Increased spontaneous preterm births during the second wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in India.

Objective: To compare spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB) and iatrogenic preterm birth (IPTB) rates during both waves of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of the PregCovid registry of pregnant women with COVID-19 was performed at a dedicated COVID-19 hospital in Mumbai, India. The data of 1630 women were analyzed for this study between April 4, 2020 and July 4, 2021.

"The Innate Tail": An Unusual Cause of Rectal Bleeding in an Adult Male.

Retrorectal cystic hamartomas or tailgut cysts are infrequent congenital lesions presenting as presacral masses originating from the embryonic hindgut. They are commonly diagnosed in middle-aged women. Physicians must have a high index of suspicion to diagnose this rare tumor.

Clinical characteristics, outcomes, & mortality in pregnant women with COVID-19 in Maharashtra, India: Results from PregCovid registry.

Background & Objectives: The PregCovid registry was established to document the clinical presentations, pregnancy outcomes and mortality of pregnant and post-partum women with COVID-19.

Methods: The PregCovid registry prospectively collects information in near-real time on pregnant and post-partum women with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 from 19 medical colleges across the State of Maharashtra, India. Data of 4203 pregnant women collected during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020-January 2021) was analyzed.

Pulmonary vasculitis in Hughes-Stovin syndrome (HSS): a reference atlas and computed tomography pulmonary angiography guide-a report by the HSS International Study Group.

Introduction: Hughes-Stovin syndrome (HSS) is a systemic vasculitis characterized by widespread venous/arterial thrombosis and pulmonary artery aneurysms (PAAs), which is associated with serious morbidity and mortality. All fatalities reported in HSS resulted from unpredictable fatal suffocating hemoptysis. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize pulmonary complications at an early stage of the disease.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome: A study of autopsy findings.

Context: In this autopsy study, the various morphological patterns of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have been analyzed and compared along with their etiopathogenesis.

Aims: We aimed to study the prevalence and clinicopathological correlation of ARDS based on age, gender, hospital stay, symptoms, clinical diagnosis, gross, and microscopy findings.

Subjects And Methods: Total 130 cases of ARDS were studied over a period of 5 years.

Impact of Autoantibodies to Complement Components on the Disease Activity in SLE.

Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multi-system autoimmune disease with varied clinical presentations. Complement components are the major players in disease pathogenesis. This retrospective cross-sectional study was aimed at assessing the role of autoantibodies to these complement components and their association disease activity in newly diagnosed SLE patients from India.

Adverse Drug Reaction Profile of Anticancer Agents in a Tertiary Care Hospital: An Observational Study.

Background: Anti-cancer agents are known to be toxic, leading to a number of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). ADRs not only increase the financial burden on the patient/healthcare system but also decrease the quality of life. Understanding the burden of ADR will help strengthen the knowledge on patient safety and implement intervention strategies to reduce it.

Bracing NK cell based therapy to relegate pulmonary inflammation in COVID-19.

The contagiosity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has startled mankind and has brought our lives to a standstill. The treatment focused mainly on repurposed immunomodulatory and antiviral agents along with the availability of a few vaccines for prophylaxis to vanquish COVID-19. This seemingly mandates a deeper understanding of the disease pathogenesis.

Predominant polarity in bipolar disorder: Findings from the bipolar disorder course and outcome study from India (BiD-CoIN study).

Aim: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the predominant polarity (PP) in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and the factors associated with PP.

Methodology: For this study, 773 participants with at least 10 years of illness, were recruited from 14 centres, were evaluated using the National Institute of Mental Health- Retrospective Life Charts to assess the course of illness and PP was determined by both Barcelona proposal and the Harvard Index.

Results: According to Barcelona proposal for PP, 20.

Convalescent plasma, political narrative, and public health ethics in the Covid-19 pandemic.

Convalescent plasma therapy emerged as an early experimental therapy for the treatment of Covid-19. However, despite limited data regarding its safety and efficacy, the therapy was extensively publicised by multiple politicians as a cure. We analyse the impact of this political narrative around medical therapeutics on the pandemic using the coherentist model of public health ethics.

Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleed as first presentation of primary systemic amyloidosis - A case report.

Gastrointestinal (GI) tract manifestations of amyloid deposition include diarrhea, GI hemorrhage, steatorrhea, or constipation. Here, we report an elderly female presenting with GI hemorrhage due to gastric ulceration and 4-6 polypoidal lesions with intermittent ooze in the duodenum as a first presentation of primary systemic amyloidosis. The bleed was managed with proton-pump inhibitors and hemospray application.

Screening of Family Members of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients can Detect Undiagnosed Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Among Them: Is There a Genetic Link?

Background & Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has multifactorial origin. Genetic and environmental factors lead to the biology of this complex disorder. In this study, we screened parents of cases with NAFLD and compared them with parents of cases without NAFLD to see its familial aggregation and the role of patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3).

Platelet lysate for COVID-19 pneumonia-a newer adjunctive therapeutic avenue.

The linchpin for COVID-19 pathogenesis is the severe inflammatory process in the respiratory tract wherein the accumulation of excessive cytokines paves the way for a series of systemic hemodynamic alterations and mortality. The mortality rate is higher in individuals with co-morbidities and advancing age. The absence of a specific therapy is responsible for this uncontrolled spread and the significant mortality.

Pregnancy Outcomes and Maternal Complications During the Second Wave of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in India.

Rates of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), intensive care unit admission, and maternal mortality increased among pregnant and postpartum women admitted for COVID-19 in the second wave compared with the first wave in India.

Clinical Presentation of Cases with SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection/ Reactivation.

Background: Reinfection/reactivation of SARS-CoV-2 has been a matter of great interest from the immunological and vaccine perspective. However, little is known about the clinical presentation of such reinfection/reactivation. We report a case series of 9 COVID-19 patients having experienced two clinically- and/or virologically-confirmed episodes of COVID-19.

Management of Helicobacter pylori infection: The Bhubaneswar Consensus Report of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology.

The Indian Society of Gastroenterology (ISG) felt the need to organize a consensus on Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and to update the current management of H. pylori infection; hence, ISG constituted the ISG's Task Force on Helicobacter pylori.

A Rare Case of and Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

Enteric fever is a common infectious disease of the tropical world. Common age group involved is children aged between 5 and 10 years. In addition to diarrhea, it may lead to extraintestinal infections including aseptic meningitis, hepatitis, cholecystitis, acute abdomen, intestinal perforation, pneumonia, psychosis, and ataxia.

Residual symptoms in bipolar disorders: Findings from the bipolar Disorder course and outcome study from India (BiD-CoIN study).

Aim: To explore the prevalence of residual symptoms (both depressive and manic) and their correlates in subjects with bipolar disorder in clinical remission.

Methodology: This multicentric cross-sectional study included patients in clinical remission recruited across the 14 centers. The patients were evaluated on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) for the prevalence of residual symptoms.

Primary pancreatic tuberculosis with a duodenal fistula in an immunocompetent young man.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a common disease in developing countries that can virtually affect any organ in the body. The abdomen is one of the most common sites for extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. Primary Pancreatic tuberculosis (PPTB) is rare and can be clinically elusive.

Tetra ostial coronary arterial anatomy-A rare pattern in transposition.

Background: Meticulous transfer of coronary arteries is of crucial importance in transposition and determines the success of the switch procedure. This report describes a coronary arterial anatomy consisting of four separate ostia from the two facing sinuses in a 6-month-old infant presenting with transposition and ventricular septal defect.

Conclusion: Being a rare coronary arterial pattern not described in previous coding systems, the surgeon would do well to be aware of this possibility while performing the switch procedure.