Psychometric Validation and Determination of the Minimal Clinically Important Difference for Bronchiectasis Health Questionnaire in Adults with Bronchiectasis.

Rationale: The Bronchiectasis Health Questionnaire (BHQ) is a concise, self-administered and disease-specific instrument for measuring health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) in bronchiectasis.

Objectives: To investigate the psychometric properties of simplified Mandarin BHQ and determine the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) as a reliable clinical endpoint for assessing the efficacy of bronchiectasis treatments.

Methods: A longitudinal, randomized controlled trial cohort of 357 patients treated with tobramycin inhalation solution or saline inhalation for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, along with a cross-sectional observational cohort including 436 patients with bronchiectasis were analyzed.

Survival comparison of pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma, adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation, and adenocarcinoma.

Background: Pulmonary adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation (ADE_ned) is a relatively uncommon pathological classification, and there exists considerable debate regarding its prognosis and treatment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the survival difference between patients with neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC), adenocarcinoma (ADE), or ADE_ned and to investigate the prognostic factors influencing the outcomes of individuals diagnosed with pulmonary ADE_ned.

Methods: We retrieved information on 316 cases of ADE_ned, 188,823 cases of ADE, and 71,154 cases of NEC diagnosed between 2004 and 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Recurrence prediction of lung adenocarcinoma using an immune gene expression and clinical data trained and validated support vector machine classifier.

Background: Immune microenvironment plays a critical role in cancer from onset to relapse. Machine learning (ML) algorithm can facilitate the analysis of lab and clinical data to predict lung cancer recurrence. Prompt detection and intervention are crucial for long-term survival in lung cancer relapse.

Comparison of SP263 and 22C3 immunohistochemistry PD-L1 assays for clinical efficacy of adjuvant atezolizumab in non-small cell lung cancer: results from the randomized phase III IMpower010 trial.

Background: Tumor samples from the phase III IMpower010 study were used to compare two programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemistry assays (VENTANA SP263 and Dako 22C3) for identification of PD-L1 patient subgroups (negative, positive, low, and high expression) and their predictive value for adjuvant atezolizumab compared with best supportive care (BSC) in resectable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: PD-L1 expression was assessed by the SP263 assay, which measured the percentage of tumor cells with any membranous PD-L1 staining, and the 22C3 assay, which scored the percentage of viable tumor cells showing partial or complete membranous PD-L1 staining.

Results: When examining the concordance at the PD-L1-positive threshold (SP263: tumor cell (TC)≥1%; 22C3: tumor proportion score (TPS)≥1%), the results were concordant between assays for 83% of the samples.

Overall survival with adjuvant atezolizumab after chemotherapy in resected stage II-IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer (IMpower010): a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase III trial.

Background: IMpower010 (NCT02486718) demonstrated significantly improved disease-free survival (DFS) with adjuvant atezolizumab versus best supportive care (BSC) following platinum-based chemotherapy in the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive and all stage II-IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) populations, at the DFS interim analysis. Results of the first interim analysis of overall survival (OS) are reported here.

Patient And Methods: The design, participants, and primary-endpoint DFS outcomes have been reported for this phase III, open-label, 1 : 1 randomised study of atezolizumab (1200 mg q3w; 16 cycles) versus BSC after adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy (1-4 cycles) in adults with completely resected stage IB (≥4 cm)-IIIA NSCLC (per the Union Internationale Contre le Cancer and American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system, 7th edition).

Treatment options and prognosis of patients with lung squamous cell cancer in situ: a comparative study of lung adenocarcinoma in situ and stage IA lung squamous cell cancer.

Background: Lung squamous cell cancer in situ (LSCIS) is preinvasive squamous tumor and generally overlooked as a potential subtype of pathological and clinical significance, which has seldom been investigated systematically. This study sought to explore the clinical features, prognostic factors, and optimal treatments for LSCIS patients.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with LSCIS (n=449), lung adenocarcinoma in situ (LAIS; n=1,132), stage IA lung squamous cell cancer (LSQCC; n=22,289) and stage IA lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD; n=68,523) were identified in the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database.

Management of venous thromboembolism in patients with lung cancer: a state-of-the-art review.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is common and life-threatening in patients with lung cancer. Management of VTE is critical for patients with lung cancer. Risk assessment, thromboprophylaxis and treatment of VTE constitute the core issues of VTE management in patients with lung cancer.

Spatial multi-omics revealed the impact of tumor ecosystem heterogeneity on immunotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with bispecific antibody.

Background: Immunotherapy for malignant tumors has made great progress, but many patients do not benefit from it. The complex intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) hindered the in-depth exploration of immunotherapy. Conventional bulk sequencing has masked intratumor complexity, preventing a more detailed discovery of the impact of ITH on treatment efficacy.

A novel drainage strategy using chest tube plus pleural catheter in uniportal upper lobectomy: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: In this study we explored whether one pleural catheter plus single chest tube drainage could achieve a noninferior drainage effect when compared with the traditional two chest tubes in uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for an upper pulmonary lobectomy.

Methods: Patients that underwent an upper pulmonary lobectomy from January to November 2020 were enrolled in this single-center, randomized, open-label, noninferiority trial. Prior to closure, patients were randomized to an intervention group who received an improved drainage strategy involving one pleural catheter with one chest tube (24 Fr), while traditional double chest tube drainage was applied for the control group.

LINC00599 influences smoke-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and regulates CSE-induced epithelial cell apoptosis and inflammation by targeting miR-212-5p/BASP1 axis.

LINC00599 has been reported to be upregulated in response to cigarette smoking. However, the effect and underlying mechanism of LINC00599 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are still under exploration. In this study, LINC00599 was upregulated in the COPD patients and was of clinical value to distinguish COPD patients.

Computational recognition of LncRNA signatures in tumor-associated neutrophils could have implications for immunotherapy and prognostic outcome of non-small cell lung cancer.

Cancer immune function and tumor microenvironment are governed by long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Nevertheless, it has yet to be established whether lncRNAs play a role in tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs). Here, a computing framework based on machine learning was used to identify neutrophil-specific lncRNA with prognostic significance in squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma using univariate Cox regression to comprehensively analyze immune, lncRNA, and clinical characteristics.

Adjuvant treatment for patients with incidentally resected limited disease small cell lung cancer-a retrospective study.

Background: With the exception of very early-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC), surgery is not typically recommended for this disease; however, incidental resection still occurs. After incidental resection, adjuvant salvage therapy is widely offered, but the evidence supporting its use is limited. This study aimed to explore proper adjuvant therapy for these incidentally resected SCLC cases.

Efficacy evaluation of surgery combined with chemotherapy for stage IIIA small cell lung cancer patients: a retrospective analysis.

Background: The efficacy of surgery in combination of chemotherapy for stage IIIA small cell lung cancer (IIIA-SCLC) is controversial. The aim of the present study was to analyze the efficacy of surgery combined with chemotherapy, especially in the setting of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by surgery for IIIA-SCLC.

Methods: Between 2004 and 2015, we reviewed 2,199 chemotherapy-treated stage IIIA (N1/2) SCLC cases in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, and 32 NAC + intentional radical resection-treated, centrally-located IIIA-SCLC cases at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital (SPH).

[Comparison and thoughts of the training system for thoracic surgeons].

There is no unified thoracic surgery training system in China, neither in the trainee selection or evaluation, nor in the training curriculum or the graduation requirements. A literature review was performed for available publications regarding international thoracic surgical training. A brief comparison was made regarding the thoracic surgery residency programs in China, Japan, United States and United Kingdom, including training pathway, recruitments, training content, performance assessment and academic experience.

[Association between the presence of solid or micropapillary components and survival outcome in stage ⅠA lung adenocarcinoma cases: a retrospective cohort study].

To examine the influence of the proportion of pathological subtypes on the prognosis of stage ⅠA lung adenocarcinoma cases, and to explore the association between the presence/absence of solid or micropapillary (S/M) components and survival outcome. Totally 321 patients with stage ⅠA lung adenocarcinoma who received complete surgical resection at Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji University Affiliated Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from January 2011 to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 130 males and 191 females, aging 59(11) years ((IQR)) (range: 55 to 66 years).

Feasibility of double sleeve lobectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.

Objectives: This study intends to appraise the feasibility of double sleeve lobectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in central non-small-cell lung cancer with bronchovascular aggression.

Methods: This retrospective study included non-small-cell lung cancer patients who received double sleeve lobectomy from January 2014 to June 2020. Patients were divided into 2 groups: the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group and the non-neoadjuvant chemotherapy group.

Malfunction of airway basal stem cells plays a crucial role in pathophysiology of tracheobronchopathia osteoplastica.

Understanding disease-associated stem cell abnormality has major clinical implications for prevention and treatment of human disorders, as well as for regenerative medicine. Here we report a multifaceted study on airway epithelial stem cells in Tracheobronchopathia Osteochondroplastica (TO), an under-detected tracheobronchial disorder of unknown etiology and lack of specific treatment. Epithelial squamous metaplasia and heterotopic bone formation with abnormal cartilage proliferation and calcium deposits are key pathological hallmarks of this disorder, but it is unknown whether they are coincident or share certain pathogenic mechanisms in common.

Deep convolutional neural network-based classification of cancer cells on cytological pleural effusion images.

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Cytology plays an important role in the initial evaluation and diagnosis of patients with lung cancer. However, due to the subjectivity of cytopathologists and the region-dependent diagnostic levels, the low consistency of liquid-based cytological diagnosis results in certain proportions of misdiagnoses and missed diagnoses.

Left sleeve pneumonectomy via uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic approach.

Left sleeve pneumonectomy is a rarer intervention compared with right sleeve pneumonectomy. It is a challenging surgical therapeutic strategy even when performed through open thoracotomy. Here, we report a case of uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) left sleeve pneumonectomy in a patient with non-small cell lung cancer.

Postoperative radiotherapy improves survival of patients with ypN2 non-small cell lung cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery - A propensity score matching study of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.

Background: For patients with ypN2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery (NCS), the role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) is unclear. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of PORT on survival of ypN2 NSCLC patients after NCS.

Methods: Between 2004 and 2015, patients with ypN2 NSCLC after NCS were filtrated from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Prognostic significance of micropapillary and solid patterns in stage IA lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: To evaluate the value of the non-predominant micropapillary and solid patterns in prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: Totally 422 patients diagnosed with stage IA lung adenocarcinomas were included, and all their slides were reviewed. We compared clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes between MP- & SD- (both micropapillary and solid component were absent), MP+/SD+ (either micropapillary or solid component was present, but the single or combined percentage of the MP and SD was not greater than 50%) and MPp/SDp (either micropapillary or solid or the combined percentage of these two components was great than 50%).

Adjuvant atezolizumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in resected stage IB-IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer (IMpower010): a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Background: Novel adjuvant strategies are needed to optimise outcomes after complete surgical resection in patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We aimed to evaluate adjuvant atezolizumab versus best supportive care after adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy in these patients.

Methods: IMpower010 was a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 3 study done at 227 sites in 22 countries and regions.