS, by demonstrating efficacy against an oxime-sensitive agent, GB and an oxime-resistant agent, GD. We investigated the dose-dependent protection afforded by therapy including atropine, avizafone and HI-6 DMS in guinea-pigs challenged with GB or GD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biochem Mol Toxicol
January 2024
Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China.
Urinary tract infection (UTI) mainly results from bacterial infections in the urinary tract and markedly impacts the normal lives of millions of patients worldwide. The infection and damage to urethral epithelial cells is the first and key step of UTI development and is a critical target for treating clinical UTI. Oxybutynin, an agent for treating urinary incontinence, is recently claimed with protective effects on bladder ultrastructure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
November 2023
Department of Physiology, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1, Mukogawa-Cho, Nishinomiya-Shi, Hyogo-Ken, 663-8501, Japan.
Organophosphorus poisoning kills individuals by causing central apnea; however, the underlying cause of death remains unclear. Following findings that the pre-Bötzinger complex impairment alone does not account for central apnea, we analyzed the effect of paraoxon on the brainstem-spinal cord preparation, spanning the lower medulla oblongata to phrenic nucleus. Respiratory bursts were recorded by connecting electrodes to the ventral 4th cervical nerve root of excised brainstem-spinal cord preparations obtained from 6-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurotox Res
December 2023
Xi'an Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganism and Tumor Immunity, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
Dysfunction in the cholinergic system and oxidative stress are closely related and play roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Scopolamine (Scop), which is commonly used to induce cholinergic system damage in cells and animals, also evokes oxidative stress. Our previous study indicated that the peptide (m) RVD-hemopressin (RVD) reversed the memory-impairing effect of Scop in mice by activating cannabinoid receptor 1 (CBR1), but the mechanism was unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Case Rep
November 2023
Department of Critical Care Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
BACKGROUND Methylene blue has multiple uses in medicine. It is generally used to treat refractory vasoplegia and methemoglobin toxicity, and can be used as a dye to localize the parathyroid glands intra-operatively. In refractory vasoplegia, methylene blue inhibits endothelial nitric oxide and guanylate cyclase, causing vasoconstriction and potentially stabilizing blood pressure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biochem Mol Toxicol
January 2024
Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the major devastating neurodegenerative disorders associated with the gradual decline of an individual's memory, cognition, and ability to carry out day-to-day activities. In the present study, the neuroprotective ability of α-bisabolol β-d-fucopyranoside (ABFP) was assessed via measurement of antioxidant parameters like lipid peroxidation, glutathione peroxidation, glutathione, protein carbonyl content assays, and caspase-3 activity estimation. Moreover, the acute toxicity of ABFP was estimated in the zebrafish larval model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Int Med Res
October 2023
Division of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Acute Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Drug overdose can lead to a range of symptoms, including potentially life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. However, identifying the specific causative drug upon admission can be challenging in many cases. The toxidrome approach is a method that utilizes toxidromes, which are collections of findings obtained from physical examination and ancillary tests, that may be caused by a specific toxin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochem Pharmacol
November 2023
The First School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China; Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310006, China; Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China. Electronic address:
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) represent chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders characterized by a complex and underexplored pathogenic mechanism. Previous research has revealed that IBD patients often have a deficiency of choline and its metabolites, including acetylcholine (ACh) and phosphatidylcholine (PC), within the colon. However, a comprehensive study linking these three substances and their mechanistic implications in IBD remains lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Emerg Med
October 2023
Department of Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medicine Residency Program, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.