Cost Shifting in Lung Cancer Inpatient Care Under Diagnosis-Intervention Packet Reform: A Pilot Study in China.

Purpose: China has developed and widely implemented an innovative case-based payment method for inpatient services under a regional global budget, termed the "Diagnosis-Intervention Packet" (DIP). This study aims to examine cost-shifting behaviour in lung cancer inpatient care under the DIP reform.

Methods: This study examines the impact of the DIP reform in Zunyi, a national pilot city, using double machine learning (DML).

Nicking enzyme assisted amplification combined with CRISPR-Cas12a system for one-pot sensitive detection of APE1.

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is a critical enzyme in the base excision repair (BER) pathway, essential for preserving cellular equilibrium. Variations in APE1 activity within blood or tissues can provide significant insights for clinical cancer screening and disease diagnosis. Consequently, the detection of APE1 activity is critical for clinical diagnostics.

The Landscape of m6A RNA Methylation in Skin Diseases.

Skin diseases encompass a diverse range of conditions with significant psychological and physiological impacts. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation is a key epitranscriptomic modification that regulates gene expression by influencing RNA stability, splicing, translation, export, and degradation. Recent studies have highlighted the crucial role of m6A modification in the pathogenesis and progression of various skin diseases.

[Safety and efficacy of mitoxantrone liposome combined chemotherapy in the treatment of mixed phenotype acute leukemia].

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of mitoxantrone liposome (MIT-LIP) combined chemotherapy in treating mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) . December 2021 to November 2024, MPAL patients who underwent the MAED (MIT-LIP + cytarabine + etoposide + dexamethasone) regimen were retrospectively analyzed. Data on clinical characteristics, adverse reactions, therapeutic outcomes, and long-term prognoses were collected.

[Strengthen the construction of hematological intensive care unit to comprehensively improve the prognosis of patients with hematological critical illnesses].

The survival time of patients with hematological malignancies has improved significantly in recent years; however, the incidence of severe complications has also increased and may escalate rapidly alongside the progression of the primary disease. The establishment of a hematology intensive care unit (HCU) is of great clinical significance for early identification, centralized monitoring and management of hematological critically ill patients, leveraging the advantages of specialties, accurately controlling the condition, and improving the level of diagnosis and treatment in hematology. It is recommended that blood centers with adequate resources actively establish HCUs to enhance the prognosis of patients with hematological critical illnesses.

One-Dose Bioorthogonal Gadolinium Nanoprobes for Prolonged Radiosensitization of Tumor.

Developing effective radiotherapy is impeded by tumor radioresistance, imprecise treatment, and the need for accurate imaging. Herein, a multifunctional gadolinium-based nanoprobe (GBD) is presented, integrating bioorthogonal click chemistry and theranostics to enhance tumor retention, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast, and radiosensitivity. GBD synthesis involved biomimetic mineralization of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with gadolinium ions to form nanoparticles (GB), followed by conjugation with dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO).

Emestrin-type epipolythiodioxopiperazines from Aspergillus nidulans with cytotoxic activities by regulating PI3K/AKT and mitochondrial apoptotic pathways.

Five novel emestrin-type epipolythiodioxopiperazines (ETPs), prenylemestrins C-G (1-5), along with two known ETPs, prenylemestrin A (6) and prenylemestrin B (7), were obtained from Aspergillus nidulans. Their structures were characterized by spectroscopic data, X-ray crystallographic data, ECD comparisons and calculations. Prenylemestrins C-G (1 - 5) represent a rare class of ETPs, characterized by a 2,5-dithia-7,9-diazabicyclo[4.

Sour neuronal signalling attenuates macrophage mediated liver injury.

Background: Liver injury, a common pathophysiological basis of various liver diseases, is associated with inflammation. Hepatic nerves regulate inflammation. However, the specific signals that trigger inflammation and methods to treat inflammation by targeting nerves remain unknown.

Rhythm- and sex-dependent lipid accumulation in Drosophila melanogaster by phthalates.

Phthalates (PAEs) have been linked to obesity prevalence. Their obesogenic effects were influenced by sexes and rhythm, while the underlying mechanisms remained to be explored. In the present study, dimethyl phthalate (DMP), dioctyl phthalate (DOP), diisopentyl phthalate (DIPP) and diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) were chosen as the PAEs' representatives, and their obesogenic effects were measured in Drosophila melanogaster with consideration on sleep and eclosion rhythms and sex-dependent differences.

Circulating MicroRNAs in Association with Urinary Arsenic: A Community-Based Multi-Center Study in China.

The profile of plasma miRNAs in association with arsenic exposure remains largely unclear. We aim to identify plasma miRNAs assoicated with urinary arsenic using a two-stage design in Chinese population. The discovery group, Shimen panel, consists of 19 high vs.

Exposure to green space and leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number in children and adolescents.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is vulnerable to environmental exposure and is related to various diseases. However, the relationship of green space exposure with mtDNA copy number (mtDNAcn) is not yet well clarified. In this study, we sought to explore how green space exposure influences mtDNAcn in children and adolescents.

Vegetation morphology and phytobiology intervene in heavy metal contamination of surface sediments in Yangtze River Estuary.

Accumulation of heavy metals in estuaries can represent potential risks to the aquatic environment and public health. Estuarine coastal vegetation's physical form and biological function have important effects on dynamic processes and migration of pollutants in estuaries. Field observations were conducted at sites SJG and LHK in the Yangtze River Estuary (YRE) from September 2021 to February 2022 and September 2022 to December 2022.

Colonic J-Pouch vs. straight colorectal reconstruction after anal preservation surgery for ultra-low rectal cancer: A prospective cohort study on quality of life and bowel function.

Background: Patients with ultra-low rectal cancer who underwent sphincter-preserving surgery are at high risk of poor anal function. Sphincter preservation in ultra-low rectal cancer poses significant challenges, and there is limited research exploring the impact of colonic J-pouch reconstruction on anal function in such patients. Given these challenges, the objective of this study was to assess the impact of colonic J-pouch reconstruction on quality of life and bowel function in patients who underwent sphincter-preserving surgery for ultra-low rectal cancer.

The interactive application and impacts of iron/nitrogen biogeochemical cycling in distributed ponds for non-point source pollution control in a watershed.

The linkages of distributed ponds are utilized in conjunction with one another to remediate non-point source (NPS) pollution in a water-scarce basin. This study provides an overview of a state-of-the-art thorough evaluation of ponds, which offers insight into the majority of topics covered by the ongoing scientific studies, including their various functions and factors affecting their functioning on the hydrological, physicochemical, and biological processes, such as environmental climate factors and basin-specific landscape configuration parameters, as well as process parameters for design, operation and management aspects. The linkages of ponds provide a variety of sustainable services (6R functions), such as resources, restoration, reduction, reuse, recycling, and recovery.

Environmental implications of improving global value chain participation via trade diversification: Offsetting the effects of resource rents.

This study explores the moderating effect of trade diversification on the relationship between global value-chain participation and natural resource rents for 106 nations from 2005 to 2018. The study employs an extended system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) model to address potential challenges related to endogeneity and serial correlation. The results demonstrate how natural resource rents inhibit global value-chain participation by multinational firms, deterring them from investing in resource-dependent economies and restricting their integration into global trade networks.

Efficacy and Safety of 611 in Chinese Adults with Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis: Results from a Phase II Trial.

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. 611, a humanized monoclonal antibody, selectively targets the interleukin (IL)-4 receptor alpha, thereby inhibiting the signaling of both interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13. This phase 2 study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 611 in Chinese adults with moderate-to-severe AD.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma prevents activation of RBL-2H3 cells by inhibiting FcεRI-mediated signal transduction.

Background: Mast cells are essential contributors to the pathophysiology of allergic diseases. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) has recently been identified as being involved in the anti-inflammatory response by inhibiting mast cell activation.

Method: In this study, the PPAR-γ agonist pioglitazone (PIO) was employed to evaluate the effects of PPAR-γ on the degranulation and production of pro-inflammatory mediators in RBL-2H3 cells.

Chimeric Ad5/35 oncolytic adenovirus overcome preexisting neutralizing antibodies and enhance tumor targeting efficiency.

KD01, a third-generation conditionally replicating adenovirus serotype 5 developed by our team, has approved by the China Center for Drug Evaluation (CDE) for Phase I clinical trials (NCT06552598). However, 60% seroprevalence of anti-Ad5 neutralizing antibodies is a major hurdle for Ad5-based oncolytic viruses. To address this issue, we developed oAd5/35-HF, a fourth-generation oncolytic adenovirus vector designed to enhance infection efficiency and evade pre-existing neutralizing antibodies (NABs).

Prevotella copri-produced 5-aminopentanoic acid promotes pediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Background: Recent studies suggest an association between the expansion of Prevotella copri and the disease severity in children with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We aimed to investigate the causative role and molecular mechanisms of P. copri in pediatric MASLD.

Changes of Pericoronary Adipose Tissue in Stable Heart Transplantation Recipients and Comparison with Controls.

Rationale And Objectives: Pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) is a key cardiovascular risk biomarker, yet its temporal changes after heart transplantation (HT) and comparison with controls remain unclear. This study investigates the temporal changes of PCAT in stable HT recipients and compares it to controls.

Materials And Methods: In this study, we analyzed 159 stable HT recipients alongside two control groups.

Ivonescimab versus pembrolizumab for PD-L1-positive non-small cell lung cancer (HARMONi-2): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 study in China.

Background: Ivonescimab is a bispecific antibody against programmed cell death protein 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor, yielding promising clinical outcomes for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer in early-phase studies. We compared the efficacy and safety of ivonescimab with pembrolizumab in patients with programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1)-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods: HARMONi-2 is a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial across 55 hospitals in China.

The path winds along isolation and analyses of fetal nucleated red blood cells in maternal peripheral blood: Past, present, and future toward non-invasive prenatal diagnosis.

Traditional prenatal diagnosis detects fetal disorders through invading uterus to access fetal cells, which may cause maternal complications, fetal injury, and even miscarriage. Safe and convenient non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) by analyzing fetal materials (cell-free DNA/RNA, cells, and extracellular vesicles) that circulate in maternal peripheral blood attracts great attention and has been applied in risk evaluation of several fetal disorders. Among those fetal analytes, fetal nucleated red blood cells (fNRBCs) comprise entire fetal genome, possess distinct membrane antigens, and have a lifespan limited in every single gestation.

Boosting the antibacterial potency of natural products through nanotechnologies.

The advent of bacterial resistance has led to a notable challenge in effectively treating bacterial infections. This highlights the urgent need for the development of novel and effective drugs to combat bacterial infections. Medicinal plants, with their rich and diverse natural compounds, represent a valuable source for the discovery of novel antibacterial agents.

Selective depletion of CCR8+Treg cells enhances anti-tumor immunity of cytotoxic T cells in lung cancer via dendritic cells.

Accumulation of regulatory T (Treg) cells, an immunosuppressive population, limits the efficacy of immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 8 (CCR8) is selectively expressed in tumor-infiltrating Treg cells and, thus considered an ideal target. Across four NSCLC-bearing mice models, the combination of CCR8 antibody and programmed cell death protein-1 (PD1) inhibitor significantly reduced tumor growth without obvious mouse body weight drops and systemic cytokine storm.

Evolution of KoRV-A transcriptional silencing in wild koalas.

Koala retrovirus-A (KoRV-A) is spreading through wild koalas in a north-to-south wave while transducing the germ line, modifying the inherited genome as it transitions to an endogenous retrovirus. Previously, we found that KoRV-A is expressed in the germ line, but unspliced genomic transcripts are processed into sense-strand PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), which may provide an initial "innate" form of post-transcriptional silencing. Here, we show that this initial post-transcriptional response is prevalent south of the Brisbane River, whereas KoRV-A expression is suppressed, promoters are methylated, and sense and antisense piRNAs are equally abundant in a subpopulation of animals north of the river.