Towards the standardization of Hydra vulgaris bioassay for toxicity assessments of liquid samples.

The Hydra vulgaris bioassay is recognized as sensitive invertebrate test species for toxicity assessment of real-life environmental mixtures for enforcement and monitoring investigations. The purpose of this study was to characterize the intra-laboratory variability, study the influence of environmental variables (temperature, luminosity, inter-individual and day of analysis) on ZnSO toxicity, a reference model toxicant for hydra. The sublethal (effect concentration for 50 % of hydra-EC50) and lethal (lethal concentration for 50 % of hydra-LC50) were determined based on characteristic morphological changes for this species.

Prospective life cycle assessment of cost-effective pathways for achieving the FuelEU Maritime Regulation targets.

To reduce environmental impacts from the shipping industry, the FuelEU Maritime Regulation has set a binding 80 % reduction target for well-to-wake (WTW) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050. This article presents a prospective life cycle assessment (LCA) comparing the environmental impacts of e-ammonia, e-methanol, e-Fischer Tropsch (FT) diesel, and e-liquefied natural gas (LNG)-for maritime applications in Europe. In addition to e-fuels, traditional propulsion technologies using very low sulfur fuel oil (VLSFO) and LNG are assessed, both with and without integrating ship-based carbon capture (SBCC) systems.

Bioaugmentation strategies in co-composting anaerobically digested food waste with agricultural by-products: Enhancing fertilizer quality and microbial communities.

Effective management of urban solid waste is critical for achieving sustainable development goals. One key aspect of this challenge is the recycling of anaerobically digested residues from anaerobic digestion of food waste, which plays a pivotal role in promoting sustainability. However, there is a gap in understanding the feasibility and effectiveness of converting these digested residues into valuable fertilizers through composting.

synthesis of semiconductor nanoparticles in for light-driven ammonia production.

Ammonia (NH) is an important commodity chemical used as an agricultural fertilizer and hydrogen-storage material. There has recently been much interest in developing an environmentally benign process for NH synthesis. Here, we report enhanced production of ammonia from diazotrophs under light irradiation using hybrid composites of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) and bacterial cells.

Comprehensive Assessment of Cannabidiol and HU308 in Acute and Chronic Colitis Models: Efficacy, Safety, and Mechanistic Innovations.

Cannabinoids are emerging as promising treatments for inflammatory diseases such as ulcerative colitis. Specifically, cannabinoid 2 (CB2) receptors, which are upregulated during inflammation, have been distinctively linked to anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. HU308, a synthetic cannabinoid developed to activate CB2 receptors selectively, aims to minimize unwanted off-target side effects.

L-selenomethionine inhibits small intestinal ferroptosis caused by ammonia exposure through regulating ROS-mediated iron metabolism.

Ammonia is an important component of PM2.5 and PM10, and is also a major harmful gas in intensive and large-scale pig houses, which poses a potential threat to the health of farmers and animals. Intestinal tract is the largest immune organ in the body and is also an important target organ for ammonia exposure.

Fine Particle pH and Sensitivity to NH and HNO over South Korea During KORUS-AQ.

Using a new approach that constrains thermodynamic modeling of aerosol composition with measured gas-to-particle partitioning of inorganic nitrate, we estimate the acidity levels for aerosol sampled in the South Korean planetary boundary layer during the NASA/NIER KORUS-AQ field campaign. The pH (mean ± 1σ = 2.43±0.

Sustained swimming and improvements in anti-oxidative stress responses in matrinxa (Brycon amazonicus) exposed to environmental nitrite.

Nitrite is usual in water of intensive rearing systems. Considering its oxidative harmful potential, it was selected to challenge matrinxa Brycon amazonicus reared in sustained swimming (SS) (with flowing water adjusted to speed at 1.0 BL seg (long-duration aerobic metabolic characteristic) and evaluate any beneficial effect of such rearing system to enhance the fish potential to cope with this oxidant stressor in fish farmings.

In-depth exploration of microbial electrolysis cell coupled with anaerobic digestion (MEC-AD) for methanogenesis in treating protein wastewater at high organic loading rates.

High concentrations of protein wastewater often reduce treatment efficiency due to ammonia inhibition and acid accumulation caused by its low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N) after digestion, as well as its complex structure. This study investigates the performance of a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) driving a protein digestion system with gradually increasing organic loading rates (OLR) of bovine serum albumin, elucidating microbial changes and methanogenic metabolic pathways on bioelectrodes under high OLR "inhibited steady-state" (ISS) conditions. The results showed that the accumulation of ammonia nitrogen (AN) from protein hydrolysis under high OLR conditions disrupted microbial growth and caused cell death on the electrode surface, hindering the electron transfer rate.

Engineering Nickel(II) Porphyrin-Conjugated Polymers with Different Aryl -Substituents for n-Type and p-Type Ammonia Sensors.

Conjugated polymers have revolutionized the field of conductometric gas sensors for sensing toxic gases arising from the fast urbanization and industrialization. In this work, we report the synthesis of a series of 5,15-diaryl Ni(II) porphyrin-conjugated polymers () and their integration as the top layer on an octafluorinated copper phthalocyanine () sublayer to construct bilayer heterojunction (BLH) devices for ammonia sensing. For the first time, we report the pioneering demonstration of polarity engineering within a BLH device by manipulating the -substituent of the 5,15-diaryl Ni(II) porphyrin-conjugated polymer constituting the top layer of the BLH device.

Flux balance analysis and peptide mapping elucidate the impact of bioreactor pH on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell metabolism and N-linked glycosylation in the fab and Fc regions of the produced IgG.

Culture conditions have a profound impact on therapeutic protein production and glycosylation, a critical therapeutic-quality attribute, especially for monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). While the critical culture parameter of pH has been known since the early 1990s to affect protein glycosylation and production, detailed glycan and metabolic characterization and mechanistic understanding are critically lacking. Here, Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells were grown in bioreactors at pH 6.

A time-dependent interactive effect of nitrite and ammonia on inflammatory and immune response in the head kidney of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix).

Nitrite and ammonia stress frequently have harmful effects on aquatic animals. However, the effect of ammonia combined with nitrite on immunity is unclear. Aimed to determine their interactive effect on head kidney, silver carp were exposed to ammonia (15 mg/L), nitrite (10 mg/L), or ammonia+nitrite (15 mg/L + 10 mg/L), and control conditions for 48 h.

Dynamic response of soil microbial communities and network to hymexazol exposure.

Fungicides are an essential component of current agricultural practices, but their extensive use has raised concerns about their effects on non-target soil microorganisms, which carry out essential ecosystem functions. However, despite the complexity of microbial communities, many studies investigating their response to fungicides focus only on bacteria or fungi at one point in time. In this study, we used amplicon sequencing to assess the effect of the fungicide hymexazol on the diversity, composition, and co-occurrence network of soil bacteria, fungi, and protists at 7, 21, and 60 days after application.

L-Asparaginase from Lachancea Thermotolerans: Effect of Lys99Ala on Enzyme Performance and in vitro Antileukemic Efficacy.

L-asparaginases (EC 3.5.1.

Salinity mediates the damage caused by acute and chronic ammonia stress in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides).

Ammonia is a critical pollutant in aquatic environments, posing significant risks to aquaculture by accumulating in culture systems due to fish excretion and organic matter decomposition. This study investigated the effects of ammonia toxicity on juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) under varying salinity conditions (0 and 5 psu), focusing on physiological responses and gut microbiota changes. Results indicated that ammonia exposure led to increased mortality, oxidative stress, liver damage, and significant shifts in gut microbial communities, especially under freshwater conditions.

Development and environmental performance of a pilot-scale membrane capacitive deionization system for wastewater reclamation: Long-term operation and life cycle analysis.

Wastewater reclamation is regarded as a primary solution for efficient water resource management because of its environmental friendliness and energy efficiency. Membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) has shown great promise as a practical technology for wastewater reclamation, but challenges remain for the large-scale deployment of this technology due to gaps in understanding its technical and environmental performance. This study presents a pilot-scale MCDI-based wastewater treatment and reclamation system that includes sand filtration (SF), ultrafiltration (UF), MCDI, and ultraviolet (UV) units.

Marine microplastics enrich antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), especially extracellular ARGs: An investigation in the East China Sea.

The potential of microplastics to carry coexisting pollutants and contribute to combined pollution is a significant health concern. Here we investigate the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in both intracellular ARGs (iARGs) and extracellular ARGs (eARGs) forms, on microplastics collected from the coastal waters of the East China Sea. Our findings revealed that both iARGs and eARGs were enriched on microplastics.

Study on the physiological responses and tolerance mechanisms to subchronic carbonate alkalinity exposure in the gills of Paramisgurnus dabryanus.

Given the reduction of freshwater resources, saline-alkaline aquaculture has emerged as an effective approach to expand the fishery's accessible space. High carbonate alkalinity (CA) is a major stressor for aquatic organisms in saline-alkaline environments. Paramisgurnus dabryanus is a potential species for culture in saline-alkaline water, making it an ideal model for investigating the physiological responses and tolerance mechanisms to CA exposure in freshwater fishes.