Docetaxel-Loaded Electrospun Nanofibrous Mats for Local Chemotherapy Targeting Positive Surgical Margins in Prostate Cancer.

Positive surgical margins following radical prostatectomy significantly contribute to tumor recurrence. While systemic chemotherapy demonstrates limited efficacy in this context, local chemotherapy drug delivery systems based on nanomaterials offer promising strategies to address this issue by modifying drug release kinetics and distribution, thereby enhancing antitumor effects while minimizing the toxicities associated with systemic chemotherapy. In this study, we utilized electrospun nanofibrous mats loaded with docetaxel for sustained drug delivery.

Heterogeneous cellular responses to hyperthermia support combined intraperitoneal hyperthermic immunotherapy for ovarian cancer mouse models.

The benefit of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in ovarian cancer remains controversial, hindering the development of rational combination therapies based on hyperthermia (HT). This study reports the preliminary results of the neoadjuvant HIPEC (NHIPEC) trial (ChiCTR2000038173), demonstrating enhanced tumor response in high-grade serous ovarian cancer with NHIPEC. Through single-cell RNA sequencing analysis, we identified both homogeneous and heterogeneous cellular responses to HT within the tumor and microenvironment.

FAP-catalyzed in situ self-assembly of magnetic resonance imaging probe for early and precise staging of liver fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis is an inevitable stage in the progression of most chronic liver diseases. Early diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis are crucial for effectively managing chronic liver conditions. However, there lacks a noninvasive and sensitive imaging method capable of early assessing fibrosis activity.

Study on the failure of oil-contaminated wheel-rail conditions.

The phenomenon of adhesion improvement during wheel-rail sliding has been experimentally verified under water conditions. However, the academic community is in agreement that, for oil that is also fluid, the adhesion characteristic curve under oil conditions exhibits a single peak, making adhesion improvement through wheel-rail sliding impossible. To investigate whether a similar adhesion improvement phenomenon exists under high-viscosity oil medium conditions as observed under water condition, this study conducted wheel-rail adhesion tests on oil-contaminated interfaces within a slip ratio up to 80%.

Dietary risk factors in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis: a cohort study with paired healthy relatives as controls.

Purpose: Conflicting results have been reported on dietary factors in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Here, we compared the dietary intakes of IBD patients with those of paired healthy relatives (HRs), aiming to minimize the impact of genetic and environmental confounders.

Methods: Patients with Crohn's disease (CD, N = 45) and ulcerative colitis (UC, N = 20), their paired HRs (N = 45, N = 20) and healthy non-relative (HNR, N = 25, N = 55) controls were recruited.

Comparing oncologic outcomes of partial and radical nephrectomy for T2 renal cell carcinoma: a propensity score matching cohort study and an external multicenter validation.

Purpose: There is very limited evidence on the optimal surgical treatment for patients with larger T2 renal tumors. This study aims to evaluate the oncologic outcomes of partial nephrectomy (PN) and radical nephrectomy (RN) in T2 renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Methods: A retrospective data analysis was conducted on T2 RCC patients who underwent PN or RN between 2004 and 2019 using the SEER database, and validated with data from multiple centers in China from 2014 to 2019.

CD16CD56 NK Cells: A Protective NK Cell Subset for Progression and Prognosis in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a non-neuron-autonomous disease where peripheral immune dysregulation significantly impacts disease progression. However, the immunopathological mechanisms of natural killer (NK) cells in ALS remain largely unexplored. This study enrolled 241 ALS patients and 102 healthy controls (HC), analyzing lymphocyte subsets, including T cells, B cells, and NK cells.

Room-Temperature Synthesis of Carbon Nanochains via the Wurtz Reaction.

In the field of surface synthesis, various reactions driven by the catalytic effect of metal substrates, particularly the Ullmann reaction, have been thoroughly investigated. The Wurtz reaction facilitates the coupling of alkyl halides through the removal of halogen atoms with a low energy barrier on the surface; however, the preparation of novel carbon nanostructures via the Wurtz reaction has been scarcely reported. Here, we report the successful synthesis of ethyl-bridged binaphthyl molecular chains on Ag(111) at room temperature via the Wurtz reaction.

Socioeconomic Inequalities in PM Exposure and Local Source Contributions at Community Scales Using Hyper-Localized Taxi-Based Mobile Monitoring in Xi'an, China.

The relationship between the socioeconomic status (SES) and PM exposure is rather inconclusive. We employed taxi-based measurements with 30 m resolution to characterize PM exposure with local source contribution (PM adjusted concentration) discerned for 2019 winter and 2020 summer, in Xi'an. A big data set comprising ∼6 × 10 hourly PM measurements and SES data from ∼5000 communities was utilized to examine the socioeconomic inequalities in community-level PM exposure.

LncRNA-DANCR Promotes ESCC Progression and Function as ceRNA to Regulate DDIT3 Expression by Sponging microRNA-3193.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as crucial regulators of cancer development and progression. Among them, Differentiation Antagonizing Non-Protein Coding RNA (DANCR) has been implicated in various malignancies, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study explores the clinical characteristics, prognostic implications, functional roles, and molecular mechanisms of DANCR in ESCC.

Case Report: PFAPA (Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and Cervical Adenitis) Syndrome With a Novel TNFAIP3 Mutation.

Background: Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome has been considered as a childhood syndrome. Its etiopathogeny is unknown however, currently considered as auto-immune inflammatory disease. Recently, a few cases of adult-onset of PFAPA syndrome have been reported.

Exploring the exercise intensity equivalent to the anaerobic threshold in patients with acute myocardial infarction based on the 6-minute walk test distance.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between aerobic exercise intensity based on the 6 min walk test (6MWT) and the anaerobic threshold (AT)-based equivalent in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The feasibility of using the 6MWT for exercise prescription in primary care settings was also investigated.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from AMI patients, including statistics on all values of the cardiopulmonary exercise test and 6MWT parameters.

Prevalence, incidence and modifiable factors for subtypes of mild cognitive impairment: results from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in China.

Background: As the population in China rapidly ages, the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is increasing considerably. However, the causes of MCI vary. The continued lack of understanding of the various subtypes of MCI impedes the implementation of effective measures to reduce the risk of advancing to more severe cognitive diseases.

Multifunctional hydrogel loaded with 4-octyl itaconate and exosomes to induce bone regeneration for diabetic infected bone defect via Keap1-Nrf2 pathway.

Diabetic infected bone defect remains a great challenge in clinical practice, with delayed healing characterized by bacterial infection and cellular disfunction caused by oxidative stress. Hence, a novel self-healing multifunctional Ag@PEG-4OI/EXO hydrogel is introduced for improving healing of diabetic infected bone defect. 4-octyl itaconate, a derivative of the metabolite itaconate, has been proved that which performs antioxidant and mitochondria-protected properties.

Research progress of T cells in cholangiocarcinoma.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a malignant tumor, is typically challenging to detect early and often results in a poor prognosis. In recent years, research interest has grown in the potential application of immunotherapy for CCA treatment. T cells, as a crucial component of the immune system, play a significant role in immune surveillance and therapy for cholangiocarcinoma.

SNS‑032 combined with decitabine induces caspase‑3/gasdermin E‑dependent pyroptosis in breast cancer cells.

SNS-032 is a synthetic compound that specifically inhibits cyclin-dependent kinases 2, 7 and 9. Its primary anticancer activity involves cell cycle arrest, which prevents tumor cell growth. However, there are limited reports on whether SNS-032 induces pyroptosis, a novel inflammation-mediated programmed cell death pathway in breast cancer (BC).

Investigation of the Impact Factors and Efficacy of N-Butylphthalide (NBP) on Functional Outcomes Following Mechanical Thrombectomy in Stroke Patients.

Background: Ischemic stroke was a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has improved acute ischemic stroke treatment by restoring blood flow in large vessel occlusions. Yet, reperfusion injury remains a challenge, necessitating adjunctive neuroprotective strategies to enhance recovery.

Relating Solute-Membrane Electrostatic Interactions to Solute Permeability in Reverse Osmosis Membranes.

Despite the widespread use of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes in water desalination, the role of solute-membrane interactions in solute transport remains complex and relatively not well understood. This study elucidates the relationship between solute-membrane electrostatic interactions and solute permeability in RO membranes. The transport of salt and neutral molecules through charged polyamide (PA) and uncharged cellulose triacetate (CTA) RO membranes was examined.

p53 inhibits OTUD5 transcription to promote GPX4 degradation and induce ferroptosis in gastric cancer.

Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors within the digestive system, and ferroptosis playing a crucial role in its progression. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), a key negative regulator of ferroptosis, is highly expressed in gastric cancer and contributes to tumor growth. Targeting the regulation of GPX4 has emerged as a promising approach to induce ferroptosis and develop effective therapy for gastric cancer.

Post-marketing safety of elacestrant in breast cancer: a pharmacovigilance investigation using the FDA adverse event reporting system.

Background: Recently, the US Food and Drug Administration approved a new oral selective estrogen receptor downregulator for breast cancer, namely, elacestrant (Orserdu). This study aimed to analyze the signals of adverse events (AEs) within the introduction of elacestrant to the market using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Methods: Reports on the AEs of elacestrant after its marketing were obtained from the FAERS database.

Efficacy and safety of gastrodin in preventing postoperative delirium following cardiac surgery: a randomized placebo controlled clinical trial.

Background: Delirium and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) are common complications post-cardiac surgery, yet no specific medical intervention is currently recommended for prevention. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of gastrodin infusion in preventing delirium and POCD in critically ill patients following cardiac surgery.

Material And Methods: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted on patients aged 18-75, scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery, with or without valve replacement.

Beyond the itch: the complex interplay of immune, neurological, and psychological factors in chronic urticaria.

Chronic urticaria (CU) arises from a multifaceted interplay of immunological, neurological, and psychological components. Immune dysregulation, mediated through both immunoglobulin E (IgE)-dependent and IgE-independent pathways, plays a pivotal role in CU pathogenesis, involving key effector cells such as mast cells (MCs), basophils, and eosinophils. This dysregulation culminates in the release of histamine, prostaglandins, and other mediators, which precipitate pruritus.

Mitochondria-targeted nanovesicles for ursodeoxycholic acid delivery to combat neurodegeneration by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction.

Mitochondria are pivotal in sustaining oxidative balance and metabolic activity within neurons. It is well-established that mitochondrial dysfunction constitutes a fundamental pathogenic mechanism in neurodegeneration, especially in the context of Parkinson's disease (PD), this represents a promising target for therapeutic intervention. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a clinical drug used for liver disease, possesses antioxidant and mitochondrial repair properties.