171 results match your criteria: "Toronto E.T.; and the University of Alabama at Birmingham[Affiliation]"
Baseline Characteristics of Patients With Cavernous Angiomas With Symptomatic Hemorrhage in Multisite Trial Readiness Project.
Stroke
December 2021
Department of Neurosurgery (A. Stadnik, K.P., N.H., A. Shkoukani, J.C.-P., I.A.), University of Chicago, IL.
Background And Purpose: Brain cavernous angiomas with symptomatic hemorrhage (CASH) have a high risk of neurological disability from recurrent bleeding. Systematic assessment of baseline features and multisite validation of novel magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers are needed to optimize clinical trial design aimed at novel pharmacotherapies in CASH.
Methods: This prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study included adults with unresected, adjudicated brain CASH within the prior year.
Triple Therapy for Cystic Fibrosis -Gating and -Residual Function Genotypes.
N Engl J Med
August 2021
From Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom (P.J.B.); Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, the Berlin Institute of Health, and the German Center for Lung Research, Berlin (M.A.M.), and the Division of Cystic Fibrosis, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Medicine Essen-Ruhrlandklinik, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen (S.S.) - all in Germany; Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (A.A.); Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico and the University of Milan - both in Milan (C.C.); Wilhelmina Children's Hospital-University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (K.M.W.-G.); Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Centre-Université de Paris Hôpital Cochin AP-HP, Paris (I.F.); Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland (K.A.M.); St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin (E.F.M.); Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle (B.W.R.); National Jewish Health, Denver (J.L.T.-C.); St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto (E.T.); Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston (N.A., L.S.J., S.M.M., V.P.-C., S.T., D.W., F.X., Y.Z.); the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (S.M.R.); and the University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (D.P.).
Background: Elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor is a small-molecule cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator regimen shown to be efficacious in patients with at least one allele, which indicates that this combination can modulate a single allele. In patients whose other allele contains a gating or residual function mutation that is already effectively treated with previous CFTR modulators (ivacaftor or tezacaftor-ivacaftor), the potential for additional benefit from restoring Phe508del CFTR protein function is unclear.
Methods: We conducted a phase 3, double-blind, randomized, active-controlled trial involving patients 12 years of age or older with cystic fibrosis and -gating or -residual function genotypes.
Pathogenic SPTBN1 variants cause an autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental syndrome.
Nat Genet
July 2021
Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Article Synopsis
- SPTBN1 gene encodes βII-spectrin, crucial for forming networks at plasma membranes, and its deficiency in mice leads to significant neurodevelopmental issues.
- Heterozygous variants of SPTBN1 were identified in 29 individuals exhibiting a range of developmental challenges, including intellectual disabilities, language delays, and autistic features.
- These variants weaken βII-spectrin stability and disrupt cellular organization, establishing SPTBN1 as a key contributor to certain neurodevelopmental syndromes.
Characterizing the Clinical Features and Atrophy Patterns of -Related Frontotemporal Dementia With Disease Progression Modeling.
Neurology
August 2021
From the Department of Neuroimaging (A.L.Y., S.C.R.W.), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London; Departments of Computer Science (A.L.Y., D.C.A.) and Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering (D.M.C.), Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London; Dementia Research Centre (M.B., L.L.R., R.S.C., G.P., E.T., D.M.C., C.V.G., L.J., J.D.R.), Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Department of Neurology (J.v.S., L.J., H.S.), Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Cognitive Disorders Unit (F.M.), Department of Neurology, Donostia University Hospital; Neuroscience Area (F.M.), Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain; Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit (R.S.-V.), Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacións Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Spain; Neurology Unit (B.B.), Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Italy; Clinique Interdisciplinaire de Mémoire, Département des Sciences Neurologiques, CHU de Québec, and Faculté de Médecine (R.L.), Université Laval, Québec; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute (M.M.), and Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.C.T.), University of Toronto, Canada; Center for Alzheimer Research (C.G.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Bioclinicum, Karolinska Institutet; Unit for Hereditary Dementias (C.G.), Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden; Fondazione Ca'Granda (D.G.), IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico; University of Milan (D.G.), Centro Dino Ferrari, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust (J.B.R.), University of Cambridge, UK; Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences (E.F.), University of Western Ontario, London, Canada; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.S.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen; Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S.), Tübingen, Germany; Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences (R.V.), and Leuven Brain Institute (R.V.), KU Leuven; Neurology Service (R.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine (A.d.M.), University of Lisbon, Portugal; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (F.T.), Milan, Italy; University Hospital of Coimbra (HUC), Neurology Service (I.S.), and Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (I.S.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University Health Centre (S.D.), and McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute (S.D.), McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (C.B.), Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford; Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology (A.G.), Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, UK; Departments of Geriatric Medicine and Nuclear Medicine (A.G.), University of Duisburg-Essen; Department of Neurology (J.L., A.D.), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.L.); Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.L.), Munich; Department of Neurology (M.O.), University of Ulm, Germany; Departments of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child Health (S.S.), University of Florence; and IRCCS Don Gnocchi (S.S.), Florence, Italy.
Background And Objective: Mutations in the gene cause frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Most previous studies investigating the neuroanatomical signature of mutations have grouped all different mutations together and shown an association with focal atrophy of the temporal lobe. The variability in atrophy patterns between each particular mutation is less well-characterized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of Sotagliflozin on Total Hospitalizations in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Worsening Heart Failure : A Randomized Trial.
Ann Intern Med
August 2021
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (B.P.).
Article Synopsis
- - The SOLOIST-WHF trial investigated the effects of sotagliflozin, a medication for patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure, finding it reduced cardiovascular-related events by 33% compared to a placebo.
- - The study was designed as a randomized, double-blind trial with 1,222 participants across 306 sites in 32 countries, assessing the efficacy of sotagliflozin on outcomes like days alive and out of the hospital (DAOH).
- - Results showed while hospitalization rates were similar between both groups, those on sotagliflozin experienced fewer repeated hospitalizations and a 3% higher rate of DAOH due to a significant decrease in days lost to death.
Towards complete and error-free genome assemblies of all vertebrate species.
Nature
April 2021
Vertebrate Genome Lab, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Scientists need good reference genomes to study biology, diseases, and protect wildlife, but there are only a few for non-microbial species.
- The Genome 10K (G10K) group worked for five years to improve the way they create these high-quality genomes and gathered information from 16 different animal species.
- Their work showed that special long-read technology improves genome quality, fixed errors in old genome sequences, and discovered new things about genes and chromosomes, leading to a new project to create complete genomes for about 70,000 vertebrate species.
In Vivo Function of Flow-Responsive Cis-DNA Elements of eNOS Gene: A Role for Chromatin-Based Mechanisms.
Circulation
August 2021
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (K.H.K., M.Y.M.F., R.N., E.T., B.J.K., P.A.M.).
Background: eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) is an endothelial cell (EC)-specific gene predominantly expressed in medium- to large-sized arteries where ECs experience atheroprotective laminar flow with high shear stress. Disturbed flow with lower average shear stress decreases eNOS transcription, which leads to the development of atherosclerosis, especially at bifurcations and curvatures of arteries. This prototypic arterial EC gene contains 2 distinct flow-responsive cis-DNA elements in the promoter, the shear stress response element (SSRE) and the KLF (Krüppel-like factor) element.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrajectory-Based Classification of Recovery in Sensorimotor Complete Traumatic Cervical Spinal Cord Injury.
Neurology
May 2021
From the Division of Neurosurgery and Spine Program (B.N.R.J., M.G.F.), Toronto Western Hospital, Division of Neurosurgery and Spine Program (J.B.), and Division of Neurosurgery and Spine Program, St. Michael's Hospital (J.R.W.), University of Toronto, Canada; Division of Neurosurgery (J.G.), University of Miami, FL; Division of Neurosurgery (J.H.), Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Duke Spine Division (C.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Division of Neurosurgery (M.B.), University of Louisville, KY; Division of Neurosurgery (S.K.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Division of Neurosurgery (R.G., E.T.), Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX; Chicago Institute of Neurosurgery and Neuroresearch (F.G.), Rush University, IL; Division of Spine Surgery (B.K.), Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Canada; Division of Neurosurgery, Shock Trauma (B.A.), University of Maryland, Baltimore; and Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences (M.K.), University of Cambridge, UK.
Objective: To test the hypothesis that sensorimotor complete traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) is a heterogenous clinical entity comprising several subpopulations that follow fundamentally different trajectories of neurologic recovery.
Methods: We analyzed demographic and injury data from 655 patients who were pooled from 4 prospective longitudinal multicenter studies. Group-based trajectory modeling was applied to model neurologic recovery trajectories over the initial 12 months postinjury and to identify predictors of recovery trajectories.
Plasma Neurofilament Light for Prediction of Disease Progression in Familial Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration.
Neurology
May 2021
From the University of California, San Francisco (J.C.R., P.W., A.M.S., Y.C., A.W., S.-Y.M.G., P.A.L., H.W.H., J.C.F., J.B.T., A.M.K., L.L.M., J.K., J.H.K., B.L.M., H.J.S., A.L.B.); UK Dementia Research Centre (C.H., D.M.C., R.S.C., M.B., M.F., C.V.G., G.P., L.R., I.S., E.T., J.D.R.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London; Quanterix Corp (E.V., L.S., A.J., D.H.), Lexington; Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Inc (L.Y., A. Khinikar, R.S.), Cambridge, MA; Novartis Pharma AG (A. Kieloch, M.-A.V.), Basel, Switzerland; Bluefield Project to Cure Frontotemporal Dementia (L.L.M., R.P.), San Francisco, CA; Mayo Clinic (K.K., D.S.K., B.F.B.), Rochester, MN; Mayo Clinic (N.G.-R., L.P., R.R.), Jacksonville, FL; University of Pennsylvania (D.J.I., M.G.), Philadelphia; University of California, Los Angeles (E.M.R., G.C., M.F.M., Y.B.); Harvard University/Massachusetts General Hospital (B.D.C.), Boston, MA; Washington University (N.G.), St. Louis, MO; Columbia University (E.D.H.), New York, NY; University of British Columbia (I.R.M., G.-Y.R.H.), Vancouver, Canada; Case Western Reserve University (B.S.A.), Cleveland, OH; University of Washington (K.D.-R.), Seattle; Laboratory of Neuroimaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Northwestern University (S.W.), Chicago, IL; University of North Carolina (D.I.K.), Chapel Hill; Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas (D.K.); University of California, San Diego (I.L.); Johns Hopkins Hospital (C.U.O., A.P.), Baltimore, MD; University of Alabama at Birmingham (E.D.R.); University of Toronto (M.C.T., M.M.), Ontario, Canada; Indiana University School of Medicine (T.F.), Indianapolis; Biogen Inc (W.C., J.C., D.L.G.), Cambridge, MA; Erasmus Medical Centre (J.C.v.S.), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; University of Brescia (B.B.), Italy; University of Barcelona (R.S.-V.); Donostia University Hospital (F.M.), San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain; Clinique Interdisciplinaire de Mémoire (R.L.), Département des Sciences Neurologiques, CHU de Québec; Faculté de Médecine (R.L.), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada; Center for Alzheimer Research (C.G.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Bioclinicum, Karolinska Institutet; Unit for Hereditary Dementias (C.G.), Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden; University of Tübingen (M.S.); Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S.), Tübingen, Germany; Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico (D.G.); University of Milan (D.G.), Centro Dino Ferrari, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Cambridge University Hospital (J.B.R.), University of Cambridge, UK; University of Western Ontario (E.F.), London, Canada; KU Leuven (R.V.), Belgium; Neurology Service (R.V.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; University of Lisbon (A.d.M.), Portugal; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (F.T.), Milan, Italy; University of Coimbra (I.S.), Portugal; McGill University (S.D.), Montreal, Québec, Canada; University of Oxford (C.R.B.); Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre (A.G.), University of Manchester, UK; University of Duisburg-Essen (A.G.), Duisberg; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (J.L., A.D.); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (J.L.), Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy); University of Ulm (M.O.), Germany; and Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (S.S.), University of Florence, and IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy.
Objective: We tested the hypothesis that plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) identifies asymptomatic carriers of familial frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD)-causing mutations at risk of disease progression.
Methods: Baseline plasma NfL concentrations were measured with single-molecule array in original (n = 277) and validation (n = 297) cohorts. , , and mutation carriers and noncarriers from the same families were classified by disease severity (asymptomatic, prodromal, and full phenotype) using the CDR Dementia Staging Instrument plus behavior and language domains from the National Alzheimer's Disease Coordinating Center FTLD module (CDR+NACC-FTLD).
Bariatric Surgery and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease:: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.
Circulation
April 2021
Division of General Surgery (A.G.D., Y.L., D.H., M.A.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Background: Bariatric surgery has been shown to significantly reduce cardiovascular risk factors. However, whether surgery can reduce major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), especially in patients with established cardiovascular disease, remains poorly understood. The present study aims to determine the association between bariatric surgery and MACE among patients with cardiovascular disease and severe obesity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeft Ventricular Mass and Wall Thickness Measurements Using Echocardiography and Cardiac MRI in Patients with Fabry Disease: Clinical Significance of Discrepant Findings.
Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging
June 2020
Toronto Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto General Hospital, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 585 University Ave, 1 PMB-298, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2N2 (C.O., G.R.K., E.T.N., P.T., K.H.); Division of Cardiology, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (I.B., R.M.I., P.T., A.W.); and Fred A. Litwin Centre in Genetic Medicine, University Health Network & Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (C.F.M.).
Purpose: To compare transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and cardiac MRI measurements of left ventricular mass (LVM) and maximum wall thickness (MWT) in patients with Fabry disease and evaluate the clinical significance of discrepancies between modalities.
Materials And Methods: Seventy-eight patients with Fabry disease (mean age, 46 years ± 14 [standard deviation]; 63% female) who underwent TTE and cardiac MRI within a 6-month interval between 2008 and 2018 were included in this retrospective cohort study. The clinical significance of measurement discrepancies was evaluated with respect to diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), eligibility for disease-specific therapy, and prognosis.
Swallowing, Oral Motor, Motor Speech, and Language Impairments Following Acute Pediatric Ischemic Stroke.
Stroke
April 2021
Pediatric Stroke Program, Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada (V.S., I.B., G.D., N.D., D.M., E.P., M.M.).
Background And Purpose: Following adult stroke, dysphagia, dysarthria, and aphasia are common sequelae. Little is known about these impairments in pediatric stroke. We assessed frequencies, co-occurrence and associations of dysphagia, oral motor, motor speech, language impairment, and caregiver burden in pediatric stroke.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCadherin 2-Related Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: Prevalence and Clinical Features.
Circ Genom Precis Med
April 2021
Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin (A.G., M.-C.K., P.J.S., L.C.), Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Background: Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited cardiac disease characterized by fibrofatty replacement of the right and left ventricle, often causing ventricular dysfunction and life-threatening arrhythmias. Variants in desmosomal genes account for up to 60% of cases. Our objective was to establish the prevalence and clinical features of ACM stemming from pathogenic variants in the nondesmosomal cadherin 2 (CDH2), a novel genetic substrate of ACM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMechanisms of Congenital Heart Disease Caused by NAA15 Haploinsufficiency.
Circ Res
April 2021
Genetics (T.W., W.T., S.M., G.V., M.Y.J., J.A.L.W., A.H., J.G., Y.K., A.P., J.H., C.C.B., S.R.D., C.S., J.G.S.), Harvard Medical School.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFDefinitions and Clinical Trial Design Principles for Coronary Artery Chronic Total Occlusion Therapies: CTO-ARC Consensus Recommendations.
Circulation
February 2021
The Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY (D.K., A.M., Z.A.A., J.W.M., G.W.S.).
Over the past 2 decades, chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention has developed into its own subspecialty of interventional cardiology. Dedicated terminology, techniques, devices, courses, and training programs have enabled progressive advancements. However, only a few randomized trials have been performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CTO percutaneous coronary intervention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessing the role of quarantine and isolation as control strategies for COVID-19 outbreak: A case study.
Chaos Solitons Fractals
March 2021
Department of Information Technology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan.
Life style of people almost in every country has been changed with arrival of corona virus. Under the drastic influence of the virus, mathematicians, statisticians, epidemiologists, microbiologists, environmentalists, health providers, and government officials started searching for strategies including mathematical modeling, lock-down, face masks, isolation, quarantine, and social distancing. With quarantine and isolation being the most effective tools, we have formulated a new nonlinear deterministic model based upon ordinary differential equations containing six compartments (susceptible exposed quarantined infected isolated and recovered ).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCanadian Consensus for Biomarker Testing and Treatment of TRK Fusion Cancer in Adults.
Curr Oncol
January 2021
Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada.
The tyrosine receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitors larotrectinib and entrectinib were recently approved in Canada for the treatment of solid tumours harbouring neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase ( gene fusions. These gene fusions are oncogenic drivers found in most tumour types at a low frequency (<5%), and at a higher frequency (>80%) in a small number of rare tumours (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInternational society of sports nutrition position stand: caffeine and exercise performance.
J Int Soc Sports Nutr
January 2021
Performance & Physique Enhancement Laboratory, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
Following critical evaluation of the available literature to date, The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) position regarding caffeine intake is as follows: 1. Supplementation with caffeine has been shown to acutely enhance various aspects of exercise performance in many but not all studies. Small to moderate benefits of caffeine use include, but are not limited to: muscular endurance, movement velocity and muscular strength, sprinting, jumping, and throwing performance, as well as a wide range of aerobic and anaerobic sport-specific actions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Mauritanian Coral Mounds.
Zootaxa
November 2020
Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de Ciencias do Mar e Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM-UVigo), Universidade de Vigo. Campus Lagoas-Marcosende. 36310 Vigo. Spain. Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo. Subida Radio Faro 50. 36390 Vigo. Spain..
Unlabelled: Agassiz, L. (1862) Contributions to the natural history of the United States of America. Vol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCC-90009, a novel cereblon E3 ligase modulator, targets acute myeloid leukemia blasts and leukemia stem cells.
Blood
February 2021
Bristol-Myers Squibb, San Diego, CA.
A number of clinically validated drugs have been developed by repurposing the CUL4-DDB1-CRBN-RBX1 (CRL4CRBN) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex with molecular glue degraders to eliminate disease-driving proteins. Here, we present the identification of a first-in-class GSPT1-selective cereblon E3 ligase modulator, CC-90009. Biochemical, structural, and molecular characterization demonstrates that CC-90009 coopts the CRL4CRBN to selectively target GSPT1 for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEstimating effective reproduction number using generation time versus serial interval, with application to covid-19 in the Greater Toronto Area, Canada.
Infect Dis Model
November 2020
Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Canada.
Background: The effective reproduction number () is a critical measure of epidemic potential. () can be calculated in near real time using an incidence time series and the generation time distribution: the time between infection events in an infector-infectee pair. In calculating (), the generation time distribution is often approximated by the serial interval distribution: the time between symptom onset in an infector-infectee pair.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUtility of Abdominal Imaging in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients Presenting With Peritonitis.
Can J Kidney Health Dis
October 2020
Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Background: Peritonitis remains a major complication in peritoneal dialysis (PD). Abdominal imaging is often performed in the setting of peritonitis to evaluate for concomitant intra-abdominal processes. However, the usefulness of this procedure is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCerebral Small Vessel Disease, Risk Factors, and Cognition in Tenants of Precarious Housing.
Stroke
November 2020
Division of Neurology (L.W.Z., A.A.J., T.S.F.), University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada.
Background And Purpose: We aim to describe the burden, characteristics, and cognitive associations of cerebral small vessel disease in a Canadian sample living with multimorbidity in precarious housing.
Methods: Participants received T1, T2-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, and susceptibility-weighted imaging 3T magnetic resonance imaging sequences and comprehensive clinical, laboratory, and cognitive assessments. Cerebral small vessel disease burden was characterized using a modified Small Vessel Disease (mSVD) score.
Risk of Paradoxical Embolism (RoPE)-Estimated Attributable Fraction Correlates With the Benefit of Patent Foramen Ovale Closure: An Analysis of 3 Trials.
Stroke
October 2020
Department of Neurology, Tufts Medical Center/Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA. (D.M.K., D.E.T.).
Background And Purpose: In patients with cryptogenic stroke and patent foramen ovale (PFO), the Risk of Paradoxical Embolism (RoPE) Score has been proposed as a method to estimate a patient-specific "PFO-attributable fraction"-the probability that a documented PFO is causally-related to the stroke, rather than an incidental finding. The objective of this research is to examine the relationship between this RoPE-estimated PFO-attributable fraction and the effect of closure in 3 randomized trials.
Methods: We pooled data from the CLOSURE-I (Evaluation of the STARFlex Septal Closure System in Patients With a Stroke and/or Transient Ischemic Attack due to Presumed Paradoxical Embolism through a Patent Foramen Ovale), RESPECT (Randomized Evaluation of Recurrent Stroke Comparing PFO Closure to Established Current Standard of Care Treatment), and PC (Clinical Trial Comparing Percutaneous Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale [PFO] Using the Amplatzer PFO Occluder With Medical Treatment in Patients With Cryptogenic Embolism) trials.
Assessing invasiveness of subsolid lung adenocarcinomas with combined attenuation and geometric feature models.
Sci Rep
September 2020
Department of Radiology, UMass Memorial Medical Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
The aim of this study was to develop and test multiclass predictive models for assessing the invasiveness of individual lung adenocarcinomas presenting as subsolid nodules on computed tomography (CT). 227 lung adenocarcinomas were included: 31 atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and adenocarcinomas in situ (class H1), 64 minimally invasive adenocarcinomas (class H2) and 132 invasive adenocarcinomas (class H3). Nodules were segmented, and geometric and CT attenuation features including functional principal component analysis features (FPC1 and FPC2) were extracted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF