Photosynthetic Bacteria-Hitchhiking 2D iMXene-mRNA Vaccine to Enable Photo-Immunogene Cancer Therapy.

Therapeutic mRNA vaccines have become powerful therapeutic tools for severe diseases, including infectious diseases and malignant neoplasms. mRNA vaccines encoding tumor-associated antigens provide unprecedented hope for many immunotherapies that have hit the bottleneck. However, the application of mRNA vaccines is limited because of biological instability, innate immunogenicity, and ineffective delivery in vivo.

Electrocatalytic functional group conversion-based carbon resource upgrading.

The conversions of carbon resources, such as alcohols, aldehydes/ketones, and ethers, have been being one of the hottest topics most recently for the goal of carbon neutralization. The emerging electrocatalytic upgrading has been regarded as a promising strategy aiming to convert carbon resources into value-added chemicals. Although exciting progress has been made and reviewed recently in this area by mostly focusing on the explorations of valuable anodic oxidation or cathodic reduction reactions individually, however, the reaction rules of these reactions are still missing, and how to purposely find or rationally design novel but efficient reactions in batches is still challenging.

Oncogenic and immunological values of RBM34 in osteosarcoma and its pan-cancer analysis.

RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are increasingly recognized as potential factors influencing the advancement, prognostication, and immune response in various solid tumors. Nevertheless, the comprehensive understanding of RBM34's biological mechanisms within the tumor microenvironment remains incomplete, necessitating further systematic pan-cancer investigations to ascertain its diagnostic, prognostic, and immunological significance. In this study, the TCGA, CCLE, HPA, GTEX, and TARGET databases were employed to analyze the expression abundance and subcellular localization of RBM34 in diverse tumor types.

Correction and removal of expression of concern: Natural steroid-based cationic copolymers cholesterol/diosgenin--PDMAEMAs and their pDNA nanoplexes: impact of steroid structures and hydrophobic/hydrophilic ratios on pDNA delivery.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D1RA00223F.].

Cuproptosis-related LINC01711 promotes the progression of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.

This study utilized The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to identify cuproptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (CRlncRNAs) in patients with kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) which was further applied to construct risk signatures. All KIRC patients were divided into the training and the validation sets at a ratio of 7:3. Lasso regression analysis identified two prognosis-associated CRlncRNAs (LINC01204 and LINC01711), and prognostic risk signatures were constructed in both the training and the validation sets.

The splicing factor proline and glutamine rich promotes the growth of osteosarcoma via the c-Myc signaling pathway.

Splicing factor proline- and glutamine-rich (SFPQ) regulates transcripts in skeletal muscle metabolism and tumorigenesis. As osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor characterized by genome instability, such as MYC amplification, this study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of SFPQ in OS. Expression of SFPQ in OS cell lines and human OS tissues was detected using quantitative real-time PCR, western blot, and fluorescence hybridization (FISH) analyses.

Expression of concern: Natural steroid-based cationic copolymers cholesterol/diosgenin--PDMAEMAs and their pDNA nanoplexes: impact of steroid structures and hydrophobic/hydrophilic ratios on pDNA delivery.

Expression of concern for 'Natural steroid-based cationic copolymers cholesterol/diosgenin--PDMAEMAs and their pDNA nanoplexes: impact of steroid structures and hydrophobic/hydrophilic ratios on pDNA delivery' by Zhao Wang , , 2021, , 19450-19460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D1RA00223F.

Cytokine profiling in patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy before and after intravitreal injection of ranibizumab.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the cytokines profiling in the aqueous humor of patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) before and after intravitreal ranibizumab injection (IVR).

Methods: 14 patients clinically diagnosed with PCV and 15 cataract patients of similar age and gender (control group) were included. Throughout the cataract surgery and IVR, aqueous humor samples were collected from the PCV and control groups.

Combination of preoperative plasma fibrinogen and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to predict the prognosis for patients undergoing laparoscopic nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma.

This study was conducted to investigate the prognostic significance of a combination of fibrinogen and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) named the F-NLR score as a novel indicator and further create nomograms for predicting the prognosis of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treated with laparoscopic nephrectomy. A total of 425 patients with RCC who underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy were included in this study. Then, we divided the patients based on the cut-off values of their F-NLR score into three categories: F-NLR 2 (both high fibrinogen and NLR), F-NLR 0 (both low fibrinogen and NLR), and F-NLR 1 (remaining patients).

[Application of CAD in custom tray design for teaching of dental postgraduates].

Purpose: To evaluate the teaching effect of making custom trays via CAD in dental postgraduates.

Methods: Twenty-seven dental postgraduates from first to third grade at the School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai were given an informed consent to explain and request participation in the study. First, a lecture about the theory and process of fabricating custom tray via traditional hand-made method and CAD technique was given, then the students fabricated custom trays via the two methods and completed an online survey.

Natural steroid-based cationic copolymers cholesterol/diosgenin--PDMAEMAs and their pDNA nanoplexes: impact of steroid structures and hydrophobic/hydrophilic ratios on pDNA delivery.

Using natural-based lipids to construct biocompatible, controllable and efficient nanocarriers and elucidating their structure-function relationships, was regarded as an important area for creating sustainable biomaterials. Herein, we utilized two natural steroids: cholesterol and diosgenin (bearing different hydrophobic tails) as the building blocks, to synthesize a series of natural steroid-based cationic random copolymers PMA6Chol--PDMAEMA and PMA6Dios--PDMAEMA RAFT polymerization. The results demonstrated that the steroid--PDMAEMA copolymers could efficiently bind pDNA (N/P < 3.

CDKN2B-AS1 promotes the proliferation, clone formation, and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by regulating miR-98-5p/E2F2 axis.

Objective: To explore the effect of CDKN2B antisense RNA 1 (CDKN2B-AS1) on the proliferation, clone formation, and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells by regulating miR-98-5p/E2F transcription factor 2 (E2F2) axis.

Methods: The expressions of CDKN2B-AS1, miR-98-5p, and E2F2 in NPC tissues and cell lines (SUNE-1, 5-8F, 6-10B, and HK-1) as well as in peritumoral normal tissues and cell line NP69 were determined by qRT-PCR. Subcellular localization of CDKN2B-AS1 was detected using the fluorescence hybridization assay.

DeepReac+: deep active learning for quantitative modeling of organic chemical reactions.

Various computational methods have been developed for quantitative modeling of organic chemical reactions; however, the lack of universality as well as the requirement of large amounts of experimental data limit their broad applications. Here, we present DeepReac+, an efficient and universal computational framework for prediction of chemical reaction outcomes and identification of optimal reaction conditions based on deep active learning. Under this framework, DeepReac is designed as a graph-neural-network-based model, which directly takes 2D molecular structures as inputs and automatically adapts to different prediction tasks.

[Influence of canine vertical position on smile esthetic perceptions by using 3D digital facial reconstruction].

Purpose: To verify the impact of alterations in the vertical position of maxillary canine on smile esthetic perceptions, in order to find an optimal canine position.

Methods: A volunteer's dentition and facial images were scanned by intra-oral scanning and three-dimensional facial scanning, which were then calibrated. In virtue of dental computer-aided design software, the canine vertical positions were symmetrically modified in a variable of 0.

Correlation of vascular change and cognitive impairment in age-related macular degeneration patients.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of blindness among the elderly. However, the correlation between vascular change and cognitive impairment in AMD disease is still unknown. In our study, we investigate the blood flow change among different layers of the retina in the AMD eye and normal fellow eye of AMD patients and its influence with patients' cognition.

Erratum: Silencing miR-454 suppresses cell proliferation, migration and invasion via directly targeting MECP2 in renal cell carcinoma.

[This corrects the article on p. 4277 in vol. 12, PMID: 32913504.

Silencing miR-454 suppresses cell proliferation, migration and invasion via directly targeting MECP2 in renal cell carcinoma.

Renal cell cancer (RCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the urinary system. MicroRNA-454 (miR-454) has been reported to play an important role in various cancer progressions, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer and glioblastoma. Nevertheless, its effect on RCC still remains unknown.

Cytokine and chemokine profile changes in patients after intravitreal conbercept injection for center macular edema due to branch retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: This study aimed to ascertain cytokine concentrations in patients with center macular edema (CME) due to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) before and during the period of treatment with intravitreal injection of conbercept (IVC) and to determine the relationship between these concentrations and disease activity.

Materials And Methods: The Bio-Plex 200 System and the Bio-Plex Human Cytokine Standard 27-Plex, Group I (Bio-Rad, Hercules, California, USA) were used to detect cytokine concentrations in aqueous humour. Experimental aqueous humour samples were collected from 22 patients with CME due to BRVO when IVC was administered at baseline and at 1 month, and control aqueous samples were collected by limbal paracentesis from 16 patients undergoing routine cataract surgery.

Hypoxia promoted renal cell carcinoma cell migration through regulating lncRNA-ENST00000574654.1.

Background: Hypoxia is common in solid tumor masses that has functional consequences for tumor progression. Previous studies demonstrated that nearly 80% renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are under hypoxia. However, effect and its mechanism of hypoxia on RCC cell invasion remains to be defined.

Trajectory and Functional Analysis of PD-1 CD4CD8 T Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Single-Cell Cytometry and Transcriptome Sequencing.

The spatial heterogeneity of immune microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains elusive. Here, a single-cell study involving 17 432 600 immune cells of 39 matched HCC (T), nontumor (N), and leading-edge (L) specimens by mass cytometry is conducted. The tumor-associated CD4/CD8 double-positive T (DPT) cells are found enriched in L regions with synergetic expression of PD-1/HLA-DR/ICOS/CD45RO and exhibit a higher level of IFN-, TNF-, and PD-1 upon stimulation.

Methylation Status of the Promoter Determines the Switch between Cancer Cells and Cancer Stem Cells.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the main cause of tumor development, metastasis, and relapse. CSCs are thus considered promising targets for cancer therapy. However, it is hard to eradicate CSCs due to their inherent plasticity and heterogeneity, and the underlying mechanism of the switch between non-CSCs and CSCs remains unclear.

Synthesis of crosslinkable diblock terpolymers PDPA--P(NMS--OEG) and preparation of shell-crosslinked pH/redox-dual responsive micelles as smart nanomaterials.

Crosslinked polymer nanomaterials have attracted great attention due to their stability and highly controllable drug delivery; herein, a series of well-defined amphiphilic PDPA--P(NMS--OEG) diblock terpolymers (P1-P3) were designed and prepared RAFT polymerization and were self-assembled into non-cross-linked (NCL) nanomicelles, which were further prepared into shell-cross-linked (SCL) micelles cystamine-based shell cross-linking. Using P3 as an optimized polymer, SCL-P3 micelles were prepared, which demonstrated remarkable pH/redox-dual responsive behaviour. For drug delivery, camptothecin (CPT)-loaded SCL-P3 micelles were prepared and showed much higher CPT-loading capability than their NCL-P3 counterparts.

Epigenetic and therapeutic implications of dnmt3b in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis causes severe debilitation and has few treatment options. Here, we found a small molecule, DNA methyltransferase 3B (Dnmt3b), as a putative therapeutic target, partially rescued osteoarthritic phenotype. Dnmt3b was detected differentially expressed in cell zones of mandibular condylar cartilage and the expression of Dnmt3b decreased in the progression of TMJ osteoarthritis.

Dendrimer-Stabilized Gold Nanoflowers Embedded with Ultrasmall Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Multimode Imaging-Guided Combination Therapy of Tumors.

Development of multifunctional theranostic nanoplatforms with improved diagnostic sensitivity and therapeutic efficiency of tumors still remains a great challenge. A unique multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform based on generation 5 (G5) poly(amidoamine) dendrimer-stabilized gold nanoflowers (NFs) embedded with ultrasmall iron oxide (USIO) nanoparticles (NPs) for multimode -weighted magnetic resonance (MR)/computed tomography (CT)/photoacoustic (PA) imaging-guided combination photothermal therapy (PTT) and radiotherapy (RT) of tumors is reported here. G5 dendrimer-stabilized Au NPs and citric acid-stabilized USIO NPs are separately prepared, the two particles under a certain Fe/Au molar ratio are mixed to form complexes, the complexes are exposed to Au growth solution to form NFs via a seed-mediated manner, and the remaining dendrimer terminal amines are acetylated.

Scaffold-free cartilage cell sheet combined with bone-phase BMSCs-scaffold regenerate osteochondral construct in mini-pig model.

Tissue-engineered condyles provide a promising approach for end-stage osteoarthritis to reconstruct normal physiological structure and function of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). However, lack of successful biological condyles in large animals restricts clinical translation. Scaffold-free cartilage cell sheets do not contain any polymeric material which potentially risks local nonspecific inflammatory reactions.