Lentinan mitigates ulcerative colitis via the IL-22 pathway to repair the compromised mucosal barrier and enhance antimicrobial defense.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) involves chronic, complex pathology of the intestinal mucosa. Current treatments are limited in efficacy and associated with adverse effects, highlighting the urgent need for improved therapeutic options. Lentinan (LNT), a polysaccharide drug commonly used in clinical immune modulation therapies, shows potential for UC treatment, though its specific targets and mechanisms remain unclear.

Time-restricted feeding mitigates HFD-induced sarcopenic obesity in aging mice through improving the sensitivity of FGF21.

Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is a dietary intervention that has been shown to have numerous health benefits. However, it is important to further investigate the potential effectiveness of TRF in addressing sarcopenic obesity (SO), which is characterized by a combination of age-related obesity and sarcopenia. In this study, 14-month-old C57BL/6J male mice were fed either regular chow diet or high-fat diet (HFD), and had either ad libitum or restricted access to food for 8 hours daily (Intervention for 7 months).

Choline metabolism in ischemic stroke: An underappreciated "two-edged sword".

Ischemic stroke (IS) is an important cause of death and disability worldwide, but the molecular mechanisms involved are not fully understood. In this context, choline metabolism plays an increasingly important role in IS due to its multifaceted mechanisms involving neuroprotection, neuroregeneration, inflammatory response, immune regulation, and long-term health effects. With the deepening of the research on choline and its metabolites, such as trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), scientists have gradually realized its key role in the occurrence, development and potential treatment of IS.

Differential tissue and cellular distribution of chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 in grey/white matters of healthy and simian immunodeficiency virus infected monkey.

Previous studies have shown that CCL2 concentration is higher in cerebrospinal fluid than in plasma of health and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals, suggesting an extra source of CCL2 in brain. Brain cellular CCL2 has been broadly studied in cultured cells and its in-vivo cellular distribution has been investigated in rodent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model. However, its cellular distribution in grey and white matter (GM, WM) remains elusive.

Hypoxia inducible factor-1α drives cancer resistance to cuproptosis.

Cuproptosis represents a new type of cell death that intricately associated with copper homeostasis and protein lipoylation. The cuproptosis suppression has been characterized in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME). Here we reveal that hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a driver of cuproptosis resistance in solid tumor.

Surface-engineered nanofiltration membranes for sustainable lithium recovery from real brine: Addressing fouling and scaling challenges.

Nanofiltration (NF) membranes hold great promise for lithium (Li) recovery from brines, with numerous studies focusing on improving Li/Mg separation performance. However, real brine environments pose significant challenges, as fouling and scaling severely hinder Li recovery efficiency. Despite their critical impact, these challenges have received limited attention.

Biocompatibility and therapeutic efficacy of crosslinked hydrogel filled 3D-printed nerve conduit for sacral nerve injury repair.

Neurological system injuries are debilitating conditions that significantly impact patients' quality of life. This study investigated using a polycaprolactone (PCL) nerve conduit loaded with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) hydrogel and neural stem cells (NSCs) for treating sacral nerve injury (SNI) in rats to explore its neural repair effects. The results demonstrate that the combined transplantation therapy using a 3D printed scaffold filled with crosslinked hydrogel and NSCs effectively improves SNI, with the PCL Nerve conduit showing potential promotion of neuronal differentiation.

Anethole trithione mitigates LPS/D-Gal-induced acute liver injury by suppressing ROS production and NF-κB activity.

Acute liver injury (ALI) is a prevalent form of hepatic disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to medical treatments, exposure to toxins or viral infections. Anethole trithione (ATT) is a heterocyclic sulfur compound recognized for its chemoprotective properties against cancer and drug-induced toxicity. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ATT in the treatment of ALI.

Citrulline regulates macrophage metabolism and inflammation to counter aging in mice.

Metabolic dysregulation and altered metabolite concentrations are widely recognized as key characteristics of aging. Comprehensive exploration of endogenous metabolites that drive aging remains insufficient. Here, we conducted an untargeted metabolomics analysis of aging mice, revealing citrulline as a consistently down-regulated metabolite associated with aging.

Clinical Manifestations of Ocular Toxoplasmosis in Hubei, China: Case Series.

Objective: The clinical features, disease course and visual outcomes of toxoplasmosis are less commonly reported in China than in other countries. To reduce misdiagnosis and improve visual function, the clinical characteristics, management and visual outcomes of 13 cases of ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) were described.

Methods: This retrospective study included 14 eyes of 13 patients who were diagnosed with OT in Hubei, China.

Perspectives and clinical practices on fertility preservation for young hematologic patients: a qualitative study of healthcare providers across multiple hospitals in China.

Purpose: This study aims to understand healthcare providers' (HCPs) perspective and clinical practices regarding fertility preservation in young hematologic patients, particularly from hematology, reproductive medicine, and ethics committee professionals.

Methods: An empirical phenomenological approach was employed. HCPs were recruited from the hematology, reproductive medicine, and ethics committee professionals of eight tertiary hospitals in China using purposive sampling.

A preliminary follow-up study on irreversible electroporation therapy in older patients with prostate cancer.

Background: Prostate cancer is a prevalent condition among older males, with radical prostatectomy being the standard treatment. However, this procedure can inevitably impact urinary and sexual functions. Irreversible electroporation represents an innovative therapeutic approach that employs high-voltage electrical pulses to selectively eradicate tumor cells, potentially preserving vital normal tissue.

USP5 Deletion Inhibits KD Serum Induced-Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cell Dysfunction by Regulating the NFATC1/TLR4-Mediated NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Kawasaki Disease.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile illness characterized by systemic vasculitis, especially in coronary arteries. Previous studies have indicated that nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATC1, also known as NFAT2) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of KD. However, the molecular mechanism of NFATC1 involved in KD is poorly defined.

Effect of Remimazolam on Cellular Immune Response and Postoperative Recovery in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Colorectal Cancer Surgery.

We aimed to evaluate the effect of remimazolam-based general anesthesia on cellular immune function and postoperative recovery quality in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical colorectal cancer surgery. A total of 90 patients scheduled for elective laparoscopic colorectal cancer radical surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups: the remimazolam group (Group R) and the propofol group (Group P), with 45 patients in each group. Anesthesia induction in Group R involved intravenous remimazolam, and in Group P, intravenous propofol until the loss of consciousness (modified observer's assessment of alertness/sedation [MOAA/S] score 1-2).

Gut microbiota alteration was related to subclinical hypothyroidism and dyslipidemia in mice.

Gut microbiota has a close connection to different thyroid disorders, yet research on its links to subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) remains limited and insufficient. In this study, we explored the potential relationship between the gut microbiota and SCH, as well as dyslipidemia in SCH mice. The SCH mouse model was induced using methimazole.

Enhancing Silica Scaling Resistance and Perm-Selectivity of Reverse Osmosis Membranes via Increased Charge Density and Suppressed Coordination Capacity.

Silica scaling poses a substantial challenge in the advanced treatment of industrial wastewater by reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, while the existing methods modifying RO membranes to enhance antisilica scaling performance often compromise water permeance. Herein, we fabricated a sulfonated RO membrane (SLRO) using sodium lignosulfonate as a comonomer, achieving an enhanced charge density and reduced coordination capacity. SLRO exhibited superior antisilica scaling performance, reducing scaling rates by ∼145, ∼166, and ∼157% under acidic, neutral, and alkaline conditions compared to the control.

A KCNQ4 Gene Variant (c.701A > G; p.His234Arg) in a Chinese Family With Nonsyndromic Deafness 2A.

Background: KCNQ4 is a common genetic cause of nonsyndromic autosomal dominant hearing loss. We have identified the family in China with a KCNQ4 (c.701A>G; p.

Role of lysine lactylation in neoplastic and inflammatory pulmonary diseases (Review).

Protein lysine lactylation is a ubiquitous and post‑translational modification of lysine residues that involves the addition of a lactyl group on both histone and non‑histone proteins. This process plays a pivotal role in human health and disease and was first discovered in 2019. This epigenetic modification regulates gene transcription from chromatin or directly influences non‑histone proteins by modulating protein‑DNA/protein interactions, activity and stability.

Role of GLP‑1 receptor agonists in sepsis and their therapeutic potential in sepsis‑induced muscle atrophy (Review).

Sepsis‑induced myopathy (SIM) is a common complication in intensive care units, which is often associated with adverse outcomes, primarily manifested as skeletal muscle weakness and atrophy. Currently, the management of SIM focuses on prevention strategies, as effective therapeutic options remain elusive. Glucagon‑like peptide‑1 (GLP‑1) receptor agonists (GLP‑1RAs) have garnered attention as hypoglycemic and weight‑loss agents, with an increasing body of research focusing on the extrapancreatic effects of GLP‑1.

Multimodal Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Microbial InDels as Superior Biomarkers for Pediatric Crohn's Disease.

Background And Aims: The gut microbiome is closely associated with pediatric Crohn's disease (CD), while the multidimensional microbial signature and their capabilities for distinguishing pediatric CD are underexplored. This study aims to characterize the microbial alterations in pediatric CD and develop a robust classification model.

Methods: A total of 1,175 fecal metagenomic sequencing samples, predominantly from three cohorts of pediatric CD patients, were re-analyzed from raw sequencing data using uniform process pipelines to obtain multidimensional microbial alterations in pediatric CD, including taxonomic profiles, functional profiles, and multi-type genetic variants.

FN1 Immunoregulation in Glioblastoma: Insights From Neutrophil-Centric Studies.

Neutrophils, as key components of the tumor microenvironment, play a crucial role in cancer progression and prognosis. This study aimed to identify a neutrophil-related gene signature to improve prognostic predictions and explore potential immunotherapy targets for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients. Through co-expression analysis, 60 neutrophil-associated genes were identified, showing significant enrichment in 159 Gene Ontology terms and eight KEGG pathways.

NK cells in renal cell carcinoma and its implications for CAR-NK therapy.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a malignancy that makes up 3% of adult cancers and 20%-30% of patients were diagnosed with metastatic RCC in the beginning, while the median overall survival (OS) of metastatic RCC systemic therapy ranges from 16 months to 50 months. Immunotherapy, a novel therapy that relies on the specific binding of immune cells and tumor cells, may be a potential therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma. While chimeric antigen receptor NK-cell (CAR-NK) therapy has been investigated in a variety of solid tumors, specific research on its application to RCC has also been reported by several teams.

Development of a prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma based on microvascular invasion characteristic genes by spatial transcriptomics sequencing.

Microvascular invasion (MVI) is an independent risk factor for the recurrence and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), associated with poor prognosis. Thus, MVI has significant clinical value for the treatment selection and prognosis assessment of patients with HCC. However, there is no reliable and precise method for assessing the postoperative prognosis of MVI patients.

The impact of diabetes on chronic pain in different body regions among adults aged 50 and older: a cross-sectional analysis.

Objective: This study investigates the association between diabetes and chronic pain across various body regions in individuals aged 50 years and older, while assessing the influence of gender, hypertension status, age, and glycemic control on this relationship.

Methods: Data from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) database included 10,315 participants, with 1,983 diabetic and 8,332 non-diabetic individuals. Logistic regression models assessed the relationship between diabetes and chronic pain, adjusting for confounders.