Sirt1 Protects Subventricular Zone-Derived Neural Stem Cells from DNA Double-Strand Breaks and Contributes to Olfactory Function Maintenance in Aging Mice.

DNA damage is assumed to accumulate in stem cells over time and their ability to withstand this damage and maintain tissue homeostasis is the key determinant of aging. Nonetheless, relatively few studies have investigated whether DNA damage does indeed accumulate in stem cells and whether this contributes to stem cell aging and functional decline. Here, we found that, compared with young mice, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are reduced in the subventricular zone (SVZ)-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) of aged mice, which was achieved partly through the adaptive upregulation of Sirt1 expression and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)-mediated DNA repair.

Efficacy and safety of CD19-specific CAR T cell-based therapy in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients with CNSL.

Few studies have described chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) with central nervous system leukemia (CNSL) because of concerns regarding poor response and treatment-related neurotoxicity. Our study included 48 patients with relapsed/refractory B-ALL with CNSL to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CD19-specific CAR T cell-based therapy. The infusion resulted in an overall response rate of 87.

The role of non-coding RNAs in ferroptosis regulation.

Ferroptosis is a newly recognized form of cell death that is distinct from apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy in morphology, biochemistry, and heredity. The basic process of ferroptosis involves disordered permeability of plasma membrane, which is caused by abnormal accumulation of lipids and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis is important due to its involvement in tumor progression, neurotoxicity, neurodegenerative diseases, acute renal failure, and ischemia-reperfusion injury.

ATM modulates subventricular zone neural stem cell maintenance and senescence through Notch signaling pathway.

Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) plays an essential role in DNA damage response and the maintenance of genomic stability. However, the role of ATM in regulating the function of adult neural stem cells (NSCs) remains unclear. Here we report that ATM deficiency led to accumulated DNA damage and decreased DNA damage repair capacity in neural progenitor cells.

Magnetic Seizure Therapy Compared to Electroconvulsive Therapy for Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) is a potential alternative to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). However, reports on the use of MST for patients with schizophrenia, particularly in developing countries, which is a main indication for ECT, are limited. From February 2017 to July 2018, 79 inpatients who met the DSM-5 criteria for schizophrenia were randomized to receive 10 sessions of MST (43 inpatients) or ECT (36 inpatients) over the course of 4 weeks.

Dnmt3a is downregulated by Stat5a and mediates G0/G1 arrest by suppressing the miR-17-5p/Cdkn1a axis in Jak2 cells.

Background: Despite of the frequently reported Dnmt3a abormality in classical myeloproliferative neoplasms (cMPNs) patients, few research explores how the Dnmt3a is regulated by Jak2 mutation. In this study, we have investigated how the Dnmt3a is regulated by Jak2 mutation and its effects on downstream signaling pathways in cMPNs.

Methods: Specimens of Jak2 positive cMPN patients and normal controls were collected.

A comprehensive genome-wide analysis of long non-coding RNA and mRNA expression profiles of JAK2V617F-positive classical myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Aberrant expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is involved in the progression of myeloid neoplasms, but the role of lncRNAs in the JAK2V617F-positive subtype of classical myeloproliferative neoplasms (cMPNs) remains unclear. This study was conducted to clarify the expression and regulation patterns of lncRNAs in JAK2V617F-positive cMPNs, and to explore new potential carcinogenic factors of cMPNs. Bioinformatics analysis of microarray detection and wet testing verification were performed to study the expression and regulation signature of differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) and related genes (DEGs) in cMPNs.

Comparison of Residual Depressive Symptoms, Functioning, and Quality of Life Between Patients with Recurrent Depression and First Episode Depression After Acute Treatment in China.

Objective: This prospective study aimed to investigate the prognosis and rehabilitation of patients with recurrent depression and first episode depression after acute treatment in China.

Methods: A total of 434 patients with first-episode or recurrent depression who received acute treatment respectively from sixteen hospitals in thirteen cities in China were enrolled in this prospective study. All patients were followed up for 6 months after acute treatment.

Asymptomatic gastric adenomyoma and heterotopic pancreas in a patient with pancreatic cancer: A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Gastric adenomyoma (GA) is a rare submucosal benign neoplasm that occurs mostly in the gastric antrum and is often misdiagnosed. No standard treatment has been established for this disease in cases of malignancy.

Case Summary: A 75-year-old woman with a 10-year history of hypertension was admitted to the Emergency Department of our hospital complaining of paroxysmal exacerbation of acute abdominal pain for 1 d with no apparent cause.

Altered EEG microstate dynamics in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: Resting-state EEG microstate is a promising neurophysiological tool to explore the temporal dynamics of cognitive activity. Till now, the microstate syntax is far from being fully understood in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aim to investigate the possible explanation for the alterations of transition probabilities in microstate syntax between different stages of cognitive impairment.

Chiglitazar monotherapy with sitagliptin as an active comparator in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial (CMAS).

Chiglitazar (Carfloglitazar) is a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pan-agonist that has shown promising effects on glycemic control and lipid regulation in patients with type 2 diabetes. In this randomized phase 3 trial, we compared the efficacy and safety of chiglitazar with sitagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes who had insufficient glycemic control despite a strict diet and exercise regimen. Eligible patients were randomized (1:1:1) to receive chiglitazar 32 mg (n = 245), chiglitazar 48 mg (n = 246), or sitagliptin 100 mg (n = 248) once daily for 24 weeks.

[Reasons of the guide pin eccentricity of helical blade during proximal femoral nail anti-rotation internal fixation for femoral intertrochanteric fractures].

Objective: To analyze the reasons and the influence of internal fixation about the guide pin eccentricity of helical blade during proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) internal fixation for femoral intertrochanteric fractures.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the intraoperative imaging data of 175 patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures, who underwent closed reduction and PFNA internal fixation between January 2018 and January 2020, was performed. There were 76 males and 99 females with an average age of 79.

Treatment-Related Adverse Events of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell (CAR T) in Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Chimeric antigen receptors T (CAR-T) cell therapy of cancer is a rapidly evolving field. It has been shown to be remarkably effective in cases of hematological malignancies, and its approval by the FDA has significantly increased the enthusiasm for wide clinical usage and development of novel CAR-T therapies. However, it has also challenged physicians and investigators to recognize and deal with treatment-associated toxicities.

Omarigliptin ameliorated high glucose-induced nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation through activating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) in renal glomerular endothelial cells.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a complication of diabetes that induces the development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The pathogenesis of DN is reported to be closely related to the activation of the NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in renal glomerular endothelial cells. Omarigliptin is a novel dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor developed for the management of type II diabetes, it has been recently reported to possess a significant anti-inflammatory property.

Risk of HBV Reactivation in Patients With Resolved HBV Infection Receiving Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy Without Antiviral Prophylaxis.

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged as a novel treatment modality for hematologic malignancies and is predicted to experience widespread use in the near future. However, not all risks associated with this novel approach are well defined. There are few data in the risk of HBV reactivation and limited experience in management in patients with resolved HBV infection who undergo CAR-T cell therapy.

Long noncoding RNA BS-DRL1 modulates the DNA damage response and genome stability by interacting with HMGB1 in neurons.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to regulate DNA damage response (DDR) and genome stability in proliferative cells. However, it remains unknown whether lncRNAs are involved in these vital biological processes in post-mitotic neurons. Here, we report and characterize a lncRNA, termed Brain Specific DNA-damage Related lncRNA1 (BS-DRL1), in the central nervous system.