Pseudomonas otitidis Bacteremia in a Patient with Cancer During the Palliative-care Phase: A Case Report.

Pseudomonas otitidis bacteremia is rare. We herein report a case of bacteremia caused by P. otitidis in a patient with advanced appendiceal cancer.

Viral eradication reduces all-cause mortality in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection who had received direct-acting antiviral therapy.

Background And Aims: The impact of hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication via direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy on overall mortality, particularly non-liver-related mortality, is understudied.

Methods: We recruited 4180 patients with chronic HCV infection who achieved sustained virological response (SVR) (HCV eradication) through DAA therapy (n = 2501, SVR group) or who did not receive antiviral therapy (n = 1679, non-SVR group); 1236 from each group were chosen using propensity score matching. Causes of death and all-cause mortality, including non-liver-related diseases, were investigated.

The Benefits of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Require at Least Three Cycles.

Background: Upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is uncommon. In advanced cases, radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) alone is not curative, and recurrence and metastasis are likely to occur. Adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) is an evidence-based treatment.

Combination Biologic Therapy with Mepolizumab and Dupilumab for Severe Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis and Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyp.

We report the case of a 55-year-old female with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp. Rhinosinusitis recurred 6 months after full-house endoscopic sinus surgery. Although conventional treatment with azathioprine and mepolizumab with steroids was given, it was difficult to simultaneously control both rhinosinusitis and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Alström Syndrome: A Review Focusing on Its Diverse Clinical Manifestations and Their Etiology as a Ciliopathy.

Alström syndrome is a form of inherited obesity caused by a single gene abnormality and is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. It is characterised by a variety of clinical manifestations, including progressive visual and hearing impairment, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dilated cardiomyopathy, and hepatic and renal dysfunction, in addition to obesity. Recent insights underline the pivotal involvement of the disease-associated gene () in cilia formation and function, leading to the classification of its clinical manifestations as a ciliopathy.

False-Positive Myeloperoxidase-Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis.

BACKGROUND Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a form of vasculitis predominantly affecting small blood vessels and systemic organs, including the lungs and kidneys. The serum ANCA is an important diagnostic marker for AAV. However, ANCA levels can be nonspecifically elevated in autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and some infectious diseases.

Necessity for surveillance for hepatocellualr carcinoma in older patients with chronic hepatitis C who achieved sustained virological response.

Background And Aim: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance in low-risk patients (annual incidence <1.5%) is not recommended per the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases guidelines. Because patients with chronic hepatitis C with non-advanced fibrosis who have achieved sustained virological response (SVR) have a low risk of HCC, HCC surveillance is not recommended for them.

Impact of Hyper- and Hypo-Uricemia on Kidney Function.

Uric acid (UA) forms monosodium urate (MSU) crystals to exert proinflammatory actions, thus causing gout arthritis, urolithiasis, kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. UA is also one of the most potent antioxidants that suppresses oxidative stress. Hyper andhypouricemia are caused by genetic mutations or polymorphism.

A multicenter prospective study of the treatment and outcome of patients with gastroduodenal peptic ulcer bleeding in Japan.

Gastroduodenal peptic ulcers are the main cause of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). We believe that recent advances in endoscopic techniques and devices for diagnosing upper gastrointestinal tract tumors have advanced hemostasis for UGIB. However, few prospective multicenter studies have examined how these changes affect the prognosis.

Characterization of Urate Metabolism and Complications of Patients with Renal Hypouricemia.

Objective Both renal hypouricemia (RHU) and gout are associated with renal dysfunction and urolithiasis. The difference in renal complications associated with RHU and gout, however, has not been studied. We characterized the urate metabolism and complications of patients with RHU and compared them with patients with gout.

Long-term Survival After Endoscopic Resection For Gastric Cancer: Real-world Evidence From a Multicenter Prospective Cohort.

Background & Aims: We aimed to clarify the long-term outcomes of endoscopic resection (ER) for early gastric cancers (EGCs) based on pathological curability in a multicenter prospective cohort study.

Methods: We analyzed the long-term outcomes of 9054 patients with 10,021 EGCs undergoing ER between July 2010 and June 2012. Primary endpoint was the 5-year overall survival (OS).

Incidence and predictors of fragility fracture in postmenopausal rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving oral bisphosphonates: a longitudinal observational study.

Background: Although many studies have reported the predictors of fractures in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who are not receiving anti-osteoporotic treatments or who are receiving unspecified treatments, studies focusing on the predictors of fracture in patients with RA who are currently being treated with oral bisphosphonates (BP) are quite scarce. This study aims to investigate the incidence and predictors of fragility fracture in postmenopausal patients with RA receiving oral BP.

Methods: This retrospective longitudinal observational study comprised 98 postmenopausal RA patients receiving oral BP for a minimum of 6 months between April 2015 and December 2020.

Gastric epithelial neoplasm of fundic-gland mucosa lineage: proposal for a new classification in association with gastric adenocarcinoma of fundic-gland type.

Background: Gastric adenocarcinoma of fundic-gland type (GA-FG) is a rare variant of gastric neoplasia. However, the etiology, classification, and clinicopathological features of gastric epithelial neoplasm of fundic-gland mucosa lineage (GEN-FGML; generic term of GA-FG related neoplasm) are not fully elucidated. We performed a large, multicenter, retrospective study to establish a new classification and clarify the clinicopathological features of GEN-FGML.

Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis with Orbital Apex Syndrome Leading to Brain Abscess in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis.

We report the case of a 65-year-old male who presented with a 1-week history of right periorbital pain and progressive visual loss. He had a history of ulcerative colitis and was taking oral corticosteroids and mesalazine. Neurological and radiological examination demonstrated a rare case of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis that began with orbital apex syndrome.

Endoscopic placement of covered versus uncovered self-expandable metal stents for palliation of malignant gastric outlet obstruction.

Objective: Stenting is an established endoscopic therapy for malignant gastric outlet obstruction (mGOO). The choice of stent (covered vs uncovered) has been examined in prior randomised studies without clear results.

Design: In a multicentre randomised prospective study, we compared covered (CSEMS) with uncovered self-expandable metal stents (UCSEMS) in patients with mGOO; main outcomes were stent dysfunction and patient survival, with subgroup analyses of patients with extrinsic and intrinsic tumours.

Complications after Radiofrequency Ablation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter Study Involving 9,411 Japanese Patients.

Introduction: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered a safe and minimally invasive procedure. We previously reported that the mortality and complication rates for RFA were 0.038% (5/13,283 patients) and 3.

A low-volume surgeon is an independent risk factor for leg length discrepancy after primary total hip arthroplasty: a case-control study.

Purpose: Leg length discrepancy (LLD) is one of the bothersome complications that reduce patient satisfaction after total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study aimed to investigate the independent risk factors of LLD after primary THA.

Methods: This is a case-control study of 163 THAs for 163 patients at our institution between April 2015 and March 2018.

Long-term outcomes of EUS-guided transluminal stent deployment for benign biliary disease: Multicenter clinical experience (with videos).

Background And Objectives: Biliary drainage (BD) under EUS guidance is usually indicated for malignant biliary obstruction. Recently, EUS-guided transluminal treatment has been applied to benign biliary disease (BBD). This multicenter retrospective study evaluated the clinical impact of EUS-guided transluminal stent deployment for BBD with long-term follow-up.

Influence of Diabetes Mellitus on Surgical Outcomes in Patients with Cervical Myelopathy: A Prospective, Multicenter Study.

Study Design: Multicenter, prospective study.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) on surgical outcomes in patients with cervical myelopathy.

Overview Of Literature: To date, few studies have investigated the influence of postoperative blood glucose or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels on surgical outcomes.

Pretreatment with an angiotensin II receptor blocker abolished ameliorating actions of adipose-derived stem cell sheets on cardiac dysfunction and remodeling after myocardial infarction.

Introduction: Cell sheets using myoblasts have been developed for the treatment of heart failure after myocardial infarction (MI) bridging to heart transplantation. Stem cells are supposed to be better than myoblasts as a source of cells, since they possess a potential to proliferate and differentiate into cardiomyocytes, and also have capacity to secrete angiogenic factors. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) obtained from fat tissues are expected to be a new cell source for ASC sheet therapies.

Real-world efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir + ribavirin for hepatitis C genotype 2: A nationwide multicenter study by the Japanese Red Cross Liver Study Group.

Aim: This study aimed to describe the real-world efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir (SOF) + ribavirin (RBV) for chronic hepatitis C, genotype 2.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of a nationwide, multicenter registry including 914 hepatitis C genotype 2 Japanese patients treated with SOF + RBV for 12 weeks. The rate of sustained virologic response at 12 weeks after treatment (SVR12), incidence of adverse events, and changes in serological parameters were analyzed.

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Rendezvous Technique for Failed Biliary Cannulation in Benign and Resectable Malignant Biliary Disorders.

Background: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided rendezvous technique (EUS-RV) has emerged as an effective salvage method for unsuccessful biliary cannulation. However, its application for benign and resectable malignant biliary disorders has not been fully evaluated.

Aims: To assess the efficacy and safety of EUS-RV for benign and resectable malignant biliary disorders.